Name: _______________________________
1750-1900 KEY TERMS
____ / 50
1. _______ Pierre Toussaint L'overture
26. _______ Nationalism
2. _______ Karl Marx
27. _______ Trans-Siberian Railroad
3. _______ Communism
28. _______ Sick man of Europe
4. _______ Indian National Congress
29. _______ Declaration of the Rights of Man
5. _______ Communist Manifesto
30. _______ French Revolution
6. _______ Mohandas Gandhi
31. _______ British East India Company
7. _______ Muhammad Ali
32. _______ Tanzimat Reforms
8. _______ Russo-Japanese War
33. _______ Boxer Rebellion
9. _______ Napoleon Bonaparte
34. _______ Meiji Rebellion
10. _______ Mercantilism
35. _______ Wealth of Nations
11. _______ National Assembly
36. _______ Cecil Rhodes
12. _______ White Man’s Burden
37. _______ Social Darwinism
13. _______ Qing
38. _______ Berlin Conference
14. _______ Direct rule
39. _______ Young Turks
15. _______ Seneca Falls Conference
40. _______ Muslim League
16. _______ Reign of Terror
41. _______ Sepoy Mutiny
17. _______ Industrial Revolution
42. _______ Sphere of Influence
18. _______ Capitalism
43. _______ Miguel Hidalgo
19. _______ Proletariat
44. _______ Suez Canal
20. _______ Mechanization
45. _______ Bourgeoisie
21. _______ Louis XVI
46. _______ Simon Bolivar
22. _______ Taiping Rebellion
47. _______ Scramble for Africa
23. _______ Steam Engine
48. _______ Russification
24. _______ Indirect rule
49. _______ Opium Wars
25. _______ Crimean War
50. _______ Haitian Revolution
a.
French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and
demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789.
b. The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification
for their imperialist expansion.
c.
The application of machinery to manufacturing and other activities. Among the first processes to undergo this were the
spinning of cotton thread and the weaving of cloth in late-18th-and-early-19th-century England
d. An 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India
e.
Reform-minded Ottomans who took control of the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
f.
Born in 1853, played a major political and economic role in colonial South Africa. He was a British financier,
statesman, and empire builder with a philosophy of imperialism.
g. Series of reforms in the Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876: established Western-style universities, state postal
system, railways ,extensive legal reforms, and a new constitution in 1876
h. An organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided
into separate Muslim and Hindu nations
i.
Albanian soldier in the service of Turkey who was made viceroy of Egypt and took control away from the Ottoman
Empire and established Egypt as a modern state
j.
A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.
k. The working class. Predicted by Marx to rise up and overthrow the capitalist owners.
l.
A human-made waterway, which was opened in 1869, connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Route for
British from Egypt
m. The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young
leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism
n. A rebellion of traditionalist Chinese people who wanted to throw the foreigners out
o. Driving force of the industrial revolution that was invented by James Watt in the 1760’s. Turns the energy released by
burning fuel into motion.
p. The period, from mid-1793 to mid-1794, when Robespierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political
figures and ordinary citizens were executed
q. Educated, middle class of France; provided force behind the Revolution
r.
A French general, political leader, and emperor of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. After the French
Revolution he crowned himself emperor in 1804. He conquered much of Europe but lost two-thirds of his army in a
disastrous invasion of Russia.
s.
Economic system where power = wealth, so empires looked for colonies to supply natural resources and buy products,
increasing profit
t.
Massive Chinese rebellion that devastated much of the country between 1850 and 1864, and threatened to topple the
Qing; it was based on the Christian millenarian teachings of Hong Xiuquan
u. The revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic
privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799.
v. The process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian Empire, had to learn customs of Russians
and convert to Russian orthodox
w. Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern &
southern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain)
acquired lesser amounts.
x. System of colonial government in which the imperialist power controlled all levels of government and appointed its
own officials to govern the colony. France used this method of governance in West Africa.
y. Every country who wanted a part of Africa attended, and the continent was divided so no one would get into a conflict
over the land.
z.
Change from an agricultural to an industrial society and from home manufacturing to factory production, especially the
one that took place in England from about 1750 to about 1850.
aa. An economic system based on private ownership of capital
bb. Mexican priest who led peasants in call for independence and improved conditions
cc. The focusing of citizen's loyalty on the notion that they are a part of a nation with a unique culture, territory, and
destiny; First became a prominent element of political culture in the 19th century.
dd. War between Great Britain and China, began as a conflict over the drug trade, ended with the opening of 5 Chinese
ports to foreign merchants, and the grant of other commercial and diplomatic privileges
ee. Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French
Revolution.
ff. Leader of Indian National Congress, used non-violent protest to help gain Indian Independence
gg. Group formed by Hindu nationalist leaders of India in the late 1800's to gain greater democracy and eventual self-rule
from Britain
hh. A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being
ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
ii. Western Europe's unkind nickname for the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a name
based on the sultans' inability to prevent Western takeover of many regions and to deal with internal problems
jj. German journalist and philosopher, founder of the Marxist branch of socialism. He is known for two books: The
Communist Manifesto, and Das Kapital
kk. "The Black Napolean" and led the revolution in Haiti that defeated the French
ll. Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels which urges an uprising by workers to seize control of the factors of
production from the upper and middle classes
mm.
The first women's rights convention, held in 1848 in upstate New York
nn. A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the
political, social, and economic life in India for more than 200 years
oo. Constructed during the 1870s and 1880s to connect European Russia with the Pacific; increased the Russian role in
Asia.
pp. Last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty
China was ruled by the Manchu
qq. Toussaint l'Ouverture led this uprising in 1790. Resulted in the successful overthrow of French colonial rule and set up
the first black government in the Western Hemisphere. The US was reluctant to give full support to this republic led by
former slaves.
rr. Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian
expansion, Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans
ss. The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led
military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
tt. Colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status. Great Britain
used this method of control in most of their countries.
uu. A 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries' efforts to dominate Manchuria and
Korea
vv. This is the 18th century book written by Scottish economist Adam Smith in which he spells out the first modern
account of free market economies.
ww.Idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized