Meteorology Review Answers
Completion
1. warm
2. low
3. air masses
4. temperature, precipitation
5. summer, winter
6. dry adiabatic
7. cooler
8. inward
9. global warming
10. nitrogen, oxygen
11. Northern
12. mesocyclone
13. summer
14. carbon dioxide
15. cloud seed (or condensation
nuclei)
16. polar, tropical
17. fog
18. temperature control
19. precipitation
20. cooler, milder
21. balances
22. reflection
23. right
24. polar
25. occlusion
26. 100
27. heat
28. rising
29. higher, lower
30. rotation
31. decrease
32. La Niña
33. poles, equator
34. form, height
35. front
36. continental, maritime
37. hurricanes
38. continental polar
39. stratosphere
40. conduction
41. ice cap
42. evaporation
43. air pollutants
44. radiation
45. temperature profile
46. one million
47. counterclockwise
48. precipitation
Short Answer
49. a whirling tropical cyclone that
produces winds of at least 119
kilometers per hour
50. the windward side
51. friction causes a net flow of air
inward around a cyclone and
outward around an anticyclone
52. the height of the column
decreases
53. heating of land and water,
altitude, geographic position,
cloud cover, and ocean currents
54. orographic lifting, frontal
wedging, convergence, and
localized convective lifting
55. the rate of movement of the front
and the steepness of its slope
56. continental tropical
57. latent heat of condensation
58. warm, moist, unstable maritime
tropical air seldom penetrates this
region
59. subtropical high, polar high,
equatorial low, and subpolar low
60. the state of the atmosphere at any
given time and place
61. tiny bits of particulate matter that
serve as surfaces for water-vapor
condensation
62. centers of low pressure
63. when air is compressed, it
warms, and when it is allowed to
expand, it cools
64. the pressure exerted by the
weight of air above
65. the stronger the wind, the greater the deflection of the Coriolis effect
66. source region and overall temperature
67. increases in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have caused global
temperatures to rise
68. eye wall
69. the ratio of air’s actual water-vapor content compared with the amount of water
vapor air can hold at that temperature and pressure
70. the natural warming of both Earth’s lower atmosphere and surface
71. the general term for the amount of water vapor in air
72. by adding or removing water vapor or by changing temperature
73. higher elevations are generally wetter than lower elevations
74. land heats more rapidly and cools down more rapidly than does water
75. a semiarid climate is a marginal and more humid variant of an arid climate
76. the development of a front, occurring when two air masses with different
temperatures encounter each other moving in two different directions
77. temperature and precipitation
78. there are no landmasses to interrupt that particular pressure belt
79. tundra climate and ice cap climate
80. the temperature profile in the lower atmosphere
81. pressure differences, the Coriolis effect, and friction
82. prevailing westerlies
83. stationary fronts are shown by blue triangles on one side of the front and red
semicircles on the other side
84. 0 to 4 percent
85. the method and place of formation
86. global winds move warm air toward the poles and cool air toward the equator
87. it may be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed
88. the energy transferred from one object to another because of temperature
differences
89. centers of high pressure
90. when it is in a liquid state below 0ºC
91. seasons occur because Earth’s axis is tilted and its position relative to the sun
continually changes as it travels along its orbit
92. Volcanic ash, dust, and aerosols in the air increase the amount of solar radiation
that is reflected back into space
93. Fujita tornado intensity scale
94. light to moderate
95. air temperature, humidity, type and amount of precipitation, air pressure, and the
speed and direction of the wind
96. climate refers to weather patterns that have been observed over many years
97. when the air mass moves over a new surface
98. an mP air mass is wet and cold