ATOMS AND MATTER BRIEF STUDY GUIDE
1.
____________________ is anything that takes up space.
2.
______: how much there is of something; usually measured by weighing
3.
___________: how much space matter is taking up.
4.
_________________________: color, taste, odor, shape, and volume
5.
There are ______ main states or phases of matter: (Draw the diagram of phases using the boxes)
____________: tightly packed molecules
____________: loosely packed molecules
____________.: very loosely packed molecules
6.
___________ changes a solid into a liquid. Think of the sun melting an ice cube (solid) to water (liquid).
7.
_____________: the smallest building block of matter
8.
____________: is made up of only one kind of atom.
9.
_______________: smallest particle made of two or more elements chemically combined
10. ___________: amount of matter something has.
11.
____________: mixing two or more things together. An example is party mix.
12. _________: is the main substance when you are dissolving something.
13. ____________: is the substance that dissolves in the solvent. An example is lemonade: the water is the
solvent and the mix is the solute.
VOCABULARY REVIEW
1. molecule: made of two or more atoms; for example, one molecule of water is made of two atoms of hydrogen
and one atom of oxygen, hence the term H O.
2. element: matter that is made of only one kind of atom; for example, iron, oxygen, gold, calcium, silver, copper,
nitrogen, etc.
3. solid: matter that has a certain size and shape
4. liquid: matter that has a certain size (volume) but no shape of its own, and can be poured.
5. gas: matter that has no size or shape of its own and is often invisible
CONCEPTS TO REVIEW
1. Molecules that make up any matter move. They move least in solids, more freely in liquids, and most freely in
gases. When matter is heated, its molecules move faster and spread farther apart. This causes matter to expand or
become larger. When heat is removed from matter, its molecules slow down and move closer together. Matter
contracts or becomes smaller. Water is an exception; it expands when it freezes.
2. Solids melt when heat is added; they change from solid to liquid. This is a physical change because the molecule
is not changing its structure or properties.
3. When heat is added to liquids, they change to a gas; they evaporate. Heat adds energy to the substance causing
the molecules to spread further apart.
4. When a gas is cooled, it changes to a liquid. This is called condensation. Example: when the water vapor from
your shower comes in contact with the cold mirror, it condenses on the mirror. When you breathe on a cold window
pane, the water vapor in your breath forms a film on the window. This is condensation. Dew forming on the grass
is also condensation.
5. Liquids freeze when heat is removed from them. They change from a liquid state to a solid one.