STAAR REVIEW 7
THE COLD WAR
ROOTS OF THE COLD WAR
*IDEOLOGICAL DIFFENCES: The _______________________ was________________________;
The U.S was a ______________________ based on free enterprise.
*SOVIET OCCUPATION OF _________________________________
The Soviet army occupied Eastern Europe at the end of _____________________ and set up
Local ___________________________________ governments.
*_______________________________ The Soviets cut-off Eastern Europe from Western Europe
-Division of ____________________________ (West and East)
-______________________________________ Soviets blockaded Berlin; US sent supplies
ATTEMPTS AT ________________________________ IN THE COLD WAR
*___________________________________ 1947: Sought to help ____________ and _________
Doctrine promised assistance to all free people resisting Communism
*___________________________________ 1948 U.S. gave economic aid to reduce appeal of Communism.
*CREATION OF _______________________ Alliance of U.S., Canada, and Western Europe.
Members pledged a common defense against aggression.
*___________________________________ Pact of Soviet satellites to counter threat of NATO
________________________ (1950-1953)
*CAUSE: Communist North Korea invaded South Korea to reunify the country
*HIGHLIGHTS: U.S. enters war under __________ resolution to defend South Korea
-___________________________ landing at Inchon in North Korea turned tide of war;Fearing invasion, China
entered war
-War ended as stalemate. ____________________ remain the same as before the war
-_____________________-_____________________ Controversy
Truman dismissed General MacArthur for wanting to use atomic weapons and for openly criticizing the
President
ARMS AND SPACE RACE
*_________________________________ U.S. tries to rely mainly on nuclear weapons for defense
Deterrent: Destructiveness of nuclear arms to act as prevention
*___________________________ (1957) Soviet launch of satellite sets off space race
COLD WAR AND AMERICAN SECURITY
*___________________________________________________(HUAC) looking for Communist spies
*__________________________________________________ (executed as Soviet spies)
*__________________________________________________ Confirm existence of Soviet spies
*___________________________________________________ “McCarthyism”—accuses Army
TRUMAN AND EISENHOWER 1945-1960
*________________________: Executive Order desegregating _____________________ ; ended
Unfair hiring practices for federal jobs (1948)
*DOMESTIC POLICY DEVELOPMENTS
-___________________________, _____________________ loans to help returning veterans buy homes and go to
college
-period of economic prosperity
-move to _________________________ by many Americans
*FOREIGN POLICY DEVELOPMENTS
-_____________________________________ extended containment policy to Middle East
KENNEDY AND JOHNSON PRESIDENCIES
*JOHN F. KENNED 1961-1963
-_________________________________ sent John Glenn into space
-_________________________________ young Americans help third world countries
-_________________________________ CIA sponsored attempt to overthrow Castro
-_________________________________ (1962) U.S. and Soviets face off over missiles; edge of war…
*LYNDON B. JOHSON 1963-1968
-___________________________ PROGRAMS
*__________________________ of 1964
*__________________________ of 1965
*__________________________ and aid to the cities
-change in immigration policy (___________________________ of 1965) fair quotas
-______________________________________
*______________________________________: Armstong and Aldrin land on moon (_________)
VIETNAM WAR
*CAUSES
-We enter to help _________________ so that they join _______________
-Fighting North Vietnamese who have help from Vietcong
-stay after French leave because of ______________________; one falls, more fall
*HIGHLIGHTS
-________________________________________________ (1964) ground troops
-________________________________________ (1968)—psychological turning point
-U.S. withdraw 1973
-Fall of _________________ 1975
*IMPACT
-large number of U.S. casualties
-Distrust of American leaders (______________________________ show Americans misled)
-War protest
-Led to passing of ______________________________ 48 hours to get approval for troops
RICHARD NIXON
*IMPERIAL PRESIDENCY: Growth in Presidential powers
*DOMESTIC POLICY
-Created _______________________________________
-_____________________________________________ (1973)
-Equal Rights Amendment Fails: ___________________________=critic of ERA
-Vice President __________________ resigns and _______________ is appointed
*FOREIGN POLICY
-Reopened relations with ___________________________ (1972)
-Followed _________________________ (easing tensions) with Soviet Union
*________________________________ CRISIS (1972)
-Bugging of Democratic National Headquarters
-Nixon claimed executive privilege
-_________________________________ reveal the President’s role
-______________________________ rather than go through impeachment
GERALD FORD 1974-1977

ONLY PRESIDENT ___________________________, NOT ELECTED

PARDONED NIXON (UNPOPULAR DECISION)

___________________ oil boycott (1973) over policy with _______________________
* ______________________________________ (1975) recognized postWW2 borders/respect for human rights
JIMMY CARTER 1977-1981
*______________________________________ = inflation and unemployment
* Created Department of Engery
* ______________________________________ Act (1973) money to poor inner city
*seeks morality in foreign policy
*_________________________________________ return zone to Panama
*_________________________________________ Israel and Egypt treaty
*_________________________________________ (1979) Americans held 444 days
RONALD REAGAN 1981-1989
*_________________________________________
-Reversed trend of large government
-Supply-side economics to end Stagflation
-Deregulation of many industries
-Tax cuts and cuts in domestic spending
*_________________________________________; First woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court (1981)
*People flee the ______________________________ for the _______________________________________
*Told Soviets to “TAKE DOWN THIS WALL” –BERLIN
*____________________________________________ Negotiated with Iran to free hostages; sold arms to Contras
GEORGE H.W. BUSH 1989-1993
* DOMESTIC POLICY: faced growing budget deficit; Civil unrest after _______________________ beating trial
__________________________________________________________________, 1990
*FOREIGN POLICY
-COLD WAR ENDS; ______________________________________ dissolves
-Invasion of _____________________________________________ ousting Manuel Noriega
-________________________________________________ taken down (1989)
-________________________________________________ U.S. forces sent to stop invasion of Kuwait by ______
-___________________________________________ Humanitarian airlift of food/supplies—troops sent in