Watch this video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxoSUgIgQF0
There are three types of rocks. Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic.

Igneous Rocks
o Formed by magma, or lava, cooling down
o Examples: Granite, basalt
o Granite:
o Basalt:

Sedimentary Rocks
o Formed when sediments (small particles of rock from erosion and weathering)
settle at the bottom of an ocean, lake, or river. The sediments keep layering on top
of each other until the pressure from all the layers makes the sediments stick
together, forming a rock.
o There are 3 main types of sediments, sand, mud, and lime.
 Lime is small particles from shells and the skeletons from marine animals


When sand is compressed together it forms sandstone.
 Example: Lake Powell, Grand Canyon

When mud is compressed together it forms shale

When lime (small particles from skeletons of marine animals and shells) is
compressed together it forms limestone
Metamorphic Rocks
o Formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks come under extreme heat and
pressure
 Press your hands together as hard as you can. Can you feel the pressure
and the heat? Rub your hands together. Can you feel the heat? Your hands
are like the earth’s crust rubbing together to make extreme heat and
pressing down on the rocks to create extreme pressure.
 When igneous or sedimentary rocks come under extreme heat and pressure
they become metamorphic rocks

When granite (which is an igneous rock) comes under extreme heat and
pressure it becomes gneiss (pronounced the same way as the word “nice”)

When sandstone (which is a sedimentary rock) comes under extreme heat
and pressure it becomes quartzite

When shale (sedimentary) comes under extreme heat and pressure it
becomes slate

When limestone comes under extreme heat and pressure it becomes
marble
This flow chart shows the rock cycle.

Extreme heat and pressure
Igneous Rocks
Formed by cooling magma/lava
Example: Granite
Cooling magama
Weathering and erosion
Sedimentary Rocks
Formed from sediments that have
sunk to the bottom of an ocean,
lake, or river
Sand
Sandstone
Mud
Shale
Lime (particles of shells and bones
of marine animals)
Limestone
Extreme heat and pressure
Weathering and erosion
Cooling magma
Metamorphic Rocks
Formed when igneous or
sedimentary rocks come under
extreme heat and pressure
Granite
Gneiss
Sandstone
Quartzite
Shale
Slate
Limestone
Marble
This chart will be on your test.



The first column lists the 3 types of sediments we discussed, sand, mud, and lime
The second column lists what kind of sedimentary rocks those sediments create.
o Sand turns into sandstone, mud turns into shale, and lime turns into limestone
The third column lists what happens to those sedimentary rocks when they come under
extreme heat and pressure (turning into metamorphic rocks)
o Sandstone becomes quartzite, shale becomes slate, and limestone becomes marble
Sediments
Sand
Sedimentary Rocks
Sandstone
Metamorphic Rocks
Quartzite
Mud
Shale
Slate
Lime
Limestone
Marble
On your test the chart will look like this and you will have to fill in the missing spots:
Sediments
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Quartzite
Shale
Lime
Check out this website and power point presentation for more information and help:
http://www.mineralogy4kids.org/rock-cycle
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1dnaYrVImHWU3m__yTp7NMnuwwaED0pnYPISPHu
EypZE/edit?usp=sharing