SOLUTIONS:
Name: ____________________________8 ____
OUTCOME #2: Investigate and describe the composition of fluids, and interpret the
behavior of materials in solution.
b• investigate the solubility of different materials, and describe their
concentration
d• relate the properties of mixtures and solutions to the particle model of matter
SOLUBLE means:
Able to dissolve into another substance.
INSOLUBLE means:
Unable to dissolve or break down into
another substance
Example: sugar in water
Example: rock in water
Particle theory why: sugar particles are more
attracted to the water particles then they are
to themselves.
Particle theory why: rock particles are more
attracted to themselves than they are to the
water particles.
SOLUTION is where two or more substances are
mixed together and they appears to be one.
Always CLEAR!!
PARTICLE THEORY made
WHY: up of
_SOLVENT__________: is the part that does
the dissolving.
Particle theory why:
The largest part of the solution. (water, oil
and alcohol)
WATER: is known as the
_UNIVERSAL___SOLVENT_____________
because it can dissolve most substances.
____SOLUTE___________: is the part
that gets dissolved into the solvent.
The smallest part or parts of a
solution. There can be more than
one solute.
EXAMPLES:
SUBSTANCE
Pop
Gold jewelry
Ocean water
Tap water
Air
SOLVENT
Water
Gold
Water
Water
Nitrogen
SOLUTE
Sugar, CO2, flavoring
Copper
Salts
Minerals
Oxygen, carbon dioxide
DILUTE SOLUTION:
CONCENTRATED SOLUTION:
Very little solute is dissolved into the
Lots of solute is dissolved into the solvent
solvent
ARE THESE THE BEST TO IDENTIFY A SOLUTION? NO
UNSATURATED SOLUTION:
SATURATED SOLUTION:
When the solvent can still dissolve more
When the solvent CANNOT dissolve any
solute
more solute
Recognized when solute is sitting at the
bottom of the container.
SATURATION POINT is _WHERE NOT MORE SOLUTE CAN DISOLVE INTO THE SOLVENT
SUPER SATURATED is when the solvent is heated, then saturated, then cooled—therefore
it can hold more solute in the solvent.
CONCENTRATIONS are used to tell you the exact amount of solute dissolved in a certain
amount of solvent. Example: 25g of salt/100g of water (25g/100g)
Which solution is the most concentrated? To compare you must convert each solution to
grams of solute/100mL of solvent!! (Set up a ratio, cross multiple and divide). Answer to
the 100th. Show your work!
Example:
10g of chocolate in
3g of sugar in 300mL
5g of maple syrup
50mL of water
of water
in 25mL of water
2.1g/15mL
2.1g = X
15mL 100
15X = 2.1 (100)
15X = 210
15X = 210
15
15
X= 14
X= 14g/100mL
Means there is 14
grams of solute in
100mL of solvent!