106729168 Unit 02 Grammar CH2 Present Perfect Simple past and past progressive Comparatives and superlatives Perfect Tense – Simple Form The simple past tense expresses a completed action that happened in the past. (Subj + HAVE + Verb-past participle + Obj) - [past participle = -ed] I have eaten lunch.(completed action in the past)* I have worked at home. (usually expressed with for [amount of time], or since [time in past]) *Note: although the simple past and the perfect have the same meaning in this case, they are not used the same way in more advanced sentence formation and may have small differences in specific meanings. Past tense (simple) The simple past tense expresses an action that happened in the past. (Subj + Verb-past participle + Obj) - [past participle = -ed] I ate lunch. (action in the past)* I worked at home. Past Continuous / Past Progressive The Past Continuous / Past Progressive expresses an action that happened over a period of time in the past – (Subj + past BE verb + Verb-ing+ Obj) I was eating lunch. I was working at home. Comparatives & Superlatives Comparatives Person 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person Singular I You He/She/It Subject/Noun Verb Person 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person = 【文】主詞 /【文】名詞 = 【文】動詞 Plural We You They 106729168 Auxiliary/Helping Verb Object/Noun Adjective Preposition Conjunction = 助動詞 = 【文】受詞 /【文】名詞 = 形容詞 = 【文】介系詞,前置詞 = 【文】連接詞 One Syllable I am Subj. Verb bigger Comparative Adj. than you. Object One Syllable + Y I am Subj. Verb uglier Comparative Adj. than you. Object Two or more syllables I am Subj. Verb more/less artistic Comparative Adj. than you. Object One Syllable Adj. Fat/thin Small/tall/short Long/short Blue Sad Mad/glad Bad/good Light Cheap One Syllable + Y ADJ Happy Heavy Busy Healthy Wealthy Lucky Friendly Pretty Two or more syllables ADJ Expensive Powerful Beautiful Wonderful Artistic Creative Difficult Humorous Comparatives (uses adjectives) One syllable add -er One syllable + -y add -ier 106729168 Tall Small Old Happy Easy Pretty Taller Smaller Older happier easier prettier Two syllables or more = more + word Beautiful Wonderful Exciting Expensive More beautiful More wonderful More exciting More expensive Superlatives Short word 1 syllable = est 1 syllable + Y = iest Very – Very + ADJ/ADV Really – Really + ADJ/ADV/VERB Long word 2 or more syllables = the most + word