England becomes Protestant
Henry VIII
 King of England
 Henry needed a male _______________, his father had become king after a civil war and he _______________________
a similar war would happen if he didn’t have a ______
He was married to Catherine of Aragon
 She was previously married to his ______________________, Henry VII, but he died young
 They also married young (15 and 16) and lived as brother and sister
 They were both ____________________________
 Henry VIII even wrote a book called “The Defense of Seven Sacraments.”
Defense of Seven Sacraments
 The Defense of Seven Sacraments defended the many ______________________ of the Catholic church that
were being attacked by the reformers as __________________________________ and repetitive
 This book earned Henry VIII the title of “___________________________ of the Faith”
Catherine of Aragon
 Catherine bore Henry many children.
 They were either still born or lived a ________________time.
 One daughter, ________________________, survived.
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Henry’s convinced his wife, 42, is too __________________ to have more children
He wanted to ____________________ her and find a younger wife, but the church law did not allow divorce
But, the pope could _____________the marriage if there was proof the marriage wasn’t legal in the first
place
Denied
 The pope ___________________ Henry’s annulment request because he didn’t want to _____________________
Catherine’s powerful nephew- Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor
Henry’s Solution
 Henry decides to ______________________ the problem himself
 He called Parliament into session and asked it to pass a set of laws _________________________the pope’s
_________________ in England
 This is known as Parliament Reformation
Separation from the Catholic Church
 He appointed Cardinal Wolsey to help him
 He asked (or ____________________________) his followers to take an _____________ of supremacy
 The Act of Supremacy made the English ____________________________ head of the Church of England.
 It was signed in 1534.
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Henry’s attitude becomes more _________________________over time
Originally, he did not intend to __________________________ the doctrines at all.
He just wanted to be the head of the church and not subject to the Pope’s authority.
Once the separation began, many reformers in England saw this as a welcome move
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These reformers closely followed the development of _______________________________ on mainland Europe
Anne Boleyn
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Henry VIII was in _______________ with Anne Boleyn—this gave him another ________________to pursue the
separation from Rome
Taking of Land and Churches
 Henry VIII ____________________ monastic lands and church wealth as the English Reformation ensued
 The monasteries were dissolved.
The land and wealth was passed out to Henry’s loyal _______________________________
 Many monasteries and abbeys fell into _____________________________ and ruin
 Their ruins inspired the Romantic poets of the early 19th century
 Other church buildings were ________________ when they became Protestant Churches
 Many churches suffer vandalism when their statues and windows are smashed in an anti-Catholic
reaction
Now back to the drama…Anne Boleyn
 Henry __________________________ Anne Boleyn in 1532
 They have a _____________________________, Elizabeth, in 1533
 Henry moves quickly to eliminate Anne when she gives birth to a still born son a year and a half later
 Anne was put on trial, and the accusations against her were solicited under torture.
 She left the baby Elizabeth who will eventually become England’s greatest Queen
4 More Wives
1. Jane Seymour
 Within ____________ hours of Anne Boleyn’s execution, Henry married Jane Seymour
 In 1537, Jane gave Henry a son- prince ___________________
 Jane __________________2 weeks after the birth due to complications during child birth
 Henry was extremely ___________________ and in love with her
2. Anne of Cleves
 Henry was impressed with the ______________________ of Anne of Cleves by Hans Holbein
 Henry had a contract drawn up, and married his 4th wife
 He was __________________________ with her appearance, and was now attracted to another young lady
 She was lucky- Henry simply divorced her after 7 months
3. Kathryn Howard
 16 days later, he married Kathryn Howard, Anne Boleyn’s ____________________
 Henry was 49, and she was 19
 Henry had gained a lot of ______________________ and was in a lot of pain, while she was a free spirit
 Less than a year into the marriage, rumors of her _________________________ began
 She was _____________________________and laid to rest near her cousin, Anne Boleyn
4, Katherine Parr
 Wife number 6 (and the _______________ one), Katherine Parr married Henry when she was 31
 Their marriage lasted for over 3 years and ended when Henry _________________ in 1547
After Henry VIII…
 After Henry’s death, all 3 children eventually rule creating religious _______________________
 Edward became king at age 9 and ruled just 6 years until he ________________ at age 15 from tuberculosis
 Edward’s oldest half-sister Mary ruled ________________
 ____________________________ rules the longest of all