University of Toronto
Department of Nutritional Sciences
NFS 490H1S INTERNATIONAL AND COMMUNITY NUTRITION
Winter 2014
Course Description
This course provides a foundation in public health nutrition, focuses on current issues in international
and community nutrition and considers relevant environmental, political, cultural, social as well as
physiological determinants of health. A selection of topics including assessment of nutritional status,
public health policies, obesity and chronic disease prevention, micronutrient deficiencies, maternal and
infant nutrition, aboriginal nutrition issues, and food security will be addressed. Examples of both global
and local approaches will highlight the complex considerations involved in addressing these issues.
Time and Location
Tuesday 9:10 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
OISE Room 5250
Course Instructors
JoAnne Arcand PhD, RD
Department of Nutritional Sciences
Joanne.arcand@utoronto.ca
Office: Rm 71, FitzGerald Building
Office Hours: Tuesday 1:00 to 3:00 pm
or by appointment
Dalia El Khoury PhD
Department of Nutritional Sciences
dalia.elkhoury@utoronto.ca
Office: Rm 432, FitzGerald Building
Office Hours: Tuesday 1:00 to 3:00 pm
or by appointment
Teaching Assistants
AntheaChristoforou
anthea.christoforou@mail.utoronto.ca
Muna Osman
muna.osman@mail.utoronto.ca
Course Objectives
This course is intended to provide an introduction to the fundamentals of public health in Canada and
abroad. The course material will promote an understanding of the complexity, significance and
interactionbetweenfood availability, dietary quality, acceptability, and food consumption behaviors, and
the potential health, nutritional and environmental consequences. Students will be exposed to a selection
of local and international programs and will begin to consider the ethical and efficacy issues associated
with planning, implementing and evaluating such approaches. Specifically, students will demonstrate
knowledge of:
 The public health system in Canada
 Difference between individual and population nutritional status
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Epidemiological methods for assessing the nutritional status of a population
The social determinants of health
The role of food policy in health and nutrition
Obesity and chronic disease prevention strategies
The epidemiological and nutrition transition in the developing world
The current state of local and global food security
Contributing factors and consequences of household food insecurity in Canada
Strategies for promoting community food security
Dietary quality and the global burden of malnutrition
Current strategies to manage and prevent micronutrient deficiencies
Optimal infant feeding practices and barriers to their successful implementation
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
- Describe the fundamentals of public health nutrition
- Identify the environmental, political, cultural, social and physiological determinants of health
- Use existing tools to assess the nutritional status of communities
- Explain public health policies
- Critical evaluate local and international programs to address complex nutritional issues
Course Schedule
Week
1
Date
Jan 7
Topic
Course Overview& Introduction to Public Health
Learning Objectives:
1) Define public health nutrition
2) Understand the need for community versus individual interventions
3) Describe the key steps in the public health nutrition cycle
4) Describe the public health system in Canada and internationally
Speaker(s)
J. Arcand
2
Jan
14
Assessing and identifying public health nutrition issues
Learning Objectives:
1) Identify indicators of nutritional status
2) Describe methods of assessing and monitoring of nutritional health
3) Understand how the food supply and diets are evaluated at a
population level
J. Arcand
3
4
Jan
21
Jan
28
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Guest Speaker: Beatrice Boucher, Cancer Care Ontario
“Practical applications of nutritional epidemiology at Cancer Care Ontario”
Determinants of Health
Learning Objectives:
1) Identify social, biologic, economic, and psychological determinants
of nutritional health
2) Define factors affecting food choice
Guest Lecturer: Brian Cook, Toronto Public Health
“Cities, Public Health, and Sustainable Food Systems”
Public Health Policies and Interventions
Learning Objectives:
1) Define public health policy
2
Beatrice Boucher
J. Arcand
Brian Cook
J. Arcand
2) Understand the public health policy process and how politics can
impact the process
3) Identify policy tools/levers that can be implemented to improve
public health
Mary L’Abbe
Guest Speaker: Mary L’Abbe, University of Toronto
“Food and nutrition policy-making in the federal government”
5
Feb
4
Deadline: Groups to submit 3 proposed assignment topics.
Nutritional Interventions to promote public health: Chronic diseases
Learning Objectives:
1) Identify priority interventions to address chronic diseases
2) Identify interventions to address chronic diseases and chronic
disease risk factors
3) Define nutrition transition
Guest Lecturer: Mary Scourboutakos, Dept of Nutritional Sciences,
University of Toronto “Nutritional quality of foods served in restaurants”
J. Arcand
Mary
Scourboutakos
Loren
Vandenlinden
Guest Lecturer: Lauren Vandenlinden, Toronto Public Health “Proposed
menu labelling interventions for the City of Toronto”
6
7
8
9
Feb
11
Feb
18
Feb
25
Mar
4
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Term Test
J. Arcand & D. El
Khoury
Reading Week – no class!
Nutritional interventions to promote health: lifecycle considerations
(Nutrition during pregnancy and infancy)
Learning Objectives:
1) Understand the role of nutrition during pregnancy
2) Define the nutritional needs and growth status in infancy
3) Understand the development origins of health and diseases
4) Define breastfeeding and infant feeding recommendations
5) Assess common nutrition-related concerns
a. Micronutrient deficiencies in mothers
b. AIDS/HIV and nutrition: implications for breastfeeding,
child mortality and food security
6) Identify the nutritional interventions that need to be integrated into
the health system to improve the health status of mothers and
infants
Guest lecturer: Diane Birch, RD; Public Health Dietitian, Healthiest Babies
Possible; Toronto Public Health
“Challenges to Making Healthy Babies. How the Healthiest Babies Possible
works to overcome these challenges.”
Nutritional interventions to promote health: lifecycle considerations
(Continued) (Nutrition in childhood and adolescence)
Learning Objectives:
1) Define the determinants of eating habits and behaviors of children
and adolescents
2) Understand the double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition
during childhood and adolescence
3) Identify common micronutrient deficiencies among the youth
4) Identify supplementation and nutrition education programs to
3
D. El Khoury
Diane Birch
D. El Khoury
Sielen Rauofi
ameliorate the health conditions of children and adolescents
10
Mar
11
11
Mar
18
12
Mar
25
Guest lecturer: Sielen Raoufi, MHSc, RD; Consultant, Nutrition Promotion;
Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention; Toronto Public Health
“School Nutrition Programs and Policies”
Nutritional needs and health status of special populations
Learning Objectives:
1) Define the nutritional status, nutrition assessment methods and
nutritional services and programs to promote healthy aging and
mental health
2) Understand the interactions of nutrition with infectious diseases
3) Define the nutritional status and problems and the health conditions
of Aboriginal populations
Guest lecturer: Amanda Sheppard, PhD; Assistant Professor; Dalla Lana
School of Public Health, University of Toronto
“The biological and sociocultural determinants of Aboriginal health in
Canada”
Improving population nutrition/health through agriculture
Learning Objectives:
1) Understand world food distribution
2) Define the impact of agricultural and economic development on
human nutrition
3) Identify agricultural interventions to improve population nutrition and
health
a. Food fortification programs
Poverty and Food security
Learning Objectives:
1) Understand world hunger and undernutrition
2) Define household food insecurity in Canada and developing
countries
3) Identify the nutritional challenges of refugees/displaced populations
4) Define food distribution programs and international food aid to
tackle world food insecurity
D. El Khoury
Amanda
Sheppard
D. El Khoury
D. El Khoury
Valerie Tarasuk
Guest Speaker: Valerie Tarasuk, PhD; Professor; Department of Nutritional
Sciences, University of Toronto
“Food insecurity in Canada”
Assignments Due
13
April
1
Class presentations
J. Arcand & D. El
Khoury
Reference Materials
There is no assigned textbook for this course. Links to readings found in e-journals, e-books, and other
resources are posted on the course website (see “Course Readings” on the Blackboard course menu).
Any reading not available on-line will be available in Short-Term Loan at the Gerstein Science and
Information Library. Additional readings may be assigned from time to time during the course. An
additional list of supplementary readings will also be made available, for those who wish to learn more
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about a topic. Supplementary readings will be helpful for completing assignments. Students are
responsible for all readings, audiovisuals and other material covered in class unless otherwise instructed.
Evaluation
1. Pop Quizzes (15%)
Pop quizzes might be given at the beginning of the class, and will cover materials (readings and lecture
material) from the previous week. Each student is expected to come to class prepared, and
knowledgeable about all materials given in the previous class session.
2. Participation in In-Class Activities and Questions (10%)
In order to encourage class participation, students will be given different forms of in-class assignments
and group activities, that will be graded either individually or in group depending on the type of the
assignment.
3. Term Test (30%)
A term test will be given on February 11 2014, covering the materials of the first 5 lectures. The term
test will assess understanding of the foundational concepts in public health and community nutrition.
4. Group Assignment (30%)
In groups of 6, students will be asked to prepare a report to describe a public health issue, current
policies and programs in place to address the issue, and a new policy or program that could be
developed. The group will propose three assignment topics, and the instructor will select and approve
one topic per group. Each team is required to submit their 3 proposed assignment topic ideas on January
28 2014, for selection of one topic and approval by the instructor. Students are expected to work
together in their teams to prepare the assignment. Each group is required to submit a hard copy of the
report by March 25 2014 at the beginning of class, and an electronic copy on that same date using the
Blackboard course website. A guiding document including further details on the group assignment will
be provided separately. 85% of the grade will be based on the written report, and 15% from peerassessed group participation.
5. Group Oral Presentation of Assignments (15%)
In addition to the report, students will be asked to summarize their report to their classmates using a 15min oral presentation on April 1 2014. Each member of the team is expected to equally contribute to the
preparation of the presentation, and participate in the delivery of the presentation. Students will be asked
to evaluate their peers for the content of the presentation and their presentation skills, using specific peer
evaluation forms. 65% of the grade will go for instructor evaluation, and 35% for class peer evaluation.
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Class Policies
Policy Regarding Assignment, Pop Quizzes and Term Test Re-Reads and ReMarking:
If you find any addition or calculation errors in your assignment grade, please show this to the instructor
as soon as possible. These errors can be corrected quickly.
If you have more substantive concerns about the grading of your assignment, you may request a re-read
but you must follow precisely the instructions below:
We will take questions regarding re-marking assignments, quizzes and term tests 48 hours after
distribution of marks. Re-marking only will be discussed during office hours. Submit the original hard
copy and marking rubric to the Instructor at least 24 hours prior to meeting with the Instructor. Indicate
your concerns in writing on a separate sheet of paper. If you feel you were not given credit for an idea,
clearly highlight or underline the sentences in your assignment that express these ideas and explain why
you think you merit additional credit. The instructors will not do the re-read if this procedure has not
been followed. Your mark can go up, down, or stay the same. Please note that the higher your original
mark (especially marks >80%), the less likely an upward adjustment in your mark will occur. The
instructors’ decision is final.
Deadlines for rereads: One week after assignments are returned, unless otherwise indicated.
Email
We will aim to reply to your email within two business days. Please use email communication to discuss
administrative issues, or if you have a brief question regarding the course material. For all else, please
come speak with the instructors during office hours.
Late Penalties and Extensions
A lateness penalty will apply to overdue course work and will include a5% reduction in the final mark
for each day of lateness, including weekend days. Assignments submitted on the due date, but after
class, will receive a one-day late penalty. Late assignments should be dropped off in Room 316,
FitzGerald Building. Please have one of the office staff stamp late assignments with the date received.
Extensions on due dates will be granted only on the basis of appropriate documentation such as a
medical certificate. Late presentations will not be permitted without prior consent of the instructor(s).
Academic Honesty
Academic honesty is a serious offense and will be dealt with accordingly. Most cases of plagiarism are
unintentional. That is, they occur because students 1) do not use correct citation methods; 2) “cut and
paste” material from sources then either neglect to use quotation marks or do not paraphrase and cite
properly; 3) leave assignments to the last minute and do not check material for possible plagiarism.
Whether intentional or unintentional, the penalties for plagiarism remain the same. Students are
expected to adhere to university regulations regarding academic honesty. For details regarding academic
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offenses, students should refer to the “ Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters” at:
www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies
Students should also refer to the handout “How Not to Plagiarize” by Margaret Proctor, Ph.D.,
Coordinator of Writing Support, University of Toronto available at:
www.wrditing.utoronto.ca/advice/using-sources/how-not-to-plagiarize
University of Toronto Accessibility Policies
All students with the stated pre-requisites are welcome in this course on a first- come, first- serve basis,
space permitting. If you require accommodation for a disability or health need, please contact the
instructor or Accessibility Services as soon as possible. Staff at Accessibility Services is available by
appointment to assess specific needs, provide referrals and arrange for appropriate accommodations. The
sooner you let them and/or the instructor know your needs, the sooner you will be assisted.
www.accessibilitgy.utoronto.ca
Print Double-Sided Initiative
In support of the Print Double-sided Initiative launched at the University of Toronto in June 2009, you
are asked to please conserve paper by printing all assignments double-sided. For instructions, go to
http://printdoublesided.sa.utoronto.ca/
COURSE READINGS
WEEK 1: Introduction to Public Health (Jan 7)
Required:
Margetts BM. “Chapter 1: An Overview of Public Health Nutrition”. pp. 1-25. Edited by Gibney MJ,
Margetts BM, Kearney JM, Arab L. “In: Public Health Nutrition. Blackwell Sciences Limited, Oxford.
2004.
http://lib.myilibrary.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/Open.aspx?id=447102
Butler-Jones D.The Chief Public Health Officer’s Report on the State of Public Health in Canada,
2008.Ottawa, Canada.Public Health Agency of Canada. 2008. Read Executive Summary, Chapter 1 and
Chapter 2 (report pages 1-9 are required; pages 10-17 contain interesting material but are
supplementary).
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/2008/cphorsphc-respcacsp/pdf/CPHO-Report-e.pdf
What is the population health approach?(webpage). Public Health Agency of Canada.Accessed: Dec 18,
2013. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/approach-approche/appr-eng.php#history
Supplementary:
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Reynolds KD, Klepp KI, Yaroch AL. “Chapter 5: Public Health Nutrition Strategies for Intervention at
the ecological level”. pp 106-119. Edited by Gibney MJ, Margetts BM, Kearney JM, Arab L. “In:
Public Health Nutrition. Blackwell Sciences Limited, Oxford. 2004.
http://lib.myilibrary.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/Open.aspx?id=447102
Population and Public Health Branch Strategic Policy Directorate.The Population Health Template: Key
Elements and Actions ThatDefine A Population Health Approach. Health Canada. 2001. (This
Department now exists as the Public Health Agency of Canada).
Deber RB, Millan K, Shapiro H, McDougall CW. A cautionary tale of downloading public health in
Ontario: What does it say about the need for national standards for more than just doctors and hospitals?
Healthcare Policy.2006 Nov;2(2):60-75.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2585438/pdf/policy-02-60.pdf
(Instructor note: this paper contains some information and perspectives on public health systems)
WEEK 2: Assessing and identifying public health nutrition issues (Jan 14)
Required:
Patterson RE and Pietinen P. “Chapter 3: Assessment of Nutritional Status in Individuals and
Populations”. pp. 66-82. Edited by Gibney MJ, Margetts BM, Kearney JM, Arab L. “In: Public Health
Nutrition. Blackwell Sciences Limited, Oxford. 2004.
http://lib.myilibrary.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/Open.aspx?id=447102
Fischer PWF, Vigneault M, Huang R, Arvaniti K, Roach P. Sodium Sources in the Canadian Diet.
ApplPhysiolNutrMetab.2009;34(5):884-92.
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/H09-077
Barr SI. Introduction to the Dietary Reference Intakes.ApplPhysiolNutrMetab.2006;31(1):615.http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/h05-019
Supplementary
Ramage-Morin PL and Garriguet D. Nutritional risk among older Canadians. Statistics Canada. Health
Reports. March 2013. Catalogue no. 82-003-X.
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-003-x/2013003/article/11773-eng.htm
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Canadian Community Health Survey Methodology (webpage)
http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=3226&Item_Id=144171&lang=
en
WEEK 3: Determinants of Health (Jan 18)
Raine KD. Determinants of healthy eating in Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health
2005;96(supplement 3):S8-S14.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/331612
Mikkonen J, Raphael D. Social Determinants of Health: The Canadian Facts. Toronto: York University
School of Health Policy and Management. http://www.thecanadianfacts.org/The_Canadian_Facts.pdf
Cox DN and Anderson AS. “Chapter 8: Food Choice”. pp144-166. Edited by Gibney MJ, Margetts BM,
Kearney JM, Arab L. In: Public Health Nutrition. Blackwell Sciences Limited, Oxford. 2004.
http://lib.myilibrary.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/Open.aspx?id=447102
Supplementary
Richard Wilkinson “How economic inequality harms societies”. Ted Talks.
http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_wilkinson.html
Raphael D (Ed). Introduction to the social determinants of health. In: Social Determinants of Health,
2004; pp. 1-8.
One copy in Course Reserve at Gerstein
World Health Organization: Closing the gap in a generation: Health Equity through action on the social
determinants of health (Executive Summary). 2008
http://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/en/index.html
WEEK 4: Public Health Policies and Interventions (Feb 4)
Required:
Story M, Kaphingst KM, Robinson-O’Brien R, Glanz K. Creating Healthy Food and Eating
Environments: Policy and Environmental Approaches. Ann Rev Public Health 2008; 29:253-72.
http://resolver.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/resolve/01637525/v29inone/253_chfaeep
aea
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Bemelmans-Videc ML, Rist RC, Vedung E. Chapter 1: “Policy Instruments: Typologies and Theories”
pp.21-58 In: Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation. Transaction
Publishers, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Campbell NRC, Willis KJ, L’Abbe M, Strang R, Young E. Canadian initiatives to reduce dietary
sodium. Nutrients. 2011, 3(8), 756-764.
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/3/8/756
Supplementary:
Bemelmans-Videc ML, Rist RC, Vedung E. Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their
Evaluation. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Chapter 2: The Stick: Regulation as a Tool of Government pp.59-76
Chapter 3: The Carrot: Subsidies as a tool of Government – Theory and Practice pp.77-101
Chapter 4: The Sermon: Information Programs in the Public Policy Process- Choice, Effects and
Evaluation pp.103-128
(Instructors note: I have made these Chapters (2-4), in Carrots, Sticks and Sermons, supplementary
to limit the volume of reading. However, these chapters will teach you unique and interesting
persepctives on policy approaches that will be very useful for the assignment. You will develop greater
knowledge and context so that you can better critically assess existing policies and creatively suggest
a new policy.)
Blanck HM, Kim SA. Creating Supportive Nutrition Environments for Population Health Impact and
Health Equity An Overview of the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network’s
Efforts. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(3S2):S85–S90.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407532
WEEK 5: Nutritional Interventions to promote public health: Chronic diseases (Feb 11)
Required:
Beaglehole R, Bonita R, Horton R et al. Priority actions for the non-communicable disease crisis.
Lancet. 2011;377(9775):1438-1447.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407540
Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng. SW. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing
countries. Nutr Rev. 2012. 70(1):3-21.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/408487
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WEEK 8: Nutrition during pregnancy and infancy (Feb 25):
Required:
Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Mathers C, Rivera J; Maternal and
Child Undernutrition Study Group.Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and
health consequences. Lancet. 2008 Jan 19;371(9608):243-60.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/331869
Uauy R, Kain J, Corvalan C. How can the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)
hypothesis contribute to improving health in developing countries? Am J ClinNutr. 2011 Dec;94(6
Suppl):1759S-1764S.
http://ajcn.nutrition.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/content/94/6_Suppl/1759S.full
Jackson DJ, Goga AE, Doherty T, Chopra M.An update on HIV and infant feeding issues in developed
and developing countries.JObstetGynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2009 Mar-Apr;38(2):219-29.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407550
Supplementary:
James DC, Lessen R; American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association:
promoting and supporting breastfeeding.J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Nov;109(11):1926-42.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/331870
Yang Z, Huffman SL.Nutrition in pregnancy and early childhood and associations with obesity in
developing countries.Matern Child Nutr. 2013 Jan; 9Suppl 1:105-19.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407552
WEEK 9: Nutrition in childhood and adolescence (Mar 4)
Required:
Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, Bhutta ZA, Christian P, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Grantham-McGregor
S, Katz J, Martorell R, Uauy R; Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group. Maternal and child
undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013 Aug
3;382(9890):427-51.
http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/tmp/3380935010897782102.pdf
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Boy E, Mannar V, Pandav C, de Benoist B, Viteri F, Fontaine O, Hotz C. Achievements, challenges, and
promising new approaches in vitamin and mineral deficiency control.Nutr Rev. 2009 May;67Suppl
1:S24-30.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407554
Zlotkin SH, Schauer C, Christofides A, Sharieff W, Tondeur MC, Hyder SM. Micronutrient sprinkles to
control childhood anaemia. PLoS Med. 2005 Jan;2(1):e1.
http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0020001
Supplementary:
Prentice A, Schoenmakers I, Laskey MA, de Bono S, Ginty F, Goldberg GR. Nutrition and bone growth
and development.ProcNutr Soc. 2006 Nov;65(4):348-60.
http://dx.doi.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/10.1079/PNS2006519
Sauvant P, Féart C, Atgié C. Vitamin A supply to mothers and children: challenges and opportunities.
CurrOpinClinNutrMetab Care. 2012 May;15(3):310-4.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407558
WEEK 10: Nutritional needs and health status of special populations (Mar 11)
Required:
Krawinkel MB. Interaction of nutrition and infections globally: an overview. Ann NutrMetab.
2012;61Suppl 1:39-45.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407559
Jyrkkä J, Mursu J, Enlund H, Lönnroos E. Polypharmacy and nutritional status in elderly
people.CurrOpinClinNutrMetab Care. 2012 Jan;15(1):1-6.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407560
Willows ND, Hanley AJ, Delormier T. A socioecological framework to understand weight-related issues
in Aboriginal children in Canada.ApplPhysiolNutrMetab. 2012 Feb;37(1):1-13.
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/h11-128
Supplementary:
de Groot CP, van Staveren WA. Nutritional concerns, health and survival in old age.Biogerontology.
2010 Oct;11(5):597-602.
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http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407562
Prentice AM. Iron metabolism, malaria, and other infections: what is all the fuss about?JNutr. 2008
Dec;138(12):2537-41.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407562
WEEK 11: Improving population nutrition/health through agriculture (Mar 18)
Required:
Dangour AD, Green R, Häsler B, Rushton J, Shankar B, Waage J. Linking agriculture and health in lowand middle-income countries: an interdisciplinary research agenda.ProcNutr Soc. 2012 May;71(2):2228. http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407564
Nathoo T, Holmes CP, Ostry A. An analysis of the development of Canadian food fortification policies:
the case of vitamin B. Health Promot Int. 2005 Dec;20(4):375-82.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/331882
The NGO Food Security Program Effectiveness Group.Making the connections: small-scale agriculture,
food security and nutrition.Research into the effectiveness of sustainable agriculture projects. Retrieved
from
http://www.healthbridge.ca/making_the_connections1.pdf
Supplementary:
Simopoulos AP, Bourne PG, Faergeman O. Bellagio report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition,
healthy people.Nutrients. 2013 Feb 5;5(2):411-23.
http://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/pmc/articles/PMC3635202/pdf/nutrients-0500411.pdf
Zeigler RS, Mohanty S. Support for international agricultural research: current status and future
challenges. N Biotechnol. 2010 Nov 30;27(5):565-72.
http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/407570
WEEK 12: Poverty and Food security (Mar 25)
Required:
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Tarasuk, V, Mitchell, A, Dachner, N. Research to identify policy options to reduce food insecurity
(PROOF). 2013. Household food insecurity in Canada 2011. Retrieved from
http://nutritionalsciences.lamp.utoronto.ca/
Tabbaa D, Seimenis A. Population displacements as a risk factor for the emergence of epidemics.Vet
Ital. 2013 Jan-Mar;49(1):19-23.
http://www.izs.it/vet_italiana/2013/49_1/19.pdf
Findlay LC, Langlois KA, KohenDE.Hunger among Inuit children in Canada.Int J Circumpolar Health.
2013 Apr 23;72.
http://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/pmc/articles/PMC3634966/pdf/IJCH-7220324.pdf
Supplementary:
deOnis M, Dewey KG, Borghi E, Onyango AW, Blössner M, Daelmans B, Piwoz E, Branca F. The
World Health Organization's global target for reducing childhood stunting by 2025: rationale and
proposed actions. Matern Child Nutr. 2013 Sep;9Suppl 2:6-26.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/doi/10.1111/mcn.12075/abstract
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