1. PRODUCTS SPECIFICATIONS
1.1 Product Description:
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is a unique water-based chemical product that is intended to provide a permanent treatment and ultimate protection of large-scale concrete substrates against temperature and moisture associated problems such as thermal cracking, damage caused by repeated freeze and thaw cycles, chloride ion penetration, as well as alkali silica reactions.
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is the only product of its kind that combines the repelling function along with a unique hygroscopic and hydrophilic internal moisture blocking mechanism. Its low viscosity allows it to penetrate easily and deeply into concrete substrates where it reacts and results in an outstanding performance.
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 promises to keep treated concrete reasonably dry, thus eliminating most water and moisture associated problems. It will also seal cracks up to 1/16th of an inch. Therefore, it will prolong the life span of the structure and dramatically reduce maintenance cost.
1.2 Technical Specifications
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Freezing Point:
Boiling Point:
1.10
2.4 cps
25 o F
218 o F
Environmental Hazards: None
Color
Odor:
Toxicity
Fumes
Flammability
Clear
None
None
None
None
Table 1: Technical Specifications and Properties of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100.
1.3 Advantages & Benefits of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100
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Prevents penetration of chloride ions from de-icing salts.
Eliminates damage caused by repeated freezing and thawing cycles.
Provides permanent internal waterproofing and moisture blocking from positive and negative sides.
Excellent repelling property preventing water, jet fuel, and oil penetration from the surface.
Resists aggressive chemical such as acids, caustics Jet fuels and oil.
Protects reinforcing steel bars against corrosion without any negative effect on existing steel cathodic protection.
Enhances the adhesion property of joint sealant and road markers
Reduces Alkali Silica Reactions (ASR), thus eliminates silicate dusting.
Seals and protects against hairline and thermal cracking.

1.4 Moisture Associated Problems in Concrete
A summary of the moisture associated problems are presented in the following figures of a typical concrete slab and of a concrete bridge.
Spalling
Laitance
Stress corrosion cracking
Freeze-thaw spalling
Silicate dusting
Chloride ions penetration
Concrete Slab
Compact
Substrate Grade
Hydrostatic pressure
Sub grade water
Cracking
Capillarity
Steel corrosion
Reinforcing
Figure 1: Typical moisture associated problems in concrete slab
Chloride penetration from deicing salts
Silicate dusting
Freeze-thaw spalling
Concrete Beam
Steel corrosion
Concrete Column
Capillary action
Cracks
Figure 2: Typical moisture associated problems in a concrete bridge.

1.4 Suitability of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 to the Marine Environment
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is tested according to the American Environmental Protection
Agency’s Regulation EPA-821-R-02-012 (Method for the measurement of the acute toxicity of effluent and receiving waters to fresh water and marine organisms, fifth edition, 2002).
Test results indicated that according to the application rate, CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 would not cause acute toxicity in the receiving body of water. A summary for the test results is summarized in following table.
Aquatic indicator organisms LC50
Pimephales Promelas (Fathead Minnow) 29.29 ml/L
Ceriodaphnia dubia (water flea) pH = 8.5 14.14 ml/L
Ceriodaphnia dubia (water flea) pH > 9 7.32 ml/L
Table 2: A summary for the acute toxicity results of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX
CCC100 according to EPA-821-R-02-012.
2. FIELDS OF APPLICATION
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Airport Runways, Taxiways, and Planes parking areas.
Bridges and Tunnels.
Concrete Roads & Highways.
Parking Lots.
Marine construction work.
3. CERTIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
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ASTM C 672-98 Standard Test Method for Scaling Resistance of Concrete Surfaces
Exposed to Deicing Chemicals.
ASTM C 944-99 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or
Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method.
ASTM D 4541-95 Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
Portable Adhesion Testers.
ASTM F 609-96 Standard Test Method for Measuring Static Slip Resistance of
Footwear Sole, Heel or Related Materials Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter (HPS).
ASTM E303-93 Standard Test Method for Measuring Surface Frictional Properties
Using the British Pendulum Tester.
ASTM C 666-97 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing
& Thawing.
ASTM C 1262-98 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Freeze Thaw Durability of
Manufactured Concrete Masonry Units and Related Concrete Units.
ASTM C 1218 Standard Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and
Concrete.
ASTM C 1202-97 Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration.

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ASTM D 6489-99 Standard Test Method for Determining the Water Absorption of
Hardened Concrete Treated With a Water Repelling Coating.
ASTM C 642-97 Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in
Hardened Concrete.
ASTM C 457-98 Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of
Parameters of the Air Void System in Hardened Concrete.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO):
 AASHTO T259-00 Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ion Penetration.
United Kingdom Highway Agency:
 BD43/03 Design Manual for Roads and Bridges.
Czech Republic Standards:
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CSN 73 1326 Surface Corrosion Resistance Test Of Cyclic Freezing In Salt Solution
CSN EN ISO 2812-1 Chemical Resistance Test
CSN 73 6177 Surface Skid Resistance Test
CSN 73 2578 Water-Proofing Test of Concrete
CSN EN 1062-3 Water Absorption Test of Concrete
Russian Government Standards:
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GOST 12730.5-84
GOST 22690-88
GOST 12780.1-78
GOST 10060-95
GOST 12730.1-78
GOST 10180-90
4. PACKAGING
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is available in 5 Gal Pails and 55 Gallon Drums.
5. COVERAGE
It is recommended to apply CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 at a rate of 150 to 200 ft 2 /gallon
(3.6 to 4.8 m 2 /l).
6. QUALITY ASSURANCE
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 for the treatment and protection of concrete substrate works on the mechanism of forming different types of crystal. The progressive growth of these crystals minimizes the diffusion and penetration of water, chloride ion, and all other concrete problems associated with the presence of water.

CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is different from any other water proofing sealer in the following issues:
1. It is a non-film forming product. Unlike other sealers, the application of CHEM-CRETE
PAVIX CCC100 will not reduce the friction resistance (which important in highways, airplane runways, and taxiways) of the concrete since it penetrates through the pores and the capillaries of the concrete.
2. It prevents the moisture and chloride ion diffusion in all directions while sealers prevent it only from the surface ignoring the other unsealed surfaces.
3. It penetrates through the pores while the crystal grows continuously with time until complete protection, while sealers deteriorate with time.
The crystal, as shown in the figure, is of a microscopic size, which cannot be seen by eye.
However, a permeability test for sample treated with CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 will show a major reduction in water permeability. Long term testing by independent lab test is available to show such reduction. Other independent lab tests showed that using CHEM-CRETE PAVIX
CCC100 reduces the chloride ion diffusion by half. It also reduces scaling by at least 60%. All of that would double the life of the concrete.
Figure 3: Microscopic images for the crystals formed by the CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100

The following table shows a comparison between the CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 and other conventional concrete waterproofing products.
CHARACTERISTICS PAVIX SILANES SODIUM
SILICATE
XYPEX VANDEX
State (nature of product)
Base Material
Single Component
Product
Non-Film forming
Easy to Apply
Single Application
Environmentally
Friendly
Treats Heavy Traffic
Areas
Deep Penetration
Permanent Treatment
Water Repellency
Chemical Repellency
Enhancing Adhesion
Crystallization
Mechanism
Liquid
Water
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Very Good
Very Good
Yes
Hydrophilic
/
Hygroscopi c
Yes
Liquid
Solvent
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
None
Liquid
Water
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No No
PERFORMANCE
No
Good
No
None
Good
No
None
None
Yes
Hydrophilic
None
Powder
Cement
No
( requires water)
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
None
None
Yes
Hygroscopic
None
Powder
Cement
No
( requires water)
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
None
None
Yes
Hygroscopic
Yes Crystal Growth Towards
Moisture
Freeze Thaw Protection
Protection Against
Chloride Ions
Reduction of Alkali
Silica Reaction
Reduction of
Efflorescence
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
YES
YES
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Reduction of Moisture
Transmission
Yes No No Yes Yes
Substrate Protection
Region
Internal Surface
7. GENERAL SURFACE PREPARATION.
Surface Surface Surface
Concrete surfaces must be clean and sound prior to applying the product. Cleaning will open the surface pores and capillaries in order to enhance the penetration process.
Compressed air can be used to remove dust and loose particles from the surface. Flushing the area to be treated with water can improve the cleaning process. However for heavily contaminated areas, special concrete cleaning agents ca be used to remove dirt especially those contaminated with oil.

The surface must be allowed to dry prior to applying Chem- Crete PAVIX CCC100. CHEM-
CRETE PAVIX CCC100 can be applied to concrete surfaces in one single coat only by means of spraying, sweeping or brushing. For large scale applications, such as airport runways, it is recommended that CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 must be applied using a heavy duty commercial sprayer similar to the one shown below. The figures below show the major parts of a typical commercial sprayer for the use in the application of the CHEM-CRETE PAVIX
CCC100. The sprayer contains surface preparation equipment in the form of high pressure hot water sprayer.
Application pump 180° Swivel
Hose reel
Pressure washer
500 gallon Wylie
Poly elliptical tank
Manual application port
DOT approved lights and safety striping
Tool box DOT approved trailer
Adjustable hitch
Quick fill valve
Tandem electric brakes
Stainless steel application bar
Figure 4: A typical commercial sprayer for the application of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100.
Figure 5: The commercial sprayer in application of CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100.

8. TREATMENT OF MOISTURE ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS IN CONCRETE
8.1 Concrete Substrate
CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 is mainly used to protect the concrete substrate, the high way substrate or airports runways, taxiways. The following figure shows the major water associated problems in concrete substrate. CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100 eliminates these problems by forming crystals in the body of the concrete substrate in all directions. The product with the low viscosity penetrates the concrete substrate from all directions.
Figure 6: Typical moisture associated problems in concrete substrate.
By the treatment with CHEM-CRETE PAVIX CCC100, c racks smaller than 1/16” will be protected and repaired. The mechanism of this treatment is shown below.
Protection zone Treated crack
Figure 7: The treatment and repair of hairline cracks after the treatment of CHEM-CRETE
PAVIX CCC100.

8.2 Construction Joints
The construction joints, ether in concrete highways or airport runways or taxiways, are subjected to high stresses. These stresses in the presence of moisture are developed into crack formation and thus deterioration of the concrete around the construction joints. Figure 8 and 9 presents schematic diagram and a picture for deteriorated concrete at a construction joint, respectively.
Figure 8: Schematic diagram for the concrete problems at a construction joint
Figure 9: A Photograph for a deteriorated concrete around a construction joint