KEY for Chapter 12 DNA and RNA
Section Review 12-2
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Separates
2,4
Base pairing
Original
New
Original
New
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C
B
A
Double helix
Watson and Crick
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12-3
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
transcription
polymerase
translation
anticodon
RNA single stranded, 3 kinds of RNA, has uracil and located in cytoplasm and nucleus; DNA is
double stranded, has thymine and is only in the nucleus
mRNA – transcription and translation, tRNA- translation and in the cytoplasm, rRNA – in the
ribososmes with proteins
less problems in the DNA leads to fewer mutation
arginine – tyrosine-serine
substitution mutation, different protein would be produced
12-4
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mutations
gene mutation
chromosomal mutation
deletion
duplication
inversion
translocation
hydrogen bond
nucleotide
10. sugar phosphate backbone
12-5
1. repressor binds when there is no lactose present
2. when lactose is present, the lactose binds with the repressor, as a result RNA polymerase can
bind to the gene and transcription occurs
3. individually
4. prokaryotic DNA has operons that act together ; eukaryotic DNA is individually expressed
5. more complex organisms increase cell specialization and increase gene regulation
6. different cells have the same DNA but cells only express a small portion of the DNA is expressed
7. allows E Coli to use lactose as food, uses multiple genes to produce multiple enzymes
8. promotor positions the RNA polymerase and is where transcription begins
9. embryonic genes that determine tissue differences
10. not many mutations or mutants did not live
Chapter Vocabulary Review
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tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
A
D
J
B
K
C
E
G
I
F
L
H
Nucleotide
Base pairing
Chromatin
mRNa
transcription
RNA polymerase
Exons
Translation
Anticodon
HOX genes