Specialized cells, Cell Processes, and Energy - Study Guide
1) What is the benefit of being a multicellular
organism?
2) Why are cells so small?
3) How does the structure of a cell help with its
function (job)? What is the importance of stem
cells?
4) How are cells arranged in humans/animals?
1. What is the cell’s boundary from the environment?
2. What is the function of the cell membrane?
3. What are the channels and pumps embedded in the cell membrane composed of?
4. Define the following:
Diffusion -
Osmosis -
Facilitated diffusion -
Cell membrane -
Isotonic -
Hypertonic -
Hypotonic -
5. Why does diffusion occur?
6. Will molecules continue to move across the cell membrane when the concentration of
molecules is the same on both sides of the membrane?
7. Why do animal cells burst when surrounded by fresh water? Shrink in salt water?
8. How do cells take in food and water and eliminate wastes?
9. What would happen if the cell membrane became impermeable(stuff not able to get in or out)?
10. Suppose a cell were treated with chemicals that inhibit active transport. What would happen to
the cell?
11. Explain, in terms of osmosis, why a raisin placed in a cup of pure water overnight will puff up
with water.
12. What would happen to an animal cell with an internal environment of 0.8% if it were placed in a
salt solution with a concentration of 20%? Why?
13. A hypertonic salt solution has a higher concentration of solutes than a blood cell. Explain what
happened when a blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.
14. Compare the cell membrane to a barrier.
15. Describe what happens when sugar solutions with two different concentrations are placed on
opposite sides of a semi permeable membrane in a container.
16. Describe the division of labor and the importance of cell specialization
17. Know the equations for photosynthesis and respiration? How are they related?
18. What does photosynthesis do for a plant cell? What does respiration do for plant and animal
cells?
19. What is the difference between alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation?
Please know the following terms and be able to identify each using a diagram:
Diffusion:
Facilitated Diffusion:
Active Transport:
Passive Transport:
Define the following:
Osmosis:
Define each of the following solutions and be able to explain the effect each would have on a cell.
Hypotonic:
Hypertonic:
Isotonic:
Write the equation for photosynthesis?
What are the raw materials (what we start with)?
What are the products?
What organelle is chiefly responsible for this process?
Write the equation for respiration?
What are the raw materials (what we start with)?
What are the products?
What organelle is chiefly responsible for this process?
What is alcoholic fermentation? How is it beneficial to humans?
What is lactic acid fermentation? How is it beneficial to humans?