10
 VOCABULARY
TERM (B)
 evaporation
 condensation
 precipitation
 surface runoff
 erosion
 seepage
 infiltration
 percolation
 root-uptake
 transpiration
 surface storage
 standing-water
ecosystems
 channel runoff
 flowing-water
ecosystems
 subsurface flow
11
12
13
14
15
16
17







18
 estuaries
19




(F)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
exhalation
consumption
excretion
perspiration
osmosis
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
22
23
subduction
plate-tectonics
eruption
calcium carbonate
and hydrate
formation
 biomass storage
 ocean currents
24
 open ocean
25
26
 wave formation
 intertidal zone
27
 3 cell model
28
29
 wetlands
 coastal ocean
30
 coral reefs
20
21
(F) DEFINITION (part 1)
STATE of water (B)
RESERVOIR/location (B)
FORM of water
(B)
water vapor
freshwater
freshwater
freshwater
liquid water vaporizes to form atmospheric water
atmospheric water binds together to form water droplets/clouds/fogs/mists
atmospheric water binds together to form rain/snow/sleet/hail and falls due to gravity
excess water from rain and melting snow flows over the land
liquid  gas
gas liquid
gas liquid or solid
liquid
land or ocean atmosphere
atmosphere
atmosphere land or ocean
land
water from rain and melting snow enters the soil
liquid
land under the earth's surface
freshwater
(ground water)
water in the soil is absorbed by plants
water flows through plants and evaporates from leaves
water from rivers and streams forms ponds and lakes;
a type of freshwater ecosystems
liquid
liquid gas
liquid
land biomass
biomass atmosphere
land
freshwater
water vapor
freshwater
water from rain and melting snow flows in rivers and streams;
a type of freshwater ecosystems
liquid
land
freshwater
water flows under the earth's surface and forms aquifers
liquid
under the earth's surface  land or ocean
water is lost from the body as organisms breathe out
water is gained by the body as organisms drink or eat foods with high water content
water is lost from the body as organisms remove nitrogen wastes and feces
water is lost from the body as organisms produce sweat to lower their body temperatures
water enters and leaves the cell through the cell membrane due to diffusion
water is produced by the mitochondria as carbohydrates are "burned" to produce ATP
water is incorporated into carbohydrates by chloroplasts as light energy is used to form
organic molecules
type of wetlands formed when rivers meet the sea; contain constant mixture of fresh and
salt water affected by tides
water flows under the earth's crust as the oceanic plate is pulled under the continental
plate
water from under the earth's crust is released as steam through volcanoes
water is incorporated into substances such as shells, minerals, and crystals
liquid gas
liquid
liquid
liquid gas
liquid
organic compounds liquid
liquid organic compounds
biomass atmosphere
land biomass
biomass land or ocean
biomass atmosphere
biomass
biomass
biomass
liquid
ocean
freshwater
(ground water)
water vapor
freshwater
waste water
water vapor
freshwater
freshwater
organic
compounds
brackish water
liquid
ocean under the earth's crust
saltwater
gas
liquid inorganic compounds
under the earth's crust atmosphere
ocean ocean floor
freshwater
inorganic
compounds
water is stored in the bodies of organisms that live in arid ecosystems
flow of water caused by winds, unequal heating of earth’s surface and rotation of the
earth; ocean flows in clockwise direction north of the equator and in counter-clockwise
direction south of the equator, thus affecting weather and climate (affected by geographic
features of the ocean floor)
marine ecosystem that begins at the edge of the continental shelf; has low nutrient levels
and low productivity
water is moved by winds blowing over a vast stretch of ocean surface (not local winds)
marine ecosystem that is between the high tide and low tide marks (at the shore); has
zonation due to dominance of particular organisms in particular areas
flow of air (winds) which is caused by unequal heating of earth’s surface and rotation of
the earth; cold air near the poles and 30 sinks, then flows along the land, then rises at the
equator and 60, thus affecting weather and climate by forming wet zones and dry zones
(affected by geographic features such as mountains)
fresh water ecosystem in which water covers the soil: bogs, marshes, and swamps
marine ecosystem that is between the low tide mark and the edge of the continental shelf;
has high nutrient levels and high productivity
type of coastal ocean ecosystems found in warm tropical oceans; has low nutrient levels
but high productivity due to symbiosis between corals and algae
liquid
liquid
biomass
ocean
freshwater
saltwater
liquid
ocean
saltwater
liquid
liquid
ocean
ocean
saltwater
saltwater
gas  liquid or solid
atmosphere  land or ocean
water vapor
freshwater
liquid
liquid
land
ocean
freshwater
saltwater
liquid
ocean
saltwater
31
 benthic zone
32
33
 glacier formation
and ice calving
 upwelling
34
 rain shadow
35
 air currents
36
 thermohaline
circulation
37
 microclimate
38
 average residence
time
 AGOGRSA
39
 useable water
 SIFAB
40
 high heat capacity
of water
marine ecosystem that covers the ocean floor, may be photic or aphotic depending on
depth
permanent snow accumulates and forms dense ice that moves and then breaks into chunks
liquid
ocean
saltwater
solid
land ocean
freshwater
wind or geographic feature caused changes in ocean flow where cold nutrient rich water
rises to the surface replacing warm nutrient depleted surface water
geographic feature caused differences in rain pattern where mountains block the passage
of rain producing weather systems causing dry areas on the “away from the wind” side
flow of air (winds) which is caused by unequal heating of earth’s surface and rotation of
the earth; cold air near the poles and 30 sinks, then flows along the land, then rises at the
equator and 60, thus affecting weather and climate by forming east-prevailing winds and
west-prevailing winds (affected by geographic features such as mountains)
flow of water caused by winds, unequal heating of earth’s surface and rotation of the
earth; cold water near the poles sinks, then flows along the ocean bottom, then rises at
warmer regions, thus affecting weather and climate (affected by geographic features of
the ocean floor)
climate in an area that is different from the surrounding climate due to presence of
ponds/lakes/rivers (example: oasis)
average time a water molecule will spend in a specific reservoir
Antarctica = 20,000 years
Groundwater = 100 to 10,000 years
Oceans = 3,200 years
Glaciers = 20 to 100 years
Rivers = 2 to 6 months
Soil = 1 to 2 months
Atmosphere = 9 days
very little water on earth is freshwater and useable by people
saltwater = 96.5 %
ice (fresh water) = 1.8%
freshwater = 1.7 %
water in atmosphere = 0.001%
water in biomass = 0.0001%
water can absorb a large amount of heat without changing temperature; as a result, the
oceans are warmer in winter and cooler in summer; thus moderating the weather and
climate of nearby land
liquid
ocean
saltwater
gas  liquid
atmosphere  land
freshwater
gas  liquid or solid
atmosphere  land or ocean
water vapor
freshwater
liquid
ocean
saltwater
gas  liquid
atmosphere  land
gas  liquid  solid
gas  solid
land
under the earth's surface
ocean
atmosphere
water vapor
freshwater
freshwater
saltwater
water vapor
gas
liquid
solid
ocean
land
atmosphere
biomass
freshwater
saltwater
water vapor
liquid
ocean
saltwater