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Classifying Matter
By Camryn Goldstein and Molly Shulan
Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass
o Three states of matter: solid, liquid, gas (plasma too but we didn’t
cover that)
Pure Substance: form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct
properties
Mixture: combination of two or more substances in which the substances
retain their own identities.
o mixtures can usually be separated
o some types are:
 homogenous: composition of the mixture is the same
throughout.
 heterogenous: composition is not uniform throughout.
 solution: mixture that remains uniformly mixed
 solute: part of the mixture that gets dissolved
 solvent: part of the mixture that does the dissolving
 suspension: mixture where visible particles settle
 colloid: mixture where particles are unevenly distributed but
do not separate
Element:
o all atoms are the same
o cannot be broken down by physical or chemical means
Compound
o 2 or more elements combined
o Cannot be broken down by physical means
o Can be broken down by chemical means
Physical property: characteristic that can be observed or measured without
changing the identity of the substance.
o Intensive: INDEPENDENT of amount of matter present (sample
size)
o Extensive: DEPENDENT on the amount of matter present (sample
size)
Chemical property: a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform
it into different substances
Physical change: change in a substance that does not involve a change in
the identity of the substance.
Chemical change: change in which one or more substances are converted
into different substances
Worksheet:
1.
Material
Pure Substance Element, Compound,
or Mixture
Homogeneous, Heterogeneous
concrete
water (H2O)
iron filings (Fe)
limestone (CaCO3)
orange juice (w/pulp)
Ocean
Baking Soda (NaHCO3)
chex mix
magnesium (Mg)
2. In a compound the (atoms/molecules) are (chemically/physically) combined so
that the elements that make up the compound (retain/lose) their identities and
(do/do not) take on a new set of properties.
3. (True/False) An element can be broken down into a simpler substance.
4. (True/False) A solvent is found inside a solute.
5. The smallest identifiable unit of an element is a(n) ________.
6. (True/False) In a colloid, the particles can be easily separated.
7. How would you separate sand and water?
8. How would you separate a mixture of sugar and water?
9.
Change
Salt dissolves in water
A piece of copper is cut in half
Sodium and potassium react with water
Paper burns
A tire is inflated with air
Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
Iron rusts
Physical change Chemical Change
Answer Key:
1.
Material
Pure Substance Element, Compound,
or Mixture
Homogeneous, Heterogeneous
concrete
Mixture
Heterogeneous
pure water (H2O)
Pure Substance
Compound
iron filings (Fe)
Pure Substance
Element
limestone (CaCO3)
Pure Substance
Element
orange juice (w/pulp)
Mixture
Heterogeneous
Ocean
Mixture
Heterogeneous
Baking Soda (NaHCO3) Pure Substance
Compound
Chex Mix
Mixture
Heterogeneous
Magnesium (Mg)
Pure Substance
Element
2. In a compound the (atoms/molecules) are (chemically/physically) combined so
that the elements that make up the compound (retain/lose) their identities and
(do/do not) take on a new set of properties.
3. (True/False) An element can be broken down into a simpler substance.
4. (True/False) A solvent is found inside a solute.
5. The smallest identifiable unit of an element is a(n) atom.
6. (True/False) In a colloid, the particles can be easily separated.
7. How would you separate sand and water?
Filter the mixture with a funnel with filter paper. Water will flow through the
filter but the sand will be trapped by the filter paper.
8. How would you separate a mixture of sugar and water?
In order to separate this mixture, you could use two different methods. The
first method would be to pour the mixture into an evaporating dish and to
leave the dish near a window sill. The water will evaporate over a period of
time, leaving only the sugar. Another way to separate this mixture would be to
pour it into a test tube and heat the mixture over a bunsen burner. The water
would be heated (or evaporated) away and the sugar would be left.
9.
Change
Physical change Chemical Change
Salt dissolves in water
X
A piece of copper is cut in half
X
Sodium and potassium react with water
X
Paper burns
X
A tire is inflated with air
X
Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
X
Iron rusts
X