1) Name the big three European countries to colonize in the Americas? Spain, France, England
2) What are the three G’s—primary reasons for exploration and colonization? Gold, God, Glory
3) Another reason for settlement of the Americas—this was a popular economic theory held by
European countries in which they believed that the more wealth a country had, the more economic and political power it would have. Under this economic idea, the colonies benefitted for the good of the mother country. What is this economic system called? Mercantilism
4) MAP: show us the primary regions where each country settled?
5) Which country had the best relationship with the Indians based upon their extensive fur trade?
France
6) Which country sent the most missionaries to convert Native Americans to Christianity and established missions all along the American southwest? Spain
{GO OVER SPAIN, FRANCE, ENGLAND SECTION OF REVIEW}
7) What year was Jamestown founded? 1607
8) What was the name of the joint stock company that founded Virginia/Jamestown? Virginia
Company
9) Name two reasons why the Jamestown colony struggled to survive. Wealthy gentlemen not accustomed to work, just wanted to look for gold, didn’t know how to plant/grow crops in America, etc .
10) The Jamestown settlers saved their colony by planting what? Tobacco
11) Who led the charge to plant tobacco? What was his name? John Rolfe
12) Who did he marry? Pocahontas
13) Who did she save? He was the leader of the Jamestown colony. John Smith
14) How had John Smith saved the colony at one point? What did he tell the people ? He who will not work, shall not eat
15) When he left, things fell apart, only 60 out of 500 settlers lived through the period known as the what? The Starving Time
16) After establishing tobacco, Jamestown took off, and by 1619 established the first representative government body in the colonies—this first example of limited self-government was known as the __ the Virginia House of Burgesses_.
{GO OVER JAMESTOWN SECTION OF REVIEW}
17) The Pilgrims were also known as the _ Separatists _.
18) The Pilgrims sailed on what ship? Mayflower
19) They were supposed to land in Virginia but instead they landed where? Cape Cod/Plymouth/Massachusetts
20) The charter from the king giving them permission to settle in Virginia was no good since they didn’t land there. So before leaving the ship they set up their own rules for democratic, majority rule of the colony, agreed to obey all laws/rules passed—they established self-rule and limited, self-government with this document that most of the men signed known as the _ Mayflower
Compact__.
21) What year was Plymouth founded and who was the leader? 1620,

22) The Pilgrims went through their own Starving Time, but they got help from the Native Americans who taught them how to survive and grow crops in America—particularly one Indian named
__ Squanto __.
{GO OVER PLYMOUTH SECTION OF REVIEW}
23) Name two reasons for the development of self-government in the colonies.

Colonial religious communities largely practiced democratic self-rule, elected pastors and officers

Colonists were familiar with the English historical traditions (Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights) and representative gov’t structure (Parliament)

They were far away from England, making them independent

“Salutary neglect” by the British made them even more self-sufficent

Many settlements were far apart and isolated—representatives could meet to decide issues

To gain some stability in a chaotic and different place—provide law and order in the colonies
{GO OVER REASONS FOR DEV. OF REP. GOV’T SECTION OF REVIEW}
24) MAP: The 13 original colonies were primarily located along what region? Atlantic Coastal Plains
25) Give two reasons why the English colonies were located along the Atlantic coast. Straight shot
from England, good natural harbors
26) What is primary cause of differences in the way the colonial regions and cultures develop—i.e., what is the main reason for the differences economically and culturally between New England, the Middle Colonies and the Southern Colonies? geography
27) NEW ENGLAND: What religious group settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony? Puritans –
Puritans came for religious freedom, yet weren’t good about granting the same to others => banished lots of people who then founded other New England colonies—like which ones?
Discuss RI, CT, NH
28) This woman was ordered out of Massachusetts Bay because she held bible studies in her home and said that “God had spoken directly to her.” Who was she? Anne Hutchinson
29) Thomas Hooker left Massachusetts Bay and founded Connecticut where he wrote the first written constitution in the colonies. What is this first written colonial constitution called?
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
30) Name one physical characteristic of New England and one human characteristic. Physical: rocky soil, long/cold winters, subsistence farming Human: industry—shipbuilding, fishing, logging; town hall meetings, most religious—daily activities around the church, etc. {show Review Sheet section on New England}
{GO OVER NEW ENGLAND SECTION OF REVIEW}
31) MIDDLE COLONIES (MID-ATLANTIC): What are the Middle Colonies known as? Nick name?
Breadbasket Colonies
32) This religious group believed that everyone was equal, so church services and officials were unnecessary. They were pacifists. They helped to settle Pennsylvania, were led by William
Penn. Who was this religious group? Quakers—even refused to bow to lords and ladies because they believed all people were equal.

33) The Middle Colonies were the most egalitarian of all the colonies. What does this mean?
Egalitarian Society--Treated people equally—Middle Colonies were most tolerant of the colonies religiously and culturally—most ethnically and religiously diverse of all the regions
34) Who originally settled the New York area? the Dutch -- what did they call the area—New
Amsterdam
35) Why did England take over New Amsterdam in 1664? To unite their colonies
36) Name at least one physical characteristic and one human characteristic of the Mid-Atlantic colonies (Middle colonies).
{GO OVER MIDDLE COLONIES SECTION OF REVIEW}
37) SOUTHERN COLONIES: Whereas the New England colonies were all founded for religious purposes, most of the Southern colonies were founded were what? Profit or economic purposes
38) What was the major economic characteristic of the Southern colonies? Agriculture
39) What is a “cash crop”? major crop grown in surplus for profit—make money from it—as opposed to “subsistence farming”
40) Name three major cash crops of the Southern colonies. Tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice, sugar cane
41) The South had an authoritarian and deference society. What does this mean? authoritarian: based on servitude; deference: based on rank
42) Maryland was founded for this religious group. Catholics
43) Name at least one physical characteristic and one human characteristic of the Southern colonies.
{GO OVER SOUTHERN COLONIES SECTION OF REVIEW}
44) PROTESTANT REFORMATION
{GO OVER PROTESTANT REFORMATION SECTION OF REVIEW}
45) FIRST GREAT AWAKENING
{GO OVER FIRST GREAT AWAKENING SECTION OF REVIEW}
46) THE ENLIGHTENMENT
47) Which Enlightenment thinker influenced the development of our American legal system?
Blackstone
48) Which Enlightenment thinker influenced the Declaration of Independence with his writings on the natural rights of life, liberty, and personal property protection? Locke—Locke
49) Which Enlightenment thinker influenced the U.S. Constitution with his writings on branches of gov’t, separation of powers and checks and balances? Montesquieu -- Locke wrote first about branches of gov’t—legislative and executive—Montesquieu added the third branch of the judiciary
{GO OVER ENLIGHTENMENT SECTION OF REVIEW}
50) The trade routes from Europe, to Africa, to the Americas, and then to Europe again is known as what? Triangular Trade
51) The leg of the triangle in which Africans were brought on ships under horrible conditions to
Brazil, the islands of the West Indies, or British colonies is called the __ Middle Passage __.

{GO OVER TRIANGULAR TRADE SECTION OF REVIEW}
52) What led to the establishment of slavery in the Southern colonies? Expansion of tobacco as a crop, plantation system
53) Who was used for labor before Africans? Native Americans, then European indentured servants
{GO OVER SLAVERY SECTION OF REVIEW}
54) This was signed in 1215 by King John and served as a foundation for future protection of rights for all people. It is known as the “Great Charter”. Magna Carta
55) Who founded Rhode Island and why? Roger Williams, separation of church and state, religious toleration
56) Who founded Connecticut and what important document did he write? Thomas Hooker,
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
57) Who founded Pennsylvania? William Penn
58) What law granted the right to worship freely and provided religious freedom for Catholics and
Protestants alike in Maryland? Maryland Act of Toleration 1649
59) Which colony was created so debtors and poor people could start over? Georgia
60) What other purpose did Georgia serve? acted as a buffer between the Spanish in Florida and the other English colonies
61) Which colonies were founded for religious reasons? Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut,
New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Maryland ,
62) Which colonies provided economic opportunities for settlers? All of them