Unit 2 Definitions… Copy over the definition, write a sentence and create a graphic
for each term.
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1
Term
Replication
Definition
The process of copying a DNA template strand.
2
Genetic code
Sequence of nucleotides that specifies the amino acid sequence of a protein.
3
Heredity
Transmission of genetic traits from parent(s) to offspring.
4
Gene
Section of a chromosome that code for a protein or RNA molecule.
5
Allele
An alternative form of a gene.
6
Chromosome
Structure made of DNA and associated proteins on which genes are located.
7
Trait
Asexual
reproduction
9 Sexual
reproduction
10 Gamete
Genetically determined feature that is expressed by an organism such as height
or hair color.
Reproduction that involves only one parent and results in genetically identical
offspring.
Reproduction in which gametes from opposite sexes or mating types unite to
form a zygote.
Haploid cell that participates in fertilization by fusing with another haploid cell.
11 Egg cell
Female sex cell.
12 Sperm
Male gamete.
8
13 Recombination The additional mixing of genetic material from gametes which results in a
unique combination of genes.
14 Mutation
Change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome.
15 Base-pairing
rules
16 Genetic
engineering
17 Selective
breeding
18 Expression
The rule stating that in DNA A on one strand always pairs with T on the
opposite strand and G always pairs with C.
Process of isolating a gene from the DNA of one organism and transferring it to
the DNA of another organism.
Breeding offspring with certain traits in hopes of producing offspring with
desirable traits.
Showing certain traits.
19 Insertion
Mutation that adds extra nucleotides to the genetic code.
20 Deletion
Mutation that omits nucleotides to the genetic code.
21 Substitution
Mutation that replaces certain nucleotides with other nucleotides in the genetic
code.
Biology Vocabulary Development
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