CHEM 102 Instructional Objectives
CHAPTER 15. Acids and Bases
TABLE OF CONTENT
15.1 Heartburn 659
15.2 The Nature of Acids and Bases 660
15.3 Definitions of Acids and Bases 662
15.4 Acid Strength and the Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka) 665
15.5 Autoionization of Water and pH 668
15.6 Finding the and pH of Strong and Weak Acid Solutions 673
15.7 Base Solutions 682
15.8 The Acid–Base Properties of Ions and Salts 685
15.9 Polyprotic Acids 693
15.1 0 Acid Strength and Molecular Structure 698
15.1 1 Lewis Acids and Bases 700
15.1 2 Acid Rain 701
Objectives are as follows:
Basic Skills
Students should be able to:
1. Describe the water's role in aqueous acid-base chemistry
2. Identify the conjugate base of an acid, the conjugate acid of a base, and the relationship
between conjugate acid and base strengths.
3. Recognize how amines act as bases and how carboxylic acids ionize in aqueous solution
4. Use the autoionization of water and show how this equilibrium takes place aqueous
solutions of acids and bases
5. Classify an aqueous solution as acidic, neutral, or basic based on its con titration of H3O+ or
OH6. Calculate pH (or pOH) given [H3O+], or [OH-] given pH (or pOH)
7. Estimate acid and base strengths from Ka and Kb values.
8. Describe the acidic behavior of hydrated metal ions
9. Write the ionization steps of polyprotic acids
10. Calculate pH from Ka or Kb values and solution concentration
11. Describe the relationships between acid strength and molecular structure
12. Explain the nature of zwitterions
13. Describe the hydrolysis of salts in aqueous solution
14. Apply acid-base principles to the chemistry of antacids, kitchen chemistry, and household
cleaners
15. Recognize Lewis acids and bases and how they react