Cell Cycle, Mitosis, DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation Success Criteria (TEST 5)
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The student should be able to describe each phase of the cell cycle and the function of that
phase of the cell cycle.
The student should be able to describe each phase of mitosis and the function of the stage in
mitosis.
The student should be able to describe the necessity of the cell cycle in growth and repair of an
organism.
Students will identify the shape of DNA as a double helix.
Students will identify the components of DNA, including parts of a nucleotide, sugar-phosphate
backbone, and hydrogen bonds.
Students will describe the Base-pairing rules, that the Base-pair rules apply to all organisms and
that the sequence of nucleotides determines the genetic code.
Students will describe the importance of the contributions of the following scientists in the
study of DNA: James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin and Edwin Chargaff.
Students will discuss and describe that genes are segments of DNA that specify protein
sequence and, in turn, an organism’s traits.
Student will describe that not all DNA segments specify proteins; some segments of DNA are
involved in regulation or structural functions or have no known apparent function.
Students will explain that components that make up the genetic code are common to all
organisms.
Students will define and describe the processes of transcription and translation.
Students will create models demonstrating the processes of transcription and translation.
Students will describe the role of transcription and translation in protein synthesis in
determining traits.
Students will identify the components of RNA and compare and contrast between the structure
and function of DNA and RNA.
Essential Vocabulary:
Cell division
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Chromosome
Chromatin
Cell cycle
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Centromere
Chromatid
Centriole
Cyclin
Growth factor
Apoptosis
Cancer
Tumor
Base pairing
Nucleotide
Double helix
Replication
DNA polymerase
RNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
transcription
translation
RNA polymerase
Intron
Exon
Polypeptide
Genetic code
Codon
Anticodon
Gene expression