Three Big Risks of Jefferson’s Presidency
1.
Movement of People
2.
Expansion of Land
3.
Clarification of Government Power
Identify: which are high risk? Which are moderate risk? Which are low risks?
Movement of People

The American Scene o 2/3 of young people live within 50 miles of Atlantic coast – most will enter into shipping or industry work o 3% of population lived in cities o Population Growth: 1790 – 3.9 million, 1800 – 5.3 million – overcrowding o 4 out of 5 families farm, 94% live in communities of 2,500 or less o 20% of produce from farms consumed outside of local community – restricts economic potential o Big Idea: America was centered around ports, farms, and had little communication and trade with each other

Jefferson’s Ideal America o Experiences in Europe, particularly France, show Jefferson that a country must become self-sufficient and to do so, its people must become self-sufficient first o TJ: self-sufficiency achieved by sustainable farming communities – Republican
Agrarianism, small government power

Achievement o Cut funding to non-essential programs o Gave people incentives to go and settle land more westward o The Louisiana Purchase o Effects: people began moving away from the seaports, farming increased, new states form, Native Americans forced to go further west
Expansion of Land

Interpretation of Constitution: Living vs Original Intent o Living: Constitution is evolving, changing, should be interpreted as the present day needs it to be interpreted o Original Intent: Constitution is meant to be used how the founding fathers wanted it, if it is to be changed use the amendment process to do so o Jefferson: Original intent, favored a small national government


Map on p. 222 o Who are the neighbors to America? o Can any of these be identified as potential threats?

Two birds, one stone – move people and expand the land o Read “Opportunity: The Louisiana Purchase” p. 229 o Read “Incorporating Louisiana” p. 230 o Take notes on the highlights and discuss as a class

Effect: was the purchase worth the risk of a previously stated stance on the Constitution?
Clarification of Government Power

Can Federalists and Democratic-Republicans work together? o Yes but it is through the moderate factions that it will happen o Kept 132 Federalists at their posts, placed 158 Republicans in others o Force people to work together

What is the role of the court? o Adams appointed new judges at the last second o Madison, the new secretary of state, refused to deliver the commissions to the new judges o William Marbury, one of the people to not receive his commission, sues Madison and demands to be appointed as a judge o Case reaches Supreme Court: Marbury v. Madison
 Court states power of judicial review: to review acts by the executive and judicial branch
 Decision: Marbury has a right to his commission but the court cannot force
Madison to give it to him, Marbury never becomes a judge

Effect: parties can work together, court can review cases but it cannot make laws (legislative branch duty) nor can it enforce laws (executive branch duty)