Modern Genetics Quiz- Part 2 of 2- Mutations and Biotechnology
1.
ABCD-
A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This
condition is most likely due to a change in the directions coded in the
number of hydrogen atoms in starch molecules
sequence of inorganic molecules
number of carbon atoms in sugar molecules
sequence of bases in DNA
The diagrams below represent portions of the genes that code for wing structure
in two organisms of the same species. Gene 1 was taken from the cells of a female
with normal wings, and gene 2 was taken from the cells of a female with abnormal
wings.
2. . The abnormal wing structure was most likely due to:
ABCD-
an insertion
a deletion
a substitution
normal replication
3. During the warm temperatures of summer, the arctic fox produces enzymes that cause its
fur to become reddish brown. During the cold temperatures of winter, these enzymes do
not function. As a result, the fox has a white coat that blends into the snowy background.
This change in fur color shows that
A -the genes of a fox are made of unstable DNA
B- mutations are not caused by temperature extremes
C- random alteration of DNA can occur on certain chromosomes
D- the expression of certain gene can be altered and affected by temperature
4. New inheritable characteristics would be least likely to result from
A- mutations which occur in muscle cells and skin cells
B- mutations which occur in male gametes
C- mutations which occur in female gametes
D- the sorting and recombination of existing genes during meiosis and
fertilization
Molecule 1 represents a segment of hereditary information, and molecule 2 represents the
portion of a molecule that is determined by information from molecule 1.
5. What will happen if there is a change in the first three nitrogen bases on the upper strand of
molecule 1?
ABCD-
The remaining nitrogen bases in molecule 1 will also change.
A portion of molecule 2 may be different.
Molecule 1 will split apart
Molecule 2 may form two strands rather than one.
6. A mutation that involves one nucleotide is called a(an)
A. chromosomal mutation.
C. point mutation.
B. inversion.
D. translocation.
7. X-Ray, ultraviolet light, radioactive substances and chemicals that can change the chemical
nature of DNA are classified as:
A. growth regulators. B. metamorphic molecules. C. hydrolytic enzymes. D. mutagens.
8. What type of mutation is illustrated by the sequences of DNA below?
Original strand A C T G A G
Mutated strand A C T T A G
A.
B.
C.
D.
inversion
substitution
deletion
insertion
9. What type of mutation is illustrated by the sequences of DNA below?
Original strand
Mutated strand
A.
B.
C.
D.
inversion
substitution
deletion
insertion
A C T G A
A C T GAA G
The hunting of black bear for body parts is illegal. On an expedition, hunters found what they
thought were the remainder of a black bear. They reported it to a ranger with the Game and
Wildlife Commission. Samples of animal blood and tissue were collected from the bear’s
remains and from 4 nearby hunting camps. DNA from the black bear was placed in well 1 on the
gel and the four samples from the hunting camps were placed in wells 2 through 5.
1
2
DNA Samples
Well 1 Bear DNA
Well 2 Hunting Camp A
Well 3 Hunting Camp B
Well 4 Hunting Camp C
Well 5 Hunting Camp D
10. Which of the camps was most likely involved in the crime?
A. Hunting Camp A
B. Hunting Camp B
C. Hunting Camp C
D. Hunting Camp D
3
4
5
11. Researchers from the University of Wyoming have been able to insert a gene into goats that
cause silk from spiders to be excreted in the goat’s milk. The silk is collected and refined. The
genetically modified organism, the goat, is an example of what type of organism?
A.
B.
C.
D.
cloned
transcribed
transgenic
chemosynthetic
12. The substance used during gel electrophoresis that causes DNA to be cut into several smaller
fragments is
A. restriction enzymes.
B. nucleotides.
C. RNA polymerase.
D. templates.
13. The following is an example of what type of mutation:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Substitution
Point Mutation
Frameshift
Chromosomal
14. Which of the following is NOT a gene mutation?
A. inversion
C. deletion
B. insertion
D. Substitution
15. Genetic Engineering manipulates gene at the level of:
A. protein
C. DNA
B. amino acid
D. RNA
16. The process that involves cutting a gene from its normal location, inserting it into a circular
piece of DNA from a bacterial cell, and then transferring the circle of DNA to other cells of
another species is called
A. Recombinant RNA technology
B. Recombinant DNA technology
C. Forensic Science
D. Cloning
17. Which of the following molecules is used to unzip DNA?
A. polymerase
B. helicase
C. ligase
D. restriction enzyme
18. A new type of corn is being tested as a potential replacement crop in the southwestern United
States (desert). What specific trait would scientists most likely seek to genetically modify to
make this crop more adapted to its biome environment?
A. Disease resistance
B. Drought resistance
C. Sweeter tasting kernels
D. Insect resistance
19. Which of the following is a cause of a frame shift mutation?
A. Deletion
B. Translocation
C. Inversion
D. Transcription
20. A frame shift mutation ultimately leads to a change in
A. mRNA codon sequence.
B. Amino acid sequence.
C. Specific Protein synthesis.
D. All of the above.
Blast from the Past- Cells, Ecology and Energy
21. By which process are two daughter nuclei formed that are identical to each other and to the
original nucleus?
A. meiosis
B. synapses
C. fertilization
D. mitosis
22. Which statement describes all enzymes?
A. They control the transport of material.
B. They provide energy for chemical reactions.
C. The affect the rate of chemical reactions.
D. They absorb oxygen from the environment.
23. Plants take in carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis. This use of carbon
dioxide is an example of _________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Creation of matter
Energy flow
Cycling of matter
Conservation of energy
24.
In the desert, the amount of rainfall is a limiting factor due to the warm, dry climate.
Which adaptation would help a plant compete for absorption of moisture in the desert?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Short stem height
Shallow roots
Ability to grow towards light
Spiny leaves
25. Homeostasis can best be defined as the ________.
A. mature period of an organism’s life cycle when little change occurs
B. .maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
C. maintenance of a constant external environment
D. period of no change in evolutionary history