Subjunctive Verbs!
If your verb is irregular, use the charts on pages 337!!!
Present active subjunctive1. start with infinitive
2. remove all three letters to get base
3. if you removed “are” add “e” to the base
4. if you removed “ēre” add “ea” to the base
5. if you removed “ere” add “a” to the base UNLESS you know your
verb is a third “io”
6. if your removed “ire” OR if you know your verb is a third “io” add
“ia” to the base
7. now add “m, s, t, mus, tis, nt” as needed
Present passive subjunctive
1. use steps 1-6 above
2. add passive endings as needed “r, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur”
Deponent verbs (look passive, translate active)
Same as present passive subjunctive
Imperfect Active Subjunctive
1. start with infinitive
2. simply add “m, s, t, mus, tis, nt” as needed
Imperfect passive subjunctive
1. start with infinitive
3. simply add passive endings as needed “r, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur”
Deponent Verbs
1. start with infinitive, noting that these infinitives end with the
letter “i”
2. for “ari. ēri, iri”, change the final “i” to “e”
3. for 3rd conj. which has just an “i” change the “i” to “ere”
4. Now add the appropriate passive ending- “r, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur
Perfect active subjunctive
1. start with 3rd part of verb (it ends with an “i”!)
2. take off that “i” to get the perfect stem
3. add “eri” to the perfect stem
4. now add “m, s, t, mus, tis, nt” as needed
Perfect passive subjunctive
1. start with 4th part of verb-it ends with a “us, -a, -um” (mfn)
2. pick the gender that you need to agree with your subject
3. if “we, you all, they” , use “i,-ae, -a” as needed (mfn)
4. now NEXT to this, write “sim, sis, sit, simus, sitis, sint” as needed
(please note that “sim” etc. is the subjunctive of “sum”)
Deponent Verbs
1. start with the 3rd part, which looks like the 4th part of a regular
verb
2. now use steps 2-4 from above
Pluperfect active subjunctive
1. start with 3rd part of verb (it ends with an “i”!)
2. take off that “i” to get the perfect stem*
3. add “isse” to the perfect stem*
4. now add “m, s, t, mus, tis, nt” as needed
 or you can think of this as just adding “sse” to the entire third
part
Pluperfect passive subjunctive
1. start with 4th part of verb-it ends with a “us, -a, -um” (mfn)
2. pick the gender that you need to agree with your subject
3. if “we, you all, they” , use “i,-ae, -a” as needed (mfn)
4. now NEXT to this, write “essem, esses, esset, essemus, essetis,
essent” as needed
(please note that “essem” is the imperfect subjunctive of “sum”)
Deponets
1. start with the 3rd part, which looks like the 4th part of a regular
verb
2. now use steps 2-4 from above