Chapter 39
Historical Terms and Concepts to Know *Who, what, where, why, when, how, so
what?
1. Mao Zedong
2. Richard Nixon
3. Babrak Karmal
4. Muhammad Najibullah
5. Lázaro Cárdenas
6. Cuauhtemoc Cárdenas
7. Juan Perón
8. Eva Perón
9. Bernard Dadie
10. Mohandas Gandhi
11. Jawaharlal Nehru
12. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
13. Kwame Nkrumah
14. Nelson Mandela
15. F. W. de Klerk
16. Mobutu Sese Seko
17. Patrice Lumumba
18. Laurent Kabila
19. Anwar Sadat
20. Yasser Arafat
21. Yitzhak Rabin
22. Shah Mohammed Reza
Pahlavi
23. Ayatollah Ruhollah
Khomeini
24. Saddam Hussein
25. Deng Xiaoping
26. Indira Gandhi
27. Vietnamization
28. Paris Peace Accords
29. Mujahideen
30. Taliban
31. Institutional
Revolutionary Party
32. Descamisados
33. Organization of African
Unity
34. Apartheid
35. Freedom Charter
36. Sharpeville massacre
37. Iran-Iraq War
38. Gulf War
39. Great Leap Forward
40. Great Proletarian
Cultural Revolution
41. Tiananmen Square
Discussion Questions
42. Examine the philosophy and career of Mao Zedong. Was his variety of communism different
from that practiced in the Soviet Union? Discuss the significance of the Great Leap Forward
and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. How successful was Mao?
43. Examine the transformation of Latin America in the twentieth century. What did the events
in Mexico and Argentina say about the changing political, economic, and social worlds of
Latin America?
44. Examine the struggle of independent nations in sub-Saharan Africa. How did the legacy of
colonialism and the cold war influence the development of these states? Discuss the creation
and later fall of apartheid in South Africa. Examine the history of the Democratic Republic of
the Congo.
45. Examine the important economic factors that influenced the second half of the twentieth
century. Discuss the importance of economic alliances such as OPEC and GATT. How
important were regional trading alliances such as ASEAN and NAFTA?
46. Discuss the exploding economies of Asia in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Discuss
the reforms of Deng Xiaoping in China. Why was Japan so successful? Examine the rise of the
“four little tigers.”
47. What was the significance of the Iran-Iraq War? Was it influenced in any way by legacies of
the cold war? Discuss the implications of the Gulf War.
Chapter 39
Discussion Questions
48. Examine the philosophy and career of Mao Zedong. Was his variety of communism different
from that practiced in the Soviet Union? Discuss the significance of the Great Leap Forward
and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. How successful was Mao?
49. Examine the transformation of Latin America in the twentieth century. What did the events
in Mexico and Argentina say about the changing political, economic, and social worlds of
Latin America?
50. Examine the struggle of independent nations in sub-Saharan Africa. How did the legacy of
colonialism and the cold war influence the development of these states? Discuss the creation
and later fall of apartheid in South Africa. Examine the history of the Democratic Republic of
the Congo.
51. Examine the important economic factors that influenced the second half of the twentieth
century. Discuss the importance of economic alliances such as OPEC and GATT. How
important were regional trading alliances such as ASEAN and NAFTA?
52. Discuss the exploding economies of Asia in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Discuss
the reforms of Deng Xiaoping in China. Why was Japan so successful? Examine the rise of the
“four little tigers.”
53. What was the significance of the Iran-Iraq War? Was it influenced in any way by legacies of
the cold war? Discuss the implications of the Gulf War.
Historical Terms and Concepts to Know *Who, what, where, why, when, how, so
what?
54. Mao Zedong
55. Richard Nixon
56. Babrak Karmal
57. Muhammad Najibullah
58. Lázaro Cárdenas
59. Cuauhtemoc Cárdenas
60. Juan Perón
61. Eva Perón
62. Bernard Dadie
63. Mohandas Gandhi
64. Jawaharlal Nehru
65. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
66. Kwame Nkrumah
67. Nelson Mandela
68. F. W. de Klerk
69. Mobutu Sese Seko
70. Patrice Lumumba
71. Laurent Kabila
72. Anwar Sadat
73. Yasser Arafat
74. Yitzhak Rabin
75. Shah Mohammed Reza
Pahlavi
76. Ayatollah Ruhollah
Khomeini
77. Saddam Hussein
78. Deng Xiaoping
79. Indira Gandhi
80. Vietnamization
81. Paris Peace Accords
82. Mujahideen
83. Taliban
84. Institutional
Revolutionary Party
85. Descamisados
86. Organization of African
Unity
87. Apartheid
88. Freedom Charter
89. Sharpeville massacre
90. Iran-Iraq War
91. Gulf War
92. Great Leap Forward
93. Great Proletarian
Cultural Revolution
94. Tiananmen Square
Chapter 13