Name __________________________
SEPUP Science Unit D Review
Complete each statement.
Asexual reproduction –
 involves __________ parent
 produces offspring that are _______________ to the parent
 takes place in single _____________ organisms and some
multicellular organisms (__________ in hydras, strawberry
plant ______________)
Sexual reproduction –
 involves ___________ parents
 is the union of the ________ cell and the ___________ cell
 takes place in _______________________ organisms
 produces _______________ that are not identical to the
parents
Genetic information is found in the ______________ of the cells
of most organisms.
The study of genetics –
 scientists study organisms that __________________ quickly
 Gregor ________________ was the first geneticist
 information gained from the study of one type of organism
can be _________________ to other organisms
 proves inherited diseases are usually caused by ___________
Traits can be determined by one ___________ or several
__________. Traits can also be affected by __________________.
Nature vs. nurture (______________ vs. _________________) –
genes and environment affect traits.
Most human cells contain _________ chromosomes organized into
_________ pairs. Egg cells and sperm cells each contain _______
chromosomes.
The genetic information contained in each egg cell and sperm cell
is determined ___________________.
Every human being has unique ___________. One exception to
this would be identical ______________, when the egg
____________ after fertilization making two people with the same
DNA.
Match the definitions and terms.
_____ a family tree used for
A. genotype
genetic analysis
_____ having only one kind of
B. co-dominance
allele for a trait
_____ person who is heterozygous
C. recessive trait
for a recessive genetic condition
_____the allele combination
D. homozygous
_____the physical appearance
E. heterozygous
_____a mistake made in a gene
when DNA is copied
_____a trait that is always visible
when it is present
_____ a trait that is masked
(or hidden)
_____ neither trait is dominant produces combination trait
_____ having alleles for two
different traits
_____ both traits appear in the
offspring
F. incomplete dominance
G. pedigree
H. phenotype
I. mutation
J. carrier
K. dominant trait
A ____________ ___________is a diagram you can use to show
the likelihood of each outcome of a breeding experiment.
A dominant allele –
 is represented by a _________________ letter
 masks the __________________ trait
 is always ____________________ if it’s present
A recessive allele –
 is represented by a ________________________ letter
 is ____________________ by the dominant allele
 is visible only when _____ recessive alleles are present
In a pattern of simple dominance- a _______________ trait skips a
generation. It is passed from a parent who is a _______________.
This parent is _______________________________ for the trait.
If both parents are carriers, there is a __________ chance of
producing offspring with the condition.
Complete the chart.
BLOOD TYPE
O
A
B
AB
POSSIBLE ALLELE PAIRS
__________
__________ or ___________
__________ or ___________
__________
Type A blood and type B are _____________________________.
Type O is ________________________.
DNA Fingerprinting –
 DNA is extracted from ____________________.
 It is _________________ at a specific sequence.
 It is placed in gel and _____________________ is passed
through it.
 The DNA moves toward the positive end. The ___________
pieces move faster than bigger ones.
DNA fingerprinting can be used to –
 _____________________ criminals
 identify _____________________ people
 ________________________ a genetic disease
Complete the Punnett squares and answer the questions.
R
R
r
What is (are) the genotype(s)
of the offspring?
r
__________________________
R
R
r
What is (are) the genotype(s)
of the offspring?
__________________________
r
What genotype(s) represent the
dominant trait?
_________________________
What is the ratio of the dominant to
the recessive trait in the offspring?
_________________________
Show the relative size for genes, DNA cells, and chromosomes
from largest to smallest.
_____________ - ____________ - ____________ - ____________