Name:
Do Now
Standard
Learning
Skill Targets
Learning Skills
Targets
Reflection: from
the test
Date:
Period:
2.17 GN Punnett Squares Day 1
Use your 2.4 Genetics 101 Notes to complete this Do Now:
1. A gene is _____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Genes have instructions to make ______________________
3. How many proteins are made out of 1 gene ? _________
4. A chromosomes is ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. How many chromosomes did you get from your mom? ______
6. How many chromosomes did you get from your dad? ______
7. How many chromosomes do you have in total? ______
8. How many copies of each chromosome do you have? _______
Challenge Question: How do your genes control your cell (hint: proteins) and your
features (hint: cells working together)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
MS-LS3-2 Develop and use a model to describe why asexual reproduction results in offspring with identical
genetic information and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation
2.8 I can model the way humans and plants use sexual reproduction to produce offspring with genetic
variation
I scored myself at a level ______ for learning skills target 2.12 after taking the pollination
test 2.14 because __________________________________________________________________________________
:Grade
My grade in Life Science is a(n) _______ because ______________________________________________
Reflection ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
HOME
Work
Right down the homework assignments from the versal page: If your iPad, won’t load the
versal page, get a laptop from the cart to get the information:
My
individual
Agenda
Make an agenda of the work you are going to complete for the week: Make sure to add any missing
assignments to the end of agenda. Make the Mind Map your first assignment if you have not finished!!!
Quick
Genetics
Review
•
•
•
•
1. ____________________________________________________ 2._____________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________ 4._____________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________ 6._____________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________ 8._____________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________10._____________________________________________
Genetics is the study of heredity
Heredity is how traits are passed down from parent to offspring.
Traits are characteristics of an offspring, like color or nose shape
Genes are small sections of chromosomes that are responsible for your traits
(height, hair color etc.)
– Each gene codes for a _______________
Guided Notes
Name:
What is a
Trait?
•
•
•
•
What is
Heredity
•
•
•
What is an
Allele
•
•
•
•
•
\What’s the
difference between
simple traits and
complex traits
Review:
Chromosomes
and Genes
•
•
How many
alleles do you
have for each
gene?
•
•
•
•
What is a
genotype
What does
homozygous
mean?
TPS: What do
you think
happens if the
alleles are
different?
Date:
2.17 GN Punnett Squares Day 1
Period:
Trait A notable feature or quality in a person.
Each of us has a different combination of traits that make us unique
Traits determined by your genes and are passed down from
generation to generation
We inherit traits from our parents and pass them down to our
children.
Heredity is the passing down and inheritance
of genes and traits.
Inheritance means receiving/getting from
your parents
Heredity is the passing down and getting of
genes from parent to child
___________________: The different forms of a ____________
You have ______ alleles for each gene, _________ on each
homologous chromosome
– Homologous chromosome = chromosome of the
same number
– Chromosomes 1 through 23. You have 2 of each
number from your parents
– You get one of each homologous chromosome
from each parent
___________________ are represented by a _______________
For each gene, you receive on allele from your ________ and
another allele from your __________.
Together, your alleles determine your _______________
• _____________________________________________: Traits determined by 1 gene
• _____________________________________________: Traits determined by more than 1 gene.
Let’s say the gene for eye color is on chromosome 1 wit the
allele ___
You have __________ copies of each homologous chromosome,
one from each _______________________.
This means you have two copies of each ____________.
You have two copies of each ________________
You have ________ _______________________________ for each gene
because you have ________ _________________ of each ___________.
Each chromosome has its own allele.
You get ___ allele from your mom and ___allele from your dad
• _____________________________: The allele combination of your genes.
• There are 2 alleles for each gene
• Genotype is written with 2 letters
• ___________________________: The same 2 alleles in
the genotype for a single gene
• Homozygous _________________________ genotype
for straight thumb is HH
• Homozygous __________________________ genotype
for hitchhiker’s thumb is hh
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Guided Notes
Name:
What is
Dominant Allele
•
•
What is a
recessive Allele
What does
heterozygous
mean?
•
•
•
•
•
•
What is a
Phenotype
•
Date:
2.17 GN Punnett Squares Day 1
____________________________________: The allele that is strong and
dominant. It will mask (hide) the weak allele in an organism
with a mixture of alleles
The ________________________ allele is represented by a
_________________________ letter.
_____________________ Allele: The _________ allele that can only be
seen when the organism is _________________________ recessive
(___________ alleles are recessive).
The weak allele gets hidden by the _____________________ allele.
_________________________: When the 2 alleles of a gene are
different.
The ___________________________________ allele is expressed (shown).
The organism has the dominant allele ______________________
The _____________________ allele remains ________________. It is still in
the DNA, but you can’t see it.
____________________________________: The way an organism looks
becayse of their genes. The way the gene is expressed.
• The ______________________ is based on the _______________________.
• ____________________ dominant _________ and ____________________
dominant _________ have different __________________________, but
the same _______________________ dominant phenotype, or look.
Period:
Genotype Vs
Phenotype
Punnet Square Instructions Station
How are
traits
passed on?
•
•
•
What is a
geneticist?
•
•
•
What is
probability
•
•
•
What are
Punnett
squares:
Each parent passes down 1 of each of their
chromosomes
Each chromosome has genes
Each parent passes down 1 copy of each of
their child’s genes.
•
•
•
Each parent passes down 1 of their alleles
for a gene.
The combination of these alleles is your
genotype
The way you look because of these alleles is
called your phenotype
Each parent passes down 1 of their alleles for a gene.
The combination of these alleles is your genotype
The way you look because of these alleles is called
your phenotype
Probability is the likely hood, or chance, that
something happens
In this case, we are looking at the probability, or
chance, of offspring getting certain traits from their
parents!
This is the foundation of genetics
•
•
Punnett squares are used to determine the probability of off offspring inheriting a
trait.
Once you have the genotype combination of the parents, you can determine the
probability of getting a certain phenotype
Answering questions
• Underline key information
• Put a box around what you are looking for
Guided Notes
Name:
Punnett Square
Problem 1
•
•
•
•
Date:
2.17 GN Punnett Squares Day 1
In peas, the Purple color color allele is dominant (P) and
the white color allele is recessive (p)
If a homozygous dominant ___ mom mates with a
homozygous recessive ____ dad, what is the
probability the offspring are white?
The “mom” pea has is homozygous dominant
• She has 2 dominant alleles for flower color
• Her genotype is ________
• Her phenotype is purple flowers, because she has
2 dominant genes
The “dad” pea is homozygous recessive
• He has 2 recessive alleles for flower color
• His genotype is __________
• His phenotype is white flowers, because he has 2
recessive genes
Punnett
Square Break
Down: Step 1
Punnett
Square Break
Down: Step 2
•
Step 1: Write one parent’s genotype at the top, and the other parent’s
genotype on the left side of the square (one allele per square)
•
Step 2: Fill in the punnett square: The letters at the top fill in going down,
1 in each box. The side letters fill going from left to right, 1 in each box
Punnett
Square
Break
Down:
Step 3
Punnett
Square
Break
Down:
Step 4
•
Punnett
Square
Break Down:
Step 5
•
Period:
Question 1. What are the possible
genotypes of the offspring?
Step 3: Figure out the genotypes and phenotypes for each box.
•
If there is a dominant allele, then the phenotype will be dominant
•
If there is no dominant allele, then the phenotype will be recessive
Question 2: What are the possible
phenotypes of the offspring?
•
Step 4: Figure out the probability of the offspring’s genotype by counting how many of each
genotype there is, and dividing by 4
Question 3: What is the probability for each genotype?
Possible Genotypes:
Number: Probability:
PP
Pp
pp
Step 5: Figure out the probability of the offspring’s phenotype by counting how many of
each phenotype there is, and dividing by 4
What is the probability for each phenotype?
Possible phenotype:
Possible phenotype
Number Probability
Purple:
White:
Summary 1:
What is the
relationship
between
genotype and
phenotype?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary 2:
How do
scientists use
punnett squares
to figure out the
probability of a
child have a
gene?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Guided Notes