Earth & Environmental Science Study Guide
Test Date: November 19
Vocabulary
Geology
Rock cycle
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Ridge-push
Mantle convection
Deposition
Foliation
Plate tectonics
Divergent fault
Convergent fault
Transform fault
Magma
Lava
Volcano
Epicenter
Lahar flow
Ash
Topics Covered
The Rock Cycle, Weathering, and Erosion
 Discuss the differences between the three main types of rock
 Identify variables that affect the rate of weathering
 Distinguish between physical and chemical weathering
Plate Tectonics
 Discuss evidence of continental drift
 Explain why continental drift was not accepted when it was first proposed
 Explain the process of seafloor spreading
 Explain the theory of plate tectonics
 Compare and contrast the three types of plate boundaries
 Summarize how convection in the mantle is related to the movements of
tectonic plates
Volcanoes
 Describe factors that affect magma formation
 Understand the difference between intrusive igneous rock bodies
 Compare and contrast different types of magma
 Describe the major parts of a volcano
 Compare and contrast shield, cinder-cone, and composite volcanoes
Earthquakes
 Describe how a seismometer works
 Explain how seismic waves have been used to determine the structure and
composition of Earth’s interior