GENETICS OUTCOMES
Text: Dark green Life Science, pages 106 – 141 (light green version, pages 114 – 154)
At the end of the unit, you should be able to: TEST DATE: Tues, December 5
1. Explain how diversity (individual human differences) can be explained by describing traits.
2. Demonstrate how some traits are blends of the parents’ traits and some traits are always one
extreme or another and never a blend.
3. Show how traits (phenotype) are determined by genes (Genotype).
4. Explain how DNA is contained in units called genes, which are in term found on strands
called chromosomes.
5. Compare asexual and sexual reproduction. Compare the diversity that each reproductive
process produces.
6. Compare meiosis and mitosis. Refer specifically to the purpose of each process and the
number of chromosomes that each process produces.
7. Explain how X and Y Chromosomes determine sex. Explain how it is the father that
determines sex.
8. Show how the different types of a gene (alleles) can be either dominant or recessive.
9. Give the appearance of homozygotes (pure breds) and heterozygotes (hybrids)
- The dominant allele is expressed in a homozygote and heterozygote.
- The recessive allele is only expressed in a homozygote.
10. In a monohybrid cross, calculate the probability for what the offspring will look like
knowing the genes of the 2 parents.
11. In a dihybrid cross, give the probability for what the offspring will look like knowing the
genes of the 2 parents.
12. Explain how predicted probability may vary from actual results, but over a large number
of trials, the predicted and actual probability should be close.
Vocabulary: (Bold – be able to define; not bold – be able to recognize)
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heredity
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genotype
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DNA
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phenotype
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genes
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meiosis
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chromosomes
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mitosis
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allele
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heterozygous
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dominant trait
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homozygous
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recessive trait
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monohybrid
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sexual reproduction
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dihybrid
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asexual reproduction