grs09/02/16
Water on the land
Aims: To demonstrate an understanding of the fluvial processes and the landforms associated
with them
Demonstrate an understanding of the work of a river in eroding, transporting and depositing. Reference should be made to the erosional processes of hydraulic
action, corrasion, corrosion (solution) and attrition. River transport should include the processes of traction, saltation, suspension and solution. Reasons why
and where in a river’s course deposition takes place should be studied. It should be realised that the effectiveness of the river processes concerned will vary
according to the volume and velocity of the running water and the nature of the load (boulders, pebbles, sand and silt) which, in turn, will be affected by the
bedrock along the course of the river.
• Describe and explain the landforms associated with these processes.
A study should be made of the following:
Forms of river valleys – long profile and shape in cross section, rapids, waterfalls, potholes, meanders,
oxbow lakes, deltas, levées and flood plains.
GEOACTIVE FILES FOR RIVERS
Key Questions
Suggested Pupil activities/methods
How do rivers,
through erosion
and
transportation,
develop
characteristic
landforms?
IT EX ON DRAINAGE BASIN AND WATER Text
66
CYCLE
Discuss the processes of transportation ;
traction, saltation, suspension and solution;
and vertical and lateral erosion;
attrition, abrasion, solution and hydraulic
action.
Relate processes to velocity.
Hjulstrom curve?
Rivers stores and flows
river from source to mouth
Resources
DVD
Misc
Rivers
GinP 2 P7
http://www.lalc.k12.ca.us/tar
get/units/river/riverweb.html
Time
1
grs09/02/16
How does the
profile of the
river change
downstream?
How are deltas
formed?
Draw the long (graded) profile and discuss
reasons for knick points.
Discuss the reasons for the changes in cross
section
map of Niagara
Examine the formation of V shaped valleys and
how they appear on maps.
Rapids, potholes
Explain with examples the formation of
waterfalls.
Case study: High Force and Niagara
Discuss the formation of a meander, showing
the areas of deposition and erosion and also the
position of maximum velocity. Identify river
cliffs and slip off slopes and the type of
deposits found. Note how the meander
“scrolls” across the valley and how the slip off
deposits “smear” the valley floor.
Discuss how ox bow lakes develop from a
meander, relate to areas of deposition and
erosion and maximum velocity.
Describe the processes, include cross section
Nile and Mississippi
ASSESSMENT
Sample question marks scheme
What processes
cause landforms
in highland
rivers?
How do rivers
form meanders
and ox bow
lakes?
68
Rivers
Use AS material
1
GeoA 16330
Und Geog Act P 43
2
2001 Arran map
Skills Paper 2010 23 qu 4
Und Geog 3.1
70
GinP HC 12 B River
channels and floodplains
Key Act 1.2
Und Geog Act P 44
Und Geog 3.2
1
2003 Perth Map
73
½
Key assess 1.2