University of Jordan
Faculty of Agriculture
Plant protection Department
Dr. Salaheddin Alaraj
Biological Control (0606951)
Course Description
This course comprises the study of the philosophy and importance of
biological control and the obstacles which limit its application. It is also
covers the biology and impact of predators and parasites, including
different methods of importation, conservation, augmentation of release
of natural enemies. the role of biological control in IPM will be also
emphasized.
Contents
Introduction: Why use natural enemies; what are natural enemies
Strategies for Using Natural Enemies: Classical biological control;
Inoculative and inundative biological control; Conservation and
enhancement
Biological Control of Invertebrate Pests: Ecological basis for use of
predators, parasitoids and pathogens; Use of predators for biological
control; Insect parasitoids: attack by aliens; Parasitic nematodes;
Bacterial pathogens of invertebrates; Viral pathogens; Fungi and
microsporidia;
Biological Control of Weeds: Biology and ecology of agents used for
biological control of weeds; Phytophagous invertebrates; Plant pathogens
for controlling weeds;
Biological Control of Plant Pathogens and Plant Parasitic Nematodes:
Biology and ecology of antagonists; Microbial antagonists combating
plant pathogens and plant parasitic nematodes;
Biological Control: Concerns, Changes and Challenges: Safe biological
control; Present uses of biological control.
References
Bellows, T. S. and T. W. Fisher. 1999. Handbook of Biological Control:
Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Clausen, C.P. 1940. Entomophagous Insects. McGraw-Hill Book
Company, Inc. New York.
DeBach, P. and D. Rosen. 1991. Biological Control by Natural Enemies.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Huffaker, C. B. and P. S. Messenger. 1976. Theory and Practice of
Biological Control. Academic Press, New York.
Hajek, A. E. 2004. Natural Enemies: An Introduction to Biological
Control. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
van Driesche, R., Hoddle, M. and T. D. Center. 2008. Control of Pests
and Weeds by Natural Enemies. An Introduction to Biological Control.
Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
Grading
Grades will be based on two exams, participation quizzes and a term
paper
Mid exam
Presentation and term paper
Participation and quizzes
Final exam
30%
15%
15%
40%