GENERATOR
MODELS
A) Generator Data for Round Rotor Units (GENROU):S.No
Parameter Description
Symbol as per PSSE
1
5
6
d-axis open circuit transient time constant
(s)
d-axis open circuit sub-transient time
constant (s)
q-axis open circuit transient time constant
(s)
q-axis open circuit sub-transient time
constant (s)
Inertia (MW.s/MVA)
Speed damping (pu)
H, Inertia
D, Speed Damping
7
d-axis synchronous reactance (pu)
Xd
8
9
10
q-axis synchronous reactance (pu)
d-axis transient reactance (pu)
q-axis transient reactance (pu) X'q
Xq
X'd
X'q
11
12
sub-transient reactance (pu) X''d = X''q
Leakage reactance (pu)
X''d = X''q
Xl
13
14
Saturation factor at 1.0 pu voltage
Saturation factor at 1.2 pu voltage
S(1.0)
S(1.2)
2
3
4
T'do (> 0)
T''do (> 0)
T'qo (> 0)
T''qo (> 0)
PSS®E 33.5
Generator Model Data Sheets
GENROU
PSS®E Model Library
1.19 GENROU
Round Rotor Generator Model (Quadratic Saturation)
This model is located at system
bus
#
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#
ID,
This model uses CONs starting
with
#
and STATEs starting with
The machine MVA is
_ units =
#
K.
Efd
VT
_ for each of
MBASE.
ZSORCE for this machine is
on the above MBASE
CONs
J,
Pm PMECH
#
EFD
VOLT at
Terminal
Bus
SPEED
Speed
ISORCE
Source Current
GENROU ETERM
ANGLE
_+j
Value
Description
J
T´do (>0) (sec)
J+1
T´do (>0) (sec)
J+2
T´qo (>0) (sec)
J+3
Tqo (>0) (sec)
J+4
H, Inertia
Terminal Voltage
Angle
J+5
D, Speed damping
J+6
Xd
J+7
Xq
J+8
X´d
J+9
X´q
J+10
Xd = Xq
J+11
Xl
J+12
S(1.0)
J+13
S(1.2)
Note: Xd, Xq, X´d, X´q, Xd, Xq, Xl, H, and D are in pu, machine MVA base.
Xq must be equal to Xd.
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1-44
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Generator Model Data Sheets
GENROU
STATEs
#
Description
K
E´q
K+1
E´d
K+2
kd
K+3
kq
K+4
 speed (pu)
K+5
Angle (radians)
IBUS, ’GENROU’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+13)
/
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1-45
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Generator Model Data Sheets
GENSAL
1.21 GENSAL
Salient Pole Generator Model (Quadratic Saturation on d-Axis)
This model is located at system
bus
#
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#
ID,
This model uses CONs starting
with
#
and STATEs starting with
#
The machine MVA is
MBASE.
J,
Pm PMECH
EFD
Efd
VT
K.
_ for each of units =
VOLT at
SPEED
Speed
ISORCE
Source Current
GENSAL ETERM
Terminal
Bus
ANGLE
ZSORCE for this machine is
on the above MBASE.
CONs
_+j
#
Value
Terminal Voltage
Angle
Description
J
T´do (>0) (sec)
J+1
Tdo (>0) (sec)
J+2
Tqo (>0) (sec)
J+3
H, Inertia
J+4
D, Speed damping
J+5
Xd
J+6
Xq
J+7
X´d
J+8
Xd = Xq
J+9
Xl
J+10
S(1.0)
J+11
S(1.2)
Note: Xd, Xq, X´d, Xd, Xq, Xl, H, and D are in pu, machine MVA base.
Xq must be equal to Xd.
STATEs
#
Description
K
E´q
K+1
kd
K+2
q
K+3
 speed (pu)
K+4
Angle (radians)
IBUS, ’GENSAL’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+11)
/
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1-47
EXCITER
MODELS
B) Exciter Data (IEEET1):S.No
Parameter Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Symbol as per PSSE
Voltage transducer time constant (s)
AVR steady state gain (pu)
AVR equivalent time constant (s)
Max. AVR output (pu)
Min. AVR output (pu)
Exciter feedback time constant (pu)
Exciter time constant (s)
Stabilizer feedback gain (pu)
Stabilizer feedback time constant (s)
Switch
Exciter saturation point 1 (pu)
Exciter saturation factor at point 1
Exciter saturation point 2 (pu)
Exciter saturation factor at point 2
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
TR (sec)
KA
TA (sec)
VRMAX or zero
VRMIN
KE or zero
TE (>0)(sec)
KF
TF(>0)(sec)
Switch=0
E1
SE(E1)
E2
SE(E2)
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
CELIN
6.5 CELIN
ELIN Excitation System
This model is at system bus
#
_
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#
_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#
_
J,
and STATEs starting with
#
_
K,
and VARs starting with
#
_
L.
CONs
#
Value
Description
J
TR1
J+1
TR2
J+2
TR3
J+3

J+4

J+5
TE2
J+6
Nominal full load EFD in IEEE pu1
J+7
KE2
J+8
TR4
J+9
T1
J+10
T2
J+11
T3
J+12
T4
J+13
T5
J+14
T6
J+15
K12
J+16
K2
J+17
p_PSS
J+18
a_PSS
J+19
Psslim
J+20
K1
J+21
KIEC
J+22
KD1
J+23
TB1 (>0)
J+24
T11
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6-13
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
CELIN
CONs
#
PSS®E Model Library
Value
Description
J+25
LIMMAX_PID1
J+2
LIMMIN_PID1
J+27
K21
J+28
Spare
J+29
Up+
J+30
Up-
J+31
K3
J+32
T13
J+33
K4
J+34
T14
J+35
KETB
J+3
TE
J+37
Xp
J+38
Ief max12
J+39
Ief max23
J+40
Ief min
J+41
E1
J+42
SE(E1)
J+43
E2
J+44
SE(E2)
1 Should be adjusted to the specific machine.
2 Corresponds to the ceiling of 1.6 pu.
3 This limit is actually disabled.
STATEs
K
#
Description
Sensed Vt
K+1
Uw
K+2
Ub
K+3
Efd
K+4
Sensed lef
K+5
PSS_first lag
K+
PSS_second lag
K+7
PSS_first washout
K+8
PSS_second washout
K+9
PSS_third washout
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6-14
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
CELIN
STATEs
#
Description
K+10
PSS_third lag
K+11
PID1_rate-lag
K+12
PID1_integrator
K+13
Spare
K+14
PID3_integrator
K+15
PID4_integrator
K+1
Converter_lag
VARs
L
L+1
#
Description
IEF, pu
IEF_REF, pu
IBUS, ’CELIN’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+44)
/
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6-15
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
CELIN
PSS®E Model Library
0  p_PSS  2
F(s) = a_PSS[B(s)(1 - p_PSS) + V(s)(1 - |p_PSS - 1|)]
2  p_PSS  4
F(s) = a_PSS[B(s)(3 - p_PSS) + V(s)(1 - |p_PSS - 3|)]
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6-16
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
CELIN
EXCITER FIELD CURRENT REGULATOR
THYRISTOR CONVERTER
Vt Up+
1ef min ref
Up+
+
1efref +
1ef '
–
1
Vr
KK
21
2

+
KETB
+
1 + sTE
–
Up-
XP
Vt Up–
1ef max 1 ref
Vef

XP
Ief
EXCITER FIELD CURRENT MINIMUM LIMITER
+3.56KIEC
1
sT13
0
+
1e f min
+
+

K3
+3.56KIEC

1ef ' –
BRUSHLESS EXCITATION
1ef min ref
0
+
EXCITER FIELD CURRENT MAXIMUM LIMITER

–
+0
1
sTE2
Efd
1
sT14
Ief
–3.56KIEC
1ef max 1 +
+
+

K4
1ef ' –
SE + KE2
+0

1e f max 1 ref
–3.56K IEC
Ief
1
1 + sTR4
DT02_004
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6-17
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
ESDC1A
6.16 ESDC1A
IEEE Type DC1A Excitation System
This model is located at system bus
#_
IBUS,
ECOMP
Machine identifier
#_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#_
J,
VOTHSG
and STATEs starting with
#_
K,
VUEL
and VAR
#_
L.
VOEL
CONs
#
Value
ESDC1A
EFD
Description
TR (sec)
J
J+1
KA
J+2
TA (sec)
J+3
TB (sec)
J+4
TC (sec)
J+5
VRMAX or zero
J+6
VRMIN
J+7
KE or zero
J+8
TE (>0) (sec)
J+9
KF
J+10
TF1 (>0) (sec)
J+11
0.0
Switch
J+12
E1
J+13
SE(E1)
J+14
E2
J+15
SE(E2)
STATEs
K
#
Description
Sensed VT
K+1
Lead lag
K+2
Regulator output, VR
K+3
Exciter output, EFD
K+4
Rate feedback integrator
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6-39
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
ESDC1A
VAR
PSS®E Model Library
#
Description
L
KE
IBUS, ’ESDC1A’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+15)
VS
EC
(pu)
+

1
–
1 + sTR VC
+
–
VUEL
1 + sTC
1 + sTB
HV
Gate
VREF
/
VRMAX
KA
1 + sTA
VRMIN
+
VR
EFD
–
VFE
0

VF
1
sTE

+
KE
+
VX = EFD SE (EFD)
VS = VOTHSG + VOEL
sKF
1 + sTF1
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6-40
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
EXAC1A
PSS®E Model Library
6.25 EXAC1A
IEEE Modified Type AC1 Excitation System
This model is located at system bus
Machine identifier
#
#
This model uses CONs starting with
and STATEs starting with
#
#
IBUS,
ECOMP
_
ID,
XADIFD
_
J,
VOTHSG
_
K.
VUEL
_
EXAC1A
EFD
VOEL
CONs
#
Value
Description
J
TR (sec)
J+1
TB (sec)
J+2
TC (sec)
J+3
KA
J+4
TA (sec)
J+5
VRMAX
J+6
VRMIN
J+7
TE > 0 (sec)
J+8
KF
J+9
TF > 0 (sec)
J+10
KC
J+11
KD
J+12
KE
J+13
E1
J+14
SE(E1)
J+15
E2
J+16
SE(E2)
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6-60
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
EXAC1A
STATEs
#
Description
K
Sensed ET
K+1
Lead lag
K+2
Regulator output
K+3
VE
K+4
Feedback output
IBUS, ’EXAC1A’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+16)
VREF
VS
1
–
1 + sTR VC

VRMAX
+
+
EC
(pu)
/
+

KA
+
1 + sTA VR
1 + sTC
1 + sTB
–
VE
1
sTE

–
VRMIN

EFD
FEX
0
FEX = f(IN)
VFE
VF
IN
+
sKF
KCIFD
IN = V
E

1 + sTF
+
IN
KE + SE
If IN  0.
F
If IN  0.433
F
If 0.433 < I < 0.75
N
F
If IN  0.75
F
If IN > 1
F
EX
EX
EX
KD
IFD
= 1
= 1 – 0.577 I N
= 0.75 – I 2
FEX
= 1.7321 – I N
EX
EX
= 0
VS = VOTHSG + VUEL + VOEL
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6-61
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
IEEET1
PSS®E Model Library
6.39 IEEET1
IEEE Type 1 Excitation System
This model is located at system bus
#_
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#_
J,
VOTHSG
and STATEs starting with
#_
K,
VUEL
and VAR
#_
L.
VOEL
CONs
#
ECOMP
Value
J
IEEET1
EFD
Description
TR (sec)
J+1
KA
J+2
TA (sec)
J+3
VRMAX or zero
J+4
VRMIN
J+5
KE or zero
J+6
TE (>0) (sec)
J+7
KF
J+8
TF (>0) (sec)
J+9
0
Switch
J+10
E1
J+11
SE(E1)
J+12
E2
J+13
SE(E2)
STATEs
#
Description
Sensed VT
K
K+1
Regulator output, VR
K+2
Exciter output, EFD
K+3
Rate feedback integrator
VAR
L
#
Description
KE
IBUS, ’IEEET1’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+13)
/
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6-88
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
IEEET1
VE = SE × EFD
VE
+

VREF
1
1 + sTR
–
 +
+
VS
KE
VRMAX
+
EC
(pu)
+
–

KA
1 + sTA
VR
+

1
sTE
EFD
(pu)
–
VRMIN
sKF
1 + sTF
VS = VOTHSG + VUEL + VOEL
Note: SE is the saturation function.
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6-89
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
IEEET2
PSS®E Model Library
6.40 IEEET2
IEEE Type 2 Excitation System
This model is located at system bus
#_
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#_
J,
VOTHSG
and STATEs starting with
#_
K,
VUEL
and VAR
#_
L.
VOEL
CONs
#
ECOMP
Value
J
IEEET2
EFD
Description
TR (sec)
J+1
KA
J+2
TA (sec)
J+3
VRMAX or zero
J+4
VRMIN
J+5
KE
J+6
TE (>0) (sec)
J+7
KF
J+8
TF1 (>0) (sec)
J+9
TF2 (>0) (sec)
J+10
E1
J+11
SE(E1)
J+12
E2
J+13
SE(E2)
STATEs
#
Description
Sensed VT
K
K+1
Regulator output, VR
K+2
Exciter output, EFD
K+3
First feedback integrator
K+4
Second feedback integrator
VAR
L
#
Description
KE
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6-90
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
IEEET2
IBUS, ’IEEET2’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+13)
/
VE = SE × EFD
+

VREF
1
–
1 + sTR

+
+
KE
VRMAX
–
+
EC
(pu)
VE
+
KA
1 + sTA

–
VR
+

1
sTE
EFD
(pu)
VRMIN
VS
1
1 + sTF2
sKF
(1 + sTF1)
VS = VOTHSG + VUEL + VOEL
Note: SE is the saturation function.
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6-91
PSS®E 33.5
Excitation System Model Data Sheets
SCRX
PSS®E Model Library
6.57 SCRX
Bus Fed or Solid Fed Static Exciter
This model is located at system bus
#
ECOMP
IBUS,
_
Machine identifier
#
_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#
_
J,
and STATEs starting with
#
VOTHSG
VUEL
K.
_
SCRX
VOEL
EFD
XADIFD
ETERM
CONs
#
Value
Description
TA/TB
J
J+1
TB (>0) (sec)
J+2
K
J+3
TE (sec)
J+4
EMIN (pu on EFD base)
J+5
EMAX (pu on EFD base)
J+6
CSWITCH1
J+7
rc / rfd2
1 Set C
SWITCH = 0 for bus fed.
Set CSWITCH = 1 for solid fed.
2 Set CON(J+7) = 0 for exciter with negative field current capability.
Set CON(J+7) > 0 for exciter without negative field current capability.
(Typical CON(J+7) = 10)
STATEs
K
#
Description
First integrator
K+1
Second integrator
IBUS, ’SCRX’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+7)
VREF
/
E
CSWITCH = 0
MAX
CSWITCH = 1
1.0
Et
+
EC
(pu)
–

1 + TAs
K
1 + T Bs
1 + TEs
+
Ebridge
X
LadIfd
Negative
Current Logic
EFD
EMIN
VS
VS = VOTHSG + VUEL + VOEL
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6-130
GOVERNOR
MODELS
C) Governor Data (TGOV1):S.No
Parameter Description
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Symbol as per PSSE
Permanent Droop
Governor time constant
Maximum valve position limit
Minimum valve position limit
time constant
Reheater time constant
Turbine Damping
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
R
T1 (>0)(sec)
V MAX
V MIN
T2 (sec)
T3 (>0)(sec)
Dt
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
HYGOV
7.9 HYGOV
Hydro Turbine-Governor
This model is located at system bus
IBUS,
#_
Machine identifier
#_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#_
J,
and STATEs starting with
#_
K,
and VARs starting with
#_
L.
CONs
#
SPEED
Speed
Value
J
HYGOV
Description
R, permanent droop
J+1
r, temporary droop
J+2
Tr (>0) governor time constant
J+3
Tf (>0) filter time constant
J+4
Tg (>0) servo time constant
J+5
+ VELM, gate velocity limit
J+6
GMAX, maximum gate limit
J+7
GMIN, minimum gate limit
J+8
TW (>0) water time constant
J+9
At, turbine gain
J+10
Dturb, turbine damping
J+11
qNL, no power flow
STATEs
#
Description
K
e, filter output
K+1
c, desired gate
K+2
g, gate opening
K+3
q, turbine flow
PMECH
VARs
L
L+1
#
Description
Speed reference
h, turbine head
R, r, and Dturb are in pu on generator MVA base.
IBUS, ’HYGOV’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+11)
/
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7-25
PSS®E 33.5
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
HYGOV
VAR(L) +
nref
1
1 + Tfs

e
–
Speed +
SPEED
PSS®E Model Library
1 + Trs
rTrs
c
1
g
1 + T gs
Velocity and
Position Limits

SPEED
+
Dturb
R
X
–
g

–
X
q

h
1
Tws
q
+

At
+

PMECH
–
+
1
X
qNL
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7-26
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
7.8 GGOV1
GE General Governor/Turbine Model
This model is located at system bus
#
_
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#
_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#
_
J,
and STATEs starting with
#
_
K,
and VARs starting with
#
_
L,
and ICONs starting with
#
_
M.
CONs
J
#
Value
SPEED
GGOV1
PMECH
PELEC
Description
R, Permanent droop, pu
J+1
Tpelec, Electrical power transducer time constant, sec
J+2
maxerr, Maximum value for speed error signal
J+3
minerr, Minimum value for speed error signal
J+4
Kpgov, Governor proportional gain
J+5
Kigov, Governor integral gain
J+6
Kdgov, Governor derivative gain
J+7
Tdgov, Governor derivative controller time constant, sec
J+8
vmax, Maximum valve position limit
J+9
vmin, Minimum valve position limit
J+10
Tact, Actuator time constant, sec
J+11
Kturb, Turbine gain
J+12
W fnl, No load fuel flow, pu
J+13
Tb, Turbine lag time constant, sec
J+14
Tc, Turbine lead time constant, sec
J+15
Teng, Transport lag time constant for diesel engine, sec
J+16
Tfload, Load Limiter time constant, sec
J+17
Kpload, Load limiter proportional gain for PI controller
J+18
Kiload, Load limiter integral gain for PI controller
J+19
Ldref, Load limiter reference value pu
J+20
Dm, Mechanical damping coefficient, pu
J+21
Ropen, Maximum valve opening rate, pu/sec
J+22
Rclose, Maximum valve closing rate, pu/sec
J+23
Kimw, Power controller (reset) gain
J+24
Aset, Acceleration limiter setpoint, pu/sec
J+25
Ka, Acceleration limiter gain
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7-19
PSS®E 33.5
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
CONs
#
PSS®E Model Library
Value
Description
J+26
Ta, Acceleration limiter time constant, sec ( > 0)
J+27
Trate, Turbine rating (MW)1
J+28
db, Speed governor deadband
J+29
Tsa, Temperature detection lead time constant, sec
J+30
Tsb, Temperature detection lag time constant, sec
J+31
Rup, Maximum rate of load limit increase
J+32
Rdown, Maximum rate of load limit decrease
1 If the turbine rating [CON(J+27)] is greater than zero, the input PELEC is converted in the
model to per unit on turbine rating base, else PELEC is converted to per unit on machine base.
STATEs
#
K
Description
Machine Electrical Power Measurement
K+1
Governor Differential Control
K+2
Governor Integral Control
K+3
Turbine Actuator
K+4
Turbine Lead-Lag
K+5
Turbine load limiter measurement
K+6
Turbine Load Limiter Integral Control
K+7
Supervisory Load Control
K+8
Acceleration Control
K+9
Temperature Detection Lead-Lag
VARs
L
#
Description
Load Reference
L+1
Output of Load Limiter PI Control
L+2
Output of Governor PID Control
L+3
Low Value Select Output
L+4
Output of Turbine Actuator
L+5
Output of Turbine Lead-Lag
L+6
Supervisory Load Controller Setpoint, Pmwset
L+7
.
.
.
L+19
Delay Table
L+20
Dead Band
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7-20
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
ICONs
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
#
Value
Description
Rselect, Feedback signal for governor droop:
1 electrical power
M
1
0 none (isochronous governor)
-1 fuel valve stroke (true stroke)
-2 governor output (requested stroke)
Flag Switch for fuel source characteristic:
M+1
0
0 fuel flow independent of speed
1 fuel flow proportional to speed
R and DM in pu on Turbine MW base when Trate is specified and in pu on generator MVA
base when Trate is not entered.
IBUS, ’GGOV1’, ID, ICON(M) and ICON(M+1), CON(J) to CON(J+32)
/
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7-21
PSS®E 33.5
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
governor output
PSS®E Model Library
All material contained in this documentation is proprietary to Siemens Industry, Inc., Siemens Power Technologies
7-22
International.
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
Notes:
a.
This model can be used to represent a variety of prime movers controlled by PID
governors. It is suitable, for example, for representation of:
•
gas turbine and single shaft combined cycle turbines
•
diesel engines with modern electronic or digital governors
•
steam turbines where steam is supplied from a large boiler drum or a large
header whose pressure is substantially constant over the period under study
•
simple hydro turbines in dam configurations where the water column length is
short and water inertia effects are minimal
b.
Per unit parameters are on base of the turbine MW base (Trate). If no value is
entered for Trate, parameters are specified on generator MVA base.
c.
The range of fuel valve travel and of fuel flow is unity. Thus the largest possible
value of Vmax is 1.0 and the smallest possible value of Vmin is zero. Vmax may,
however, be reduced below unity to represent a loading limit that may be imposed
by the operator or a supervisory control system. For gas turbines Vmin should normally be greater than zero and less than wfnl to represent a minimum firing limit.
The value of fuel flow at maximum output must be less than, or equal to unity,
depending on the value of kturb.
d.
The parameter Teng is provided for use in representing diesel engines where there
is a small but measurable transport delay between a change in fuel flow setting and
the development of torque. In the majority of cases Teng should be zero.
e.
The parameter Flag is provided to recognize that fuel flow, for a given fuel valve
stroke, can be proportional to engine speed. This is the case for GE gas turbines
and for diesel engines with positive displacement fuel injectors. Flag should be set
to unity for all GE gas turbines and most diesel engines. Flag should be set to zero
where it is known that the fuel control system keeps fuel flow independent of engine
speed.
f.
The load limiter module may be used to impose a maximum output limit such as an
exhaust temperature limit. To do this the time constant Tfload should be set to represent the time constant in the measurement of temperature (or other signal), and
the gains of the limiter, Kpload, Kiload, should be set to give prompt stable control
when on limit. The load limit can be deactivated by setting the parameter Ldref to a
high value.
g.
The parameter Dm can represent either the variation of engine power with shaft
speed or the variation of maximum power capability with shaft speed.
If Dm is positive it describes the falling slope of the engine speed versus power
characteristic as speed increases. A slightly falling characteristic is typical for reciprocating engines and some aeroderivative turbines.
If Dm is negative the engine power is assumed to be unaffected by shaft speed, but
the maximum permissible fuel flow is taken to fall with falling shaft speed. This is
characteristic of single shaft industrial gas turbines.
h.
This model includes a simple representation of a supervisory load controller. This
controller is active if the parameter Kimw is non-zero. The load controller is a slow
acting reset loop that adjusts the speed/load reference of the turbine governor to
hold the electrical power output of the unit at its initial condition value Pmwset.
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7-23
PSS®E 33.5
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
GGOV1
PSS®E Model Library
Pmwset is given a value automatically when the model is initialized and stored in
VAR(L+6), and can be changed thereafter. The load controller must be adjusted to
respond gently relative to the speed governor. A typical value for K imw is 0.01, corresponding to a reset time of 100 seconds. Setting K imw to 0.001 corresponds to
a relatively slow acting load controller.
i.
The parameters Aset, Ka, and Ta describe an acceleration limiter. These parameters may be set to zero if the limiter is not active.
j.
The parameter db is the speed governor dead band. This parameter is in terms of
per unit speed.
k.
Tsa and Tsb are provided to augment the exhaust gas temperature measurement
subsystem in gas turbines.
l.
Rup and Rdown specify the maximum rate of increase and decrease of the output
of the load limit controller (Kpload/Kiload).
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7-24
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
TGOV1
7.21 TGOV1
Steam Turbine-Governor
This model is located at system bus
#_
IBUS,
Machine identifier
#_
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with
#_
J,
and STATEs starting with
#_
K,
and VAR
#_
L.
CONs
#
SPEED
Value
J
TGOV1
PMECH
Description
R
J+1
T1 (>0) (sec)
J+2
VMAX1
J+3
VMIN1
J+4
T2 (sec)2
J+5
T3 (>0) (sec)3
J+6
D t1
1 V
MAX, VMIN, Dt and R are in per unit on generator MVA base.
2 T /T = high-pressure fraction.
2 3
3 T = reheater time constant.
3
STATEs
#
Description
K
Valve opening
K+1
Turbine power
VARs
L
#
Description
Reference
IBUS, ’TGOV1’, ID, CON(J) to CON(J+6)
/
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7-61
PSS®E 33.5
Turbine-Governor Model Data Sheets
TGOV1
PSS®E Model Library
VMAX
Reference
VAR(L)
+

1
1
1 + T 2s
R
1 + T 1s
1 + T 3s
–
+

PMECH
–
VMIN

SPEED
Dt
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7-62
STABILIZER
MODELS
D) PSS Data (PSS2A):S.No
Parameter Description
Symbol as per PSSE
1
Washout Time constant - Signal 1
TW1 (>0)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Washout Time Constant - Signal 1
Lag Time Constant - Signal 1
Washout Time Constant - Signal 2
Washout Time Constant - Signal 2
Lag Time Constant - Signal 2
Gain - Signal 2
Gain - Signal 2
Ramp Tracking Filter Lead Time Constant
Ramp Tracking Filter Lag Time Constant
Lead Time Constant - Phase Comp. Block 1
Stabilizer Gain
Lag Time Constant - Phase Comp. Block 1
Lead Time Constant - Phase Comp. Block 2
Lag Time Constant - Phase Comp. Block 2
Stabilizer Output Maximum
Stabilizer Output Minimum
TW2
T6
TW3 (>0)
TW4
T7
KS2
KS3
T8
T9 (>0)
KS1
T1
T2
T3
T4
VSTMAX
VSTMIN
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
IEE2ST
3.2 IEE2ST
IEEE Stabilizing Model With Dual-Input Signals
This model is located at system bus #
Machine identifier
IBUS,
#
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with #
J,
Inputs
Based on
ICON(M) and
ICON(M+2)
Values
and STATEs starting with
#
K,
and VARs starting with
#
L,
and ICONS starting with
#
M.
CONs
#
Value
Description
J
K1
J+1
K2
J+2
T1 (sec)
J+3
T2 (sec)
J+4
T3 (sec)1
J+5
T4 (>0) (sec)
J+6
T5 (sec)
J+7
T6 (sec)
J+8
T7 (sec)
J+9
T8 (sec)
IEE2ST
VOTHSG
Auxiliary
Signal
J+10
T9 (sec)
J+11
T10 (sec)
J+12
LSMAX
J+13
LSMIN
J+14
VCU (pu) (if equal zero, ignored.)
J+15
VCL (pu) (if equal zero, ignored.)
1 If T equals 0, sT will equal 1.0.
3
3
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3-5
PSS®E 33.5
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Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
IEE2ST
STATEs
#
Description
K
First signal transducer
K+1
Second signal transducer
K+2
Washout
K+3
First lead-lag
K+4
Second lead-lag
K+5
Third lead-lag
VARs
#
Description
L
Memory
L+1
Derivative of pu bus voltage, first bus
L+2
Memory
L+3
Derivative of pu bus voltage, second bus
ICONs
#
Value
Description
ICS1, first stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
3 generator electrical power on
MBASE base (pu)
M
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage (pu)
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
M+1
IB1, first remote bus number
M+2
ICS2, second stabilizer input code
M+3
IB2, second remote bus number
IBUS, ’IEE2ST’, ID, ICON(M) to ICON(M+3), CON(J) to CON(J+15)
Input
Signal #1
/
K1
1 + sT1
+


sT3
1 + sT4
1 + sT5
1 + sT6
1 + sT7
1 + sT8
+
Input
Signal #2
K2
1 + sT2
LSMAX
1 + sT9
1 + sT10
Output Limiter
VS = VSS if (VCU > VCT > VCL)
VSS
LSMIN
VS = 0 if (VCT < VCL)
VOTHSG
VS = 0 if (VCT > VCU)
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3-6
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
IEEEST
3.3 IEEEST
IEEE Stabilizing Model
This model is located at system bus #
Machine identifier
IBUS,
#
ID,
This model uses CONs starting with #
J,
and STATEs starting with
#
K,
and VARs starting with
#
L,
and ICONs starting with
#
M.
CONs
#
Value
Input
Based on
ICON(M)
Value
IEEEST
VOTHSG
Auxiliary
Signal
Description
J
A1
J+1
A2
J+2
A3
J+3
A4
J+4
A5
J+5
A6
J+6
T1 (sec)
J+7
T2 (sec)
J+8
T3 (sec)
J+9
T4 (sec)
J+10
T5 (sec)1
J+11
T6 (>0) (sec)
J+12
KS
J+13
LSMAX
J+14
LSMIN
J+15
VCU (pu) (if equal zero, ignored)
J+16
VCL (pu) (if equal zero, ignored.)
1 If T equals 0, sT will equal 1.0.
5
5
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PSS®E 33.5
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Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
IEEEST
STATEs
#
Description
K
1st filter integration
K+1
2nd filter integration
K+2
3rd filter integration
K+3
4th filter integration
K+4
T1/T2 lead-lag integrator
K+5
T3/T4 lead-lag integrator
K+6
Last integer
VARs
#
L
Memory
L+1
ICONs
Description
Derivative of pu bus voltage
#
Value
Description
Stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
3 generator electrical power on
MBASE base (pu)
M
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage (pu)
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
IB, remote bus number 2, 5, 6 1, 2
M+1
1 ICON(M+1) may be nonzero only when ICON(M) is 2, 5, or 6.
2 If ICON(M+1) is zero, the terminal quantity is used.
IBUS, ’IEEEST’, ID, ICON(M) and ICON(M+1), CON(J) to CON(J+16)
/
Filter
Input
Signal
1 + A5s + A6s2
(1 + A1s + A2s2) (1 + A3s + A4s2)
1 + sT1
1 + sT2
1 + sT3
1 + sT4
Output Limiter
LSMAX
KS
sT5
1 + sT6
VS = VSS, if (VCU > VCT > VCL)
VSS
LSMIN
VS = 0, if (VCT < VCL)
VOTHSG
VS = 0, if (VCT > VCU)
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3-8
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS1A
3.7 PSS1A
IEEE Std. 421.5-2005 PSS1A Single-Input Stabilizer Model
The PSS®E model IEEEST can be used to simulate the PSS1A model. The correspondence
between the IEEEST model CONs and the PSS1A parameters (shown in the block) diagram are as
given in the table below.
CONs
PSS1A parameter
(as shown in the PSS1A block diagram)
IEEEST CON
J
A1
A1
J+1
A2
A2
J+2
A3
TR
J+3
A4
0.0
J+4
A5
0.0
J+5
A6
0.0
J+6
T1
T1
J+7
T2
T2
J+8
T3
T3
J+9
T4
T4
J+10
T5
Tw
J+11
T6
Tw
J+12
KS
KS
J+13
LSMAX
VSTMAX
J+14
LSMIN
VSTMIN
J+15
VCU
0.0
J+16
VCL
0.0
IBUS, ’IEEEST’, ID, ICON(M), ICON(M+1), CON(J) to CON(J+16)
/
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3-15
PSS®E 33.5
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Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2A
3.8 PSS2A
IEEE Dual-Input Stabilizer Model
This model is located at system bus #
IBUS,
Machine identifier
ID,
#
This model uses CONs starting with #
J,
and STATEs starting with
#
K,
and VARs starting with
#
L,
and ICONs starting with
#
M.
CONs
J
#
Value
Input Based on
ICON(M)
Input Based on
ICON(M+2)
PSS2A
VOTHSG
Auxiliary
Signal
Description
Tw1 (>0)
J+1
Tw2
J+2
T6
J+3
Tw3 (>0)
J+4
Tw4
J+5
T7
J+6
KS2
J+7
KS3
J+8
T8
J+9
T9 (>0)
J+10
KS1
J+11
T1
J+12
T2
J+13
T3
J+14
T4
J+15
VSTMAX
J+16
VSTMIN
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3-16
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2A
STATEs
#
Description
K
Washout, first signal
K+1
Washout, first signal
K+2
Transducer, first signal
K+3
Washout, second signal
K+4
Washout, second signal
K+5
Transducer, second signal
K+6
.
.
.
K+13
Ramp Tracking Filter
K+14
First lead-lag
K+15
Second lead-lag
VARs
#
L
Description
Memory
L+1
Derivative of pu bus voltage, first bus
L+2
Memory
L+3
Derivative of pu bus voltage, second bus
ICONs
#
Value
Description
ICS1, first stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
M
3 generator electrical power on
MBASE base (pu)
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage (pu)
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
M+1
REMBUS1, first remote bus number
ICS2, second stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
M+2
3 generator electrical power on
MBASE base (pu)
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage (pu)
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
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3-17
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2A
ICONs
#
Value
Description
M+3
REMBUS2, second remote bus
number
M+4
M, ramp tracking filter
M+5
N, ramp tracking filter
Model Notes:
Ramp Tracking Filter
M0
N0
M N 8
If M = 0, then N is set equal to 0
To bypass: set M = N = 0
Washouts
To bypass second washout, first signal: set Tw2 = 0
To bypass second washout, second signal: set Tw4 = 0
Transducers
To bypass first signal transducer: set T6 = 0
To bypass second signal transducer: set T7 = 0
Lead-Lags
To bypass first lead-lag: set T1 = T2 = 0
To bypass second lead-lag: set T3 = T4 = 0
IBUS, ’PSS2A’, ID, ICON(M) to ICON(M+5), CON(J) to CON(J+16)
/
VSTMAX
Input
Signal #1
sTw1
1 + sTw1
sTw2
1 + sTw2
+
1

1 + sT6
+
N
1 + sT8
(1 + sT9)M
+

–
KS1
1 + sT1
1 + sT3
1 + sT2
1 + sT4
VOTHSG
VSTMIN
KS3
Input
Signal #2
sTw3
1 + sTw3
sTw4
1 + sTw4
KS2
1 + sT7
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3-18
PSS®E 33.5
PSS®E Model Library
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2B
3.9 PSS2B
IEEE 421.5 2005 PSS2B IEEE Dual-Input Stabilizer Model
This model is located at system bus
Machine identifier
#
#
This model uses CONs starting with
_ IBUS,
ID.
#
_ J,
and STATEs starting with
#
_ K,
and VARs starting with
#
_ L,
and ICONs starting with
#
_ M.
CONs
J
#
Value
Description
Tw1 (> 0)
J+1
Tw2
J+2
T6
J+3
Tw3
J+4
Tw4
J+5
T7
J+6
KS2
J+7
KS3
J+8
T8
J+9
T9 (> 0)
J+10
KS1
J+11
T1
J+12
T2
J+13
T3
J+14
T4
J+15
T10
J+16
T11
J+17
VS1MAX
J+18
VS1MIN
J+19
VS2MAX
J+20
VS2MIN
J+21
VSTMAX
J+22
VSTMIN
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3-19
PSS®E 33.5
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Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2B
STATEs
#
Description
K
Washout-first signal
K+1
Washout-first signal
K+2
Transducer-first signal
K+3
Washout-second signal
K+4
Washout-second signal
K+5
Transducer-second signal
K+6
.
.
.
K+13
Ramp tracking filter
K+14
First lead-lag
K+15
Second lead-lag
K+16
Third lead-lag
VARs
L
#
Description
Memory
L+1
Derivative of pu bus voltage-first bus
L+2
Memory
L+3
Derivative of pu bus voltage-second bus
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3-20
PSS®E 33.5
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ICON
#
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2B
Value
Description
ICS1, first stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
M
3 generator electrical power on MBASE base (pu)
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
M+1
REMBUS1, first remote bus to be entered as 0 for
input codes 1, 3, and 4.
ICS2, second stabilizer input code:
1 rotor speed deviation (pu)
2 bus frequency deviation (pu)
M+2
3 generator electrical power on MBASE base (pu)
4 generator accelerating power (pu)
5 bus voltage
6 derivative of pu bus voltage
M+3
REMBUS2, second remote bus to be entered as 0
for input codes 1, 3, and 4.
M+4
M, ramp tracking filter
M+5
N, ramp tracking filter
IBUS, ’PSS2B’, ID, ICON(M) to ICON(M+5), CON(J) to CON(J+22)
/
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3-21
PSS®E 33.5
Stabilizer Model Data Sheets
PSS2B
PSS®E Model Library
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3-22
International.