FACTSHEET
Toolkit for Clean Fleet Strategy Development
Developer
Developed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and TNT
Location
http://www.unep.org/tnt-unep/toolkit/index.html
This toolkit helps users to assess the impacts of their fleet, and develop and implement a
strategy to minimize emissions while improving fuel efficiency. It contains a series of tools
and guidance that inform users of the environmental impacts of vehicle emissions and
outline the practical and cost-effective available solutions.
Methodology
The toolkit follows a step-by-step plan. Eighteen tools are prepared to evaluate the effects
of users’ fleets on the environment and human health and develop a cleaner management
strategy for corrective and cost-effective action.
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Step-1, which contains tools 1 to 6, gives introductory information about sources of
air pollutants and their health and environmental effects.
Step-2, which contains tool 18, assists users in making an inventory of their fleet
and its environmental performance to understand the impacts of their businesses
on environment and health. Tool 18 is a spreadsheet that enables users to estimate
their fleet’s emissions, as well as potential fuel savings.
Step-3, which contains tools 7 to 15, provides the available options to reduce fuel
consumption and emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases.
Step-4, which contains tool 16, enables users to develop strategy by choosing
selected actions and setting targets.
Step-5, which contains tool 17, helps users keep track of the effects of their strategy
and adjust it if necessary.
This factsheet focuses on the structure of tool 18 and gives information about inputs and
outputs.
After inputting some basic fleet characteristic data the tool 18 outputs emissions data as
well as information on health impacts. Additional outputs estimate the improvements in
fuel consumption and emissions, including associated costs, of a number of emission
reduction scenarios.
The emission factors (average emissions per km measured in g/km) used in the tool are
calculated using the IVE model 1.1.1a, based on a Nairobi study by California University at
Riverside and UNEP. These factors are used instead of existing regulatory emissions
standards ( Euro 1- 5 or US Tier 1 and Tier II) as the "Nairobi Overall Driving Cycle" used in
the IVE model resembles real life driving conditions that are similar in most developing
country cities and the IVE model provides a solid baseline because it includes all types of
vehicles found on the road, from very clean to very old and dirty. This minimizes the risk of
the emission factors being biased in any particular way.
Inputs
The key inputs are fleet characteristics as follows:
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Number of vehicles in each class
Total annual mileage
Total annual fuel consumption (Default fuel consumption data available in the
model if required)
Fuel characteristics (diesel sulfur content)
Fuel costs
Vehicle Categories
Vehicle type is initially split into 5 classes (see the table below) and further classified by
fuel type, engine size and emissions technology level.
Vehicle Type
Passenger cars
Light duty
trucks & buses
(2.2 - 4.5
tonnes)
Medium duty
trucks & buses
(4.5 -15
tonnes)
Heavy duty
trucks & buses
(15 - 22
tonnes)
Motorcycles
Further classification
Petrol - without catalyst
Petrol - with 3-way catalyst
Diesel - without Particulate Matter filter
Diesel - with PM filter
Light duty - pre Euro
Light duty - Euro I+II
Light duty - III+IV
Light duty - Hybrid Electric Vehicle
(HEV) duty - pre Euro
Medium
Medium duty - Euro I+II
Medium duty - Euro III+IV
Medium duty - Euro V
Heavy duty - pre-Euro
Heavy duty - Euro I+II
Heavy duty - Euro III+IV
Heavy duty - Euro V
Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines
Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines
Fuel types
Petrol and diesel
Pollutants/Gases Analyzed
Criteria Pollutants
CO: Carbon Monoxide
Pb: Lead
NOx: -Nitrogen Oxides
SO2: Sulfur Dioxide
PM: Particulate Matter
(PM10 and PM2.5)
O3: Ozone
Toxic Pollutants
VOC: Volatile Organic
Compounds
GHGs
CO2: Carbon Dioxide
Evaluation
Strengths
User friendly toolkit.
Goes beyond measurement by
suggesting options and their
likely impact which may assist
with decision making.
First-cut analysis tool for fleet
managers to quickly assess
environmental impacts.
Weaknesses
The simplicity may preclude more
in-depth measurements of
emissions and emissions reductions.
Not sophisticated enough for full exante or ex-post appraisals.
No resource of more local emission
factors.
The tool considers gasoline and
diesel fuels only. In many Latin
American and Caribbean countries
there are vehicles running on LPG
and GNV.
The tool is based on an African
study which may not be relevant to
Latin American driving styles and
/or vehicles.
References
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and TNT, 2006, Clean Fleet Management Toolkit
Punte, S., Replogle, M., Mejia, A., 2011. UNEP-TNT Clean Fleet Management Toolkit.
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions as Catalysts for Environmentally Sustainable
Transport. Seoul, South Korea.
http://www.transport2012.org/bridging/ressources/documents/2/1361,3.-Clean-FleetManagement_Seoul-Apr.pdf