Ch 12: DNA and RNA
Vocabulary and Learning Targets
1. I can describe the relationship between genes and DNA. (12-1)
2. I can describe the components and overall structure of a DNA molecule. (12-1)
 monomer of DNA; 3 parts of a nucleotide; 4 DNA bases and pairing rule
3. I can list the steps of DNA replication and describe where they happen. (12-2)
4. I can state the purpose of DNA replication and when in the cell cycle it occurs.
5. I can describe the structure of a chromosome. (12-2)
6. I can describe 3 ways that RNA differs from DNA. (12-2, 12-3)
7. I can name and identify diagrams of the 3 main types of RNA and state their
purpose. (12-3)
8. I can explain the relationship between genes and protein. (12-3)
9. I can list the steps of protein synthesis and describe where they occur in the cell
(transcription; translation). (12-3)
10. I can use genetic code to determine amino acid sequences from a strand of
mRNA. (12-3)
12. I can explain what a mutation is. (12-4)
13. I can contrast gene mutations and chromosomal mutations and describe the
possible effects of mutations. (12-4)
14. I can summarize typical gene regulation. (12-5)
Record a definition of each of the following in your own words on paper folded to form a 4 X 4
grid of squares.
transformation
chromatin
gene
transcription
intron
mutation
Central Dogma of
Biology
bacteriophage
histone
messenger RNA
translation
exon
point mutation
nucleotide
replication
transfer RNA
RNA polymerase
codon
frame shift
mutation
base pair
DNA polymerase
ribosomal RNA
promoter
anticodon
polyploidy