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Acid: A compound that reacts with water to give off hydrogen ions (H+).
The hydrogen ions bond with the negative ends of water molecules
(H2O) so water becomes hydronium ions (+).
Hydronium ions are H3O+
Properties of Acids:
1. Acids create a sour taste in foods, like lemons.
2. Acids react with metals to produce hydrogen gas (H2).
3. Acids change the color of blue litmus paper to __________
4. Acids can be very corrosive, destroying metals and burning skin
through chemical action.
The Strength of Acids:
A. The strength of the acid depends on the concentration of
hydronium ions when it’s dissolved in water.
1. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid because HCl completely
dissolves into H+ and Cl- ions in water.
2. Which means all the H+ ions will bond with water molecules to
become hydronium ions (H3O+).
3. So, every HCl molecule dissolves in water to produce hydronium
ions and makes the concentration of hydronium ions high in
water.
1. Acetic acid found in vinegar is a weak acid because only some of the
acetic acid molecules (HC2H3O2) dissolves in water to become H+
and C2H3O2 ions.
2. So, only some of the hydrogen ions (H+) can bond with water to
make hydronium ions.
3. Therefore, the concentration of hydronium ions in the water is
much less, which makes acetic acid weak.
Page 188, 190:
Acid: A compound that reacts with water
to give off hydrogen ions (H+). The
hydrogen ions bond with the negative
ends of water molecules (H2O) so water
becomes hydronium ions (+).
Hydronium ions are H3O+
Properties of Acids:
1.Acids create a sour taste in foods,
like lemons.
2.Acids react with metals to produce
hydrogen gas (H2).
3. Acids change the color of blue
litmus paper to __________
4. Acids can be very corrosive,
destroying metals and burning skin
through chemical action.
The Strength of Acids:
A. The strength of the acid depends on
the concentration of hydronium ions
when it’s dissolved in water.
1. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a
strong acid because HCl
completely dissolves into H+ and
Cl- ions in water.
2. Which means all the H+ ions will
bond with water molecules to
become hydronium ions (H3O+).
3. So, every HCl molecule dissolves
in water to produce hydronium
ions and makes the
concentration of hydronium ions
high in water.
4. Acetic acid found in vinegar is a weak
acid because only some of the acetic
acid molecules (HC2H3O2) dissolves in
water to become H+ and C2H3O2
ions.
5. So, only some of the hydrogen ions
(H+) can bond with water to make
hydronium ions.
6. Therefore, the concentration of
hydronium ions in the water is much
less, which makes acetic acid weak.