Cells and Heredity:
Name ________________________
Period _______________________
What are the functions for:
Cell Membrane - It controls and allows gases and nutrients to enter and leave the cell.
Cytoplasm – jellylike substances that holds the organelles
Nucleus – it controls the activities of the cell
Mitochondria – extracts energy from food, respiration occurs
Vacuole – storage compartment of cell
Ribosomes – synthesizes/makes proteins
Cell Wall – rigid support on the outside of plant cell
Chloroplast – organelle where the plant makes it food (photosynthesis)
Prokaryotic – No nucleus organism ( chromosomes are throughout the cell)
Eukaryotic - Nucleus in the organism (chromesomes are contained in the nucleus
What are the "things" that go into the equation for:
Photosynthesis 6C02 + 6 H20 + light energy_ ------> C6H1206 + 6O2
0rganelle where it takes place Chloroplast in Animal Cell /Plant Cell or Both
Respiration C6H1206 + 6O2 ---> _6C02 + 6 H20 + energy
0rganelle where respiration takes place _____Mitochondria Animal Cell /Plant Cell or Both
Heredity:
What is Heredity? Passage of inherited traits from generation to generation.
Chromosomes – the X structures in the cell that contains genetic information
DNA – the ladder like structure in the chromsomes that holds genes
Gene - found on the DNA and Chromosmes with genetic information
Dominate Gene – strong gene, written as a Capital letter…example B,D, T
Recessive Gene – the weaker gene, written as a lowercase letter, example b,d,t (must have both
recessive for trait to show.
Genotype – The letter combination one from male and one from female to represent trait. Example
BB,Bb or bb
Phenotype – the physical appearance of the trait… example brown hair
Inherited Traits – characteristics you get from parents
Acquired Traits – Learned behavior
Homozygous Genes –genes on genotypes are either both dominate or both recessive –BB, dd
Heterozygous Genes – genes on the genotypes – One is dominate and one is recessive – Dd, Bb