國立中正大學語言所碩博班教學大綱
九十九學年第一學期
科目名稱：漢語語法
授課老師：張榮興
上課時間：星期四 9:10~12:00
授課老師：張榮興
辦公室：文學院237
電子信箱：Lngjhc@ccu.edu.tw
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The course is an introduction to Chinese grammar. It covers the topics such as
syntactic categories, aspect markers, and the syntactic constructions such as resultative
verb construction, serial verb construction, directional verb construction, the
bei-construction, the ba-construction, and the verb-copying construction, etc. Students
from this class will learn how to do grammatical analysis based on these
constructions.
COURSE TOPICS:
Week Dates Topics
1
9/16 Introduction
2
9/23 Syntactic categories (1)
3
4
5
6
7
9/30 Syntactic categories (2)
10/7 Event types
10/14 Event types and Lexical
representation
10/21 Aspect markers (1)
10/28 Aspect markers (2)
8
9
10
11
11/4 Resultative verb construction (1)
11/11 Resultative verb construction (2)
11/18 Serial verb construction (1)
11/25 Serial verb construction (2)
12
13
12/2 Directional verb construction (1)
12/9 Directional verb construction (1)
14
12/16 Bei-construction
15
12/23 Ba-construction
Readings
Huang, et al. (2009), Ch. 1
McCawley (1992)
Xing (2003)
Tai (1984); Chang (2009), Ch. 1-3
Van Valin (2005), Ch. 2
Chang (2003); Soh & Gao (2007)
Mangione & Li (1993); Wu
(2010)
Li (1990)；Tai (2003)
Chang (1998); Chang (2003)
Hwang (2008), Ch. 1-3
Hwang (2008), Ch. 4; Chang
(2007)
Kang (2001); Kmura (1984)
Chang (2009), Ch. 4
Lu (1977)
Chao (2007) ; Yang (1995) ;
Huang, et al. (2009), Ch. 4
Yang (2004) ; Huang, et al.
(2009), Ch. 5
1
16
17
12/30 Verb-copying construction
1/6 Oral presentation
COURSE GRADE:
Assignments 40%
Oral presentation and class discussion
Term paper 30%
Tai (1999); Liu (1997)
30%
SYNTACTIC CATEGORIES:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Huang, C.-T. James, Y.-H. Audrey Li, and Yafei Li. 2009. The Syntax of Chinese.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Chapter 1)
McCawley, James D. 1992. Justifying part-of-speech assignments in Mandarin
Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 20: 211-245.
Xing, Janet Zhiqun. 2003. Grammaticalization of verbs in Mandarin Chinese. Journal
of Chinese Linguistics 31.1: 101-143.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Esteva, Sara Rovira. 2008. Chinese classification categories revisited. Journal of
Chinese Linguistics 36.1: 106-120.
Her, One-Soon, and Chen-Tien Hsieh. 2010. On the semantic distinction between
classifiers and measure words in Chinese. Language and Linguistics 11.3:
527-551.
EVENT TYPES:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chang, Jung-hsing. 2009. The Syntax of Event Structure in Chinese. Saarbrücken,
Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller.
Tai, James H-Y. 1984. Verbs and times in Chinese: Vendler's four categories. Papers
from the Parasession on Lexical Semantics, Chicago Linguistic Society, 289-296.
Van, Valin, Robert D. 2005. Exploring the Syntax-Semantics Interface. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
ASPECT MARKERS:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chang, Jung-hsing . 2003. State Eventualities and Aspect Marker le in Chinese.
Taiwan Journal of Linguistics 1.1: 97-110.
Chen, Chien-Chou. 2009. Ambiguity of le in Chinese: The perfective as well as
2
imperfective. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 37.1: 108-129.
Mangione, L., and Dingxuan Li. 1993. A compositional analysis of -Guo and -Le.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics 21.1 : 65-122.
Soh, Hooi Ling, and Meijia Gao. 2007. It's over: Verbal -le in Mandarin Chinese. The
Grammar-Pragmatics Interface: Essays in honor of Jeanettee K. Gundel, ed. by
Nancy Hedberg and Ron Zacharski, 91-109. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Wu, Jiun-Shiung. 2010. Interactions between aspect and temporal relations: A case
study of the perfective le. Language and Linguistics 11.1: 65-98.
Yang, Guowen. 2009. The semantics of complex aspects constructed from two
imperfective simple aspects in Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 37.2:
297-359.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Barbara, Meisterernst. 2005. Some remarks on the syntax and semantics of the
so-called aspectual markers ji 既 and yi 已 in Han period Chinese. Journal of
Chinese Linguistics, 33.1: 68-113.
Carlot, S., Smith. 1994. Aspectual viewpoint and situation type in Mandarian Chinese.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics 3.2: 107-146.
Jian, Kang. 2008. On the Inceptive Aspect Particle ‘起来.’ Journal of the Chinese
Language Teachers Association, 43.1: 17.
Kang, Jian. 2002. The unmarked perfective guo. Journal of the Chinese Language
Teachers Association 37.3: 1-36.
Lin, Jo-wang. 2002. Aspectual selection and temporal reference of –zhe in Mandarin
Chinese. Tsinghua Journal of Chinese Studies 32.2: 257-296.
Lin, Jo-wang. 2004. 漢語的完成動詞：二十年以後. Paper presented at the 9th
International Symposium on Chinese Language and Linguistics (IsCLL 9,
November 19-21, Taiwan University, Taipei.
Lin, Jo-wang. 2007. Predicate restriction, discontinuity property and the semantics of
the perfective marker guo in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of East Asian
Linguistics 16.3: 237–257
Pan, H., and P. Lee. 2004. The role of pragmatics in interpreting the Chinese
perfective markers –guo and –le. Journal of Pragmatics 36: 441-466.
Soh, Hooi Ling, and Jenny Yi-Chun Kuo. 2005. Perfective aspect and accomplishment
situations in Mandarin Chinese. Perspectives on Aspect, ed. by Angeliek van
Hout, Henriette de Swart and Henk Verkuyl, 199-216. Dordrecht: Springer.
Soh, Hooi Ling, and Meijia Gao. 2006. Perfective aspect and transition in Mandarin
Chinese: An analysis of double -le sentences. Proceedings of 2004 Texas
Linguistics Society Conference: Issues at the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface, ed.
3
by Pascal Denis, Eric McCready, Alexis Palmer and Brian Reese, 107-122.
Somerville, Mass.: Cascadilla Press.
Soh, Hooi Ling, and Meijia Gao. 2008. Mandarin Sentential -le, Perfect and English
already. Event Structure in Linguistic Form and Interpretation, ed. by Johannes
Dölling, Tatjana Heyde-Zybatow and Martin Schäfer, 447-473. Berlin: Mouton
de Gruyter.
Soh, Hooi Ling. 2008. The Syntax and Semantics of Change/Transition: Evidence
from Mandarin Chinese. Theoretical and Cross-linguistic Approaches to the
Semantics of Aspect, ed. by Susan Rothstein, 387-419. Philadelphia: John
Benjamins.
Soh, Hooi Ling. 2009. Speaker presupposition and Mandarin Chinese sentence final
-le: A unified analysis of the "change of state" and the "contrary to expectation"
reading. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 27.3: 623-657.
Sun, Chaofen. 1998. Aspectual categories that overlap: A historical and dialectal
perspective of the Chinese zhe. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 7: 153-174.
Wu, Jiun-Shiung. 2007. Semantic difference between the two imperfective markers in
Mandarin and its implication on temporal relations. Journal of Chinese
Linguistics, 35.2: 372-398.
Yeh, Meng. 1993. The stative situation and the imperfective zhe in Mandarin. Journal
of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 28.1: 69-98.
(for contemporary research on tense, aspect, Aktionsart, and related areas,
http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~binnick/old%20tense/BIBLIO.html)
RESULTATIVE VERB CONSTRUCTION:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chang, Claire Hsun-huei. 1998. V-V compounds in Mandarin Chinese: Argument
structure and semantics. New Approaches to Chinese Word Formation:
Morphology, Phonology and the Lexicon in Modern and Ancient Chinese, ed. by
Jerome L. Packard, 77-101. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Chang, Jung-hsing. 2003. Event Structure and Argument Linking in Chinese.
Language and Linguistics 4.2: 317-351.
Li, Yafei. 1990. On V-V compounds in Chinese. Natural Language and Linguistic
Theory 8: 177-207.
Tai, James H-Y. 2003. Cognitive relativism: Resultative construction in Chinese.
Language and Linguistics 4.2: 301-316.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
4
Li, Chao. 2008. Mandarin Resultative Verb Compounds: Where Syntax, Semantics,
and Pragmatics Meet. Muenchen: LINCOM.
Ross, Claudia. 1990. Resultative verb compounds. Journal of the Chinese Language
Teachers Association, 25.3: 61-84.
Thompson, Sandra A. 1973. Resultative verb compounds in Mandarin Chinese,
Language 49.2: 361-379.
SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTION:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chang, Jung-hsing. 2007. Linking semantics and syntax in Mandarin serial verbs: A
Role and Reference Grammar account. Language and Linguistics 8.1: 235-266.
Huang, Hui-hua. 2008. Serial Verb Constructions in Chinese. Honolulu: The
University of Hawaii dissertation.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Chan, Alice Yin Wa. 1999. Notes On The Classifications Of Chinese Serial Verb
Constructions. Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 34. 1:
1-20.
Chan, Alice Yin Wa. 2001. Iconicity in Chinese Serial Verb Constructions. Journal of
the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 36.2: 79-98.
Chan, Alice Yin Wa. 2002. Syntactic structures of Chinese serial verb constructions.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 30.1.
Foley, William A. 2010. Events and serial verb constructions. Complex Predicates:
Cross-linguistic Perspectives on Event Structure, ed. by Mengistu Amberber,
Brett Baker, and Mark Harvey, 79-109. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
DIRECTIONAL VERB CONSTRUCTION :
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chang, Jung-hsing. 2009. The Syntax of Event Structure in Chinese. Saarbrücken,
Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller. (Chapter 4)
Kang, Jian. 2001. Perfective aspect particles or telic Aktionsart markers?--Studies of
the directional verb compounds. Journal of Chinese linguistics 29: 281-339.
Kmura, Hideki. 1984. On two functions of the directional complements lai and qu in
Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 12.2: 262-297.
Lu, John H-T. 1977. Resultative Verb Compounds vs. Directional Verb Compounds in
Mandarin. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 5.2: 276-313.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
5
Chen, Chung-yu. 1978. Aspectual features of the verb and the relative positions of the
locative. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 6.1: 76-103.
Tai, James. 1985. Temporal sequence and word order in Chinese. Iconicity in Syntax,
ed. by John Haiman, 49-72. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Yong. Shin. 1997. The grammatical functions of verb complements in Mandarin
Chinese. Linguistics 35.1: 1–24.
BEI-CONSTRUCTION:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Chao, Li. 2007. Evolution of the bei constructions in Chinese. Journal of Chinese
Linguistics, 35.1.
Huang, C.-T. James, Y.-H.Audrey Li, and Yafei Li. 2009. The Syntax of Chinese.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Chapter 4)
Yang, Suying. 1995. Ba and Bei constructions in Chinese. Journal of the Chinese
Language Teachers Association, 30.3: 1-36.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Ren, Xiaobo. 1991. The post-verbal constituent in Chinese passive forms. Journal of
Chinese Linguistics, 19.1: 221-242.
Shi, Dingxu. 1997. Issues on Chinese passive. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 25.1:
41-70.
Ting, Jen. 2008. The Nature of the Particle suo in the Passive Constructions in
Classical Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 36.1: 30-72.
(For bibliography on ba and bei, see Taiwan Journal of Linguistics 7.2, 49-79, 2009)
BA-CONSTRUCTION:
REQUIRED READINGS:
Huang, C.-T. James, Y.-H.Audrey Li, and Yafei Li. 2009. The Syntax of Chinese.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Chapter 5)
Yang, Guowen. 2004. The systemic theory of process types applied to the ba
construction in Chinese. Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association,
39.2: 49-84.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Chaofen, Sun. 1995. Transitivity, the ba construction and its history. Journal of
Chinese Linguistics 23.1: 159-195.
Feng-fu Tsao. 1987. A topic-comment approach to the ba construction. Journal of
Chinese Linguistics 15.1: 1-54.
6
Jin, Honggang. 1992. Pragmaticization and the L2 acquisition of Chinese ba
constructions. Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association,
27.3:33-52.
Liu, Feng-Hsi. 1997. An aspectual analysis of ba. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 6:
51-99.
Qian, Gao. 1997. Resultative verb compounds and ba-construction in Chinese.
Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 25.1: 84-131.
Thompson, Sandra A. 1973. Transitivity and some problems with the ba construction
in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 1.2: 208-221.
(For bibliography on ba and bei, see Taiwan Journal of Linguistics 7.2, 49-79, 2009)
VERB-COPYING CONSTRUCTION :
REQUIRED READINGS:
Liu, Xianmin. 1997. The verb-copying construction and imperfectivity. Journal of the
Chinese Language Teachers Association 32.3: 1-13.
Tai, James H-Y. 1999. Verb-Copying in Chinese Revisited. Chinese Language and
Linguistics V: Interactions in Language Symposium Series of the Institute of
History and Philology, no.2, Academia Sinica. Pp.97-119.
OTHER RELATED READINGS:
Chen, Fred Jyun-gwang. 2006. Verb-Copying and Double-Object Constructions in
Chinese: From the Perspectives of Cognitive Constraint and Discourse Function.
Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 41.2: 45-106.
Liu, Xianmin. 1996 The verb-copying construction - A case of discourse
backgrounding. Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 31.1:
61-84.
Paris, Marie-Claude. 1988. Durational complements and verb copying in Chinese.
Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies 28.2: 423-439.
7