Name:
Date:
Period:
2.8 Traits and Adaptation
DO Now: Use your 2.4 Genetics 101 Notes to answer these questions.
1. What is a gene? Complete sentence: ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do genes have the instructions to make? _______________
3. How many proteins are made out of 1 gene? ________
4. What is a chromosome? Complete Sentence __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. How many chromosomes did you get from your mom? ______
6. How many chromosomes did you get from your dad? ______
7. How many chromosomes do you have in total? _______
8. How many copies of each chromosome do you have? ________
Learning
Goal
Standard
2.2 I can explain the relationship between DNA, proteins, genes, physical traits (like growth, hair color, and thumb
shape), and behavioral traits (like herding, migrating, and nest building)
2.4 I can explain how genetic behavior and physical traits help animals survive and reproduce.
MS-LS1-4 Use argument based on empirical and scientific reasoning to support an explanation for how characteristic
animal behaviors and specialized plant structures affect the probability of successful reproduction of animals and
plants respectively.
Agenda
Stations
1. Do Now. 2. Quick Review. 3. Class Notes. 4. Stations
Independent Station: 2.8 Heredity Educanon Video Direct Instruction: Flash Card Review.
Group Station:
Home
work
2.7 Heredity Webquest Due 11/17 and 11/18 (old)
2.8 Traits Webquest Due 11/17 and 11/18 (old)
2.8 Traits Educanon Notes Due End of Lesson 11/13 and 11/14
Quick
Genetics
Review
•
•
•
•
Heredity
Inquiry
Photo
1.
____________ is the study of heredity
____________ is how traits are passed down from parent to offspring.
____________ are characteristics of an offspring, like color or nose
shape
____________ are small sections of chromosomes that are responsible
for your traits (height, hair color etc.)
– Each gene codes for a _______________
Observe the kitten in the photo. Record the kitten’s fur colors and pattern.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Observe the mother cat. Record her fur colors and pattern.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Based on your observations, describe what you think the kitten’s
father might look like. Why do you think this?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Genetic
Observe the examples of genetic variation in the photos on the board.
Variatio What do you think genetic variation is?
n Inquiry ________________________________________________________________________________
Photo
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Review
How does your DNA control your traits?
Discussi ____________________________________________________________________
on
____________________________________________________________________
Question ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Notes
Name:
Date:
Period:
2.8 Traits and Adaptation
Review: DNA has the information to make proteins in the form of Genes. Genes are short
How
segments of DNA that have the coded information to make a protein. 1 gene is copied
does
into 1 RNA molecule in the nucleus. The RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to the
DNA
ribosome. The ribosome reads the RNA to make a protein following the directions.
control
Proteins are the workers of the cell and control how the cell functions. Everyone has
your
unique and different genes that make unique and different proteins that make their cells
cells
unique and function different from other peoples’ cells. The unique and different cells
work together to make everyone look and behave uniquely and differently.
Essential
1. How can parents with brown hair have a child with blonde hair?
question
2. Even though birds can’t talk to teach each other, how do birds know how to fly
s:
south in the winter and make a nest
3. Why are flowers so pretty and nice to smell?
What is
• ________________ is the passing down and
Heredity
inheritance of genes and traits.
– ______________________ means
receiving/getting from your
parents
– ______________________ is the
passing down and getting of
genes from parent to child
What is a • ________________: A feature or quality in a person. Can be
Trait?
a _________________________ trait (the way you look) or be a
__________________________ trait (the way you act).
• Each of us has a __________________ combination of traits
that make us __________________ or different
• Traits are determined by your genes and are passed
down from generation to generation
• We __________________ traits from our ____________________
and pass them down to our __________________________.
What is a • ____________________: Physical Characteristics. The way
Physical
you __________! You can see a lot of your physical traits.
Trait?
– Examples: _________ color, ______ color, ____________,
– Add 2 more unique examples of other traits:
1.
2.
What is a • ____________________________: characteristics of the way an animal ________. A lot of
behavioral
_________________. You can not see behavioral traits.
trait?
Examples: Aggressiveness, fear, shyness, outgoingness, herding and migrating
Notes
Name:
Are all
traits
good?
•
•
•
Adaptation
•
•
Genetic
Variation
•
•
•
Genetic
Variation
and
natural
selection
Natural
Selection
Date:
Period:
2.8 Traits and Adaptation
Most traits help the organism _________________________. (genes to make the heart, lungs,
and other important organs to survival)
Traits that help an animal survive are called _______________________. Animals with the
best adaptations will ___________________ and ____________ ________ their good ______________!
Not all traits are good
– Some traits hurt the organism (__________________________)
– Some traits do not __________________ (affect) the organism (eye color)
____________________: A trait that ___________ an animal to
survive in its environment and pass on their genes!
Some adaptations are only good in ___________________
environments!
• Think thick white polar bear fur for the
arctic. Will that be good in a warm forest?
Within a _____________________ of organisms (a bunch of the same species) there are
always slight __________________ in the ___________________ and ____________________ qualities
of individual organisms because every animal has ________________ _______________.
No two animals are ____________________ in ______________ or ___________________ because
every animal has ________________ ________________.
_____________________________________: The differences in traits of an animal in a
population because the differences in DNA and genes
Because of Genetic Variation, there are slight differences in the traits of individual
organisms in a population (every organism has a ____________ set of _______________ and
therefore a ________________ set of ___________)
• Animals with the _____________ version of these traits are most likely to _________________
and pass on their genes to their offspring.
• _____________________________ The selection of the _________ genes that give the best
_____________ to help a species for ___________________ over time. These good traits
become ________________________ for the species if they help the animal survive
better. This can lead to the ______________________ of a new species! (or just new
traits for all the organisms of the same species)
EVOLUTIO • __________________________ + __________________________ leads to ______________________
N
• ________________________ – the gradual change in the characteristics of a species over
time. Through _______________ ______________ of animals with ________ best traits, new
species can __________________ over time with new ________________________ for their
specific ___________________________.
Heredity Webquest: DIRECTIONS: Go to http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/inheritance/traits/ Use
the information in the webquest to answer the questions. Make sure you wear headphones and listen to
the narrator, while your read the information. Some questions are not fill in the blank. Read the entire
slide to learn the information and answer your question in complete sentences.
•
Notes
Name:
1. What is a trait?
Date:
2.8 Traits and Adaptation
A trait is a ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. How do we
inherit traits?
We inherit traits from our _________________________, and we ______________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. What are
physical traits?
Physical traits are __________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. What are
behavioral traits?
Behavioral traits are _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. What is a
predisposition to
a medical
condition?
6. What are some
examples of
predispositions to
medical
conditions?
7. What are the
two things that
defines our traits?
A predisposition to a medical condition is _______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. What can the
environment
sometimes do to a
trait?
9. What is the
genetic and
environmental
role on hair color,
a physical trait?
10. What is the
genetic and
environmental
role on retrievers
behavior traits?
11. What is the
genetic and
environmental
role on heart
disease
Period:
Some examples of such diseases include ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
The instructions encoded in ______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
But the non-genetic, or “_________________________.” Influences in our lives
are ____________________________________________________________________
Sometimes these environmental factors can ____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Genetics: ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Environment: ______________________________________________________________
Genetics: ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Environment: _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Genetics: ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Environment: _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Stop here! The rest of this webquest will be assigned when we learn about alleles! We are focused on heredity (passing
down genes) and the traits that your genes code for. Later we will learn the technical aspects of passing on DNA.
Summarize: Use
your notes and the
webquest!
What are physical
and behavior
traits? How do
genes and the
environment
impact your
physical and
behavioral triats
Physical traits are ________________________________________________________________________________
And behavioral traits are _______________________________________________________________________.
Your genes impact your traits because _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________. A good trait that helps you survive is called
an _______________________________ (notes). An example of a physical trait coded by your
genes is ________________________________________. The environment can impact this trait by ___
______________________________________________________. An example of a behavioral trait coded
by your genes is _________________________________________________. The enviornment can
impact this trait by ____________________________________________________. In conclusion, your
traits are controlled by two things, your ___________________ and the __________________________.
Notes