Trudy’s set of terms
PROTECTION AGAINST HOST COMPOUNDS
Manipulation of biochemical and physiological processes in host
Suppression of host defense responses
Inhibition of host proteases by another organism
Inhibition of extracellular host proteases by another organism
Inhibition of serine proteases by another organism
Inhibition of subtilin-like serine proteases
Inhibition of glucanase proteases by another organism
Inhibition of extracellular host proteases by another organism
Inhibition of cysteine protease by another organism
Inhibition of papain-like cysteine protease by another
organism
Inhibition of extracellular host proteases by another organism
Inhibition of aspartic proteases by another organism
Synonyms
Serpins for serine protease inhibitors
Definitions
Inhibition of host proteases: Ability of enzyme to prevent/antagonize or reduce the
catalysis of hydrolysis of peptide bonds
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of proteases,
enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal
peptide linkages in oligopeptides or polypeptides
Inhibition of extracellular host proteases by another organism
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of
extracellular proteases, enzymes that catalyze the
hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide linkages in
oligopeptides or polypeptides
Inhibition of serine host proteases by another organism
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine
proteases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of
nonterminal peptide linkages in oligopeptides or
polypeptides; a serine residue (and a histidine
residue) are at the active center of the enzyme.
Inhibition of subtilin-like serine proteases
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of subtilinlike serine proteases, enzymes that catalyze the
hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide linkages in
oligopeptides or polypeptides; a serine residue (and a
histidine residue) are at the active center of the
enzyme.
Inhibition of glucanase proteases by another organism
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of glucanaes,
enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal
peptide linkages in oligopeptides or polypeptides.
Inhibition of host aspartic proteases by another organism: Stops, prevents or
reduces the activity of aspartic-type proteases,
enzymes that might suppress the endoglucanase-catalyzed
release of glucan elicitors
PMID:
PMID:
PMID:
PMID:
PMID:
PMID:
15060002
16117831
15980196
15096512
16448329
12084830
Puente et al
Tian et al
Tian et al
Tian et al
Kamoun S
Rose et al
Comments: Protease inhibitor activity (GO:0030414) currently resides
under molecular function. Definition should be modified
to infer the interaction nature (as described above)
and placed under the OBO node with Suppresion of host
defense response as the direct parent.
If we have to tackle the plant side of things (protease
inhibitors of pathogens, insect etc) we could make use
of similar termnology
Recognition of symbionts
Recognition of PAMPs from symbionts or
Recognition of
symbionts via PAMPs
Definition: The process where a symbiont is detected
via Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs). The
symbiont is the smaller of the organisms
Synonym for PAMPs: General elicitors (of host defense)
Note: Molecular patterns in PAMPs correspond to motifs
or domains with conserved structural traits found in
widely occurring compounds of microbes but not present
in the host and essential for microbial fitness
Innate immunity constitutes the first line of defense
against attempted microbial invasion
PAMPs have conserved molecular motifs or signatures the
are recognized by the host immune system
Killing of cells of another organism
Programmed Cell Death
Induction of HR in another organism
Specific elicitor induced HR in host
Specific elicitor induced HR in nonhost
PAMP induced HR in host associated with
defense
PAMP induced HR in nonhost associated
with defense
Comment
The above four in black should all be siblings under
Induction of HR in another organism. I feel the above
proposed terms are needed to differentiate HR induced
by specific elicitors (AVR) and HR induced by general
elicitors PAMPs in both host and nonhost
Definition
Specific elicitor induced HR in host : The rapid death
of host cells in response to invasion by a
symbiont/another organism
Specific elicitor induced HR in nonhost: The rapid
death of nonhost cells in response to invasion by a
symbiont/another organism
Killing of cells of another organism
PAMP induced cell death in host resulting
in
susceptibility
PAMP induced cell death in nonhost
resulting in
susceptibility
Definition:
PAMP induced cell death in host resulting in
susceptibility:
PAMP induced cell death in nonhost resulting in
susceptibility:
References
PMID: 15199967 Nurenberger T
Innate immunity in
plants and animals
PMID: 7753777
Nurenberger Review Ologopetide
PMID: 10377992
Felix G et al bacterial flagellin
PMID: 12471032
Felix G et al RNA binding protein
RNP-1
PMID: 16430931 Gijzen and Nurenberger Nep1-like
….
INDUCTION OF HOST DEFENSE RESPONSE
PAMP INDUCED SIGNALLING CASCADES
Various steps before those below if data is
available(Still looking
into this)
Activation/ Induction of reactive oxygen species
Activation of calcium fluxes
Induction of nitric oxide
Definitions
Activation/ Induction of reactive oxygen species
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen
(O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g.
superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and
hydroxyl radicals (-OH) where the pathway is activated
by PAMPs from another organism
Activation/ Induction of reactive oxygen species
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen
(O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g.
superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and
hydroxyl radicals (-OH) where the pathway is activated
by specific elicitors from another organism
Activation of calcium fluxes
Comments: I propose that with all the responses
downstream of the initial recognition, we should
differentiate between those resulting from specific
elicitors or PAMP triggers. Did not figure out how to
incorporate that in the terms but the definitions
specify for each trigger
Note:
PAMP INDUCED SIGNALLING CASCADES; resembles those known
to induce mediate activation of innate immune responses
in animals