FRAME THE LESSON
TEACHER:
CLASS: 8th Grade
DATE: September 14-15
M T W TH F
The New England Colonies
Student
Expectations Bundled in Lesson
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Noun=Underline
Verb=Italicize
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1A: identify the major eras and events in U.S. history through 1877, including colonization, revolution, drafting of the
Declaration of Independence, creation and ratification of the Constitution, religious revivals such as the Second Great
Awakening, early republic, the Age of Jackson, westward expansion, reform movements, sectionalism, Civil War, and
Reconstruction, and describe their causes and effects
1C: explain the significance of the following dates: 1607, founding of Jamestown; 1620, arrival of the Pilgrims and
signing of the Mayflower Compact; 1776, adoption of the Declaration of Independence; 1787, writing of the U.S.
Constitution; 1803, Louisiana Purchase; and 1861-1865, Civil War
2B: compare political, economic, religious, and social reasons for the establishment of the 13 English colonies
3A: explain the reasons for the growth of representative government and institutions during the colonial period
3B: analyze the importance of the Mayflower Compact, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, and the Virginia House
of Burgesses to the growth of representative government
3C: describe how religion and virtue contributed to the growth of representative government in the American colonies
10A: locate places and regions of importance in the United States during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
11A: analyze how physical characteristics of the environment influenced population distribution, settlement patterns, and
economic activities in the United States during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
11C: describe how different immigrant groups interacted with the environment in the United States during the 17th, 18th,
and 19th centuries
20A: explain the role of significant individuals such as Thomas Hooker, Charles de Montesquieu, John Locke, William
Blackstone, and William Penn in the development of self-government in colonial America
23A: identify selected racial, ethnic, and religious groups that settled in the United States and explain their reasons for
immigration
23C: identify ways conflicts between people from various racial, ethnic, and religious groups were resolved
3D: analyze the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups to our national identity
25A: trace the development of religious freedom in the United States
25B: describe religious motivation for immigration and influence on social movements, including the impact of the first
and second Great Awakenings
Resources/Materials
U.S. History
Textbook
Colonization through
Reconstruction pp.
77- 90
Interactive 3-D
Model: Plymouth
Plantation
Objective/Key Understanding:
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Vocabulary:
Critical Writing Prompt:
Explain how the desire for religious freedom led to the settlement of the
New England colonies.
Identify the significance of the Mayflower Compact.
Describe how conflicts over religion and politics were resolved in colonial
New England.
Identify reasons for conflict between settlers and Native Americans.
Pilgrim
precedent
established church
persecution
Puritans
General Court
Thanksgiving
Sabbath
town meeting
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Stop & Check for Understanding—High Level Questions
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Why did the Pilgrims want to establish their own colony?
What was the mayflower Compact?
How did Native Americans help the Pilgrims?
Why was the right to vote expanded in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
What relationship did Roger Williams want to see between government and religion?
What was a significant cause of King Phillip’s War?
What values did Puritans associate with town meetings?
Small Group Purposeful Talk Question Stems:
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What reasons led the Separatists to establish a colony in North America?
Describe the problems in Europe that motivated religious groups to immigrate to the colonies.
How do you think the arrival of Quakers, Pilgrims, and other religious groups affect religious freedom in the colonies?
Explain how the Mayflower Compact contributed to the growth of representative government in the colonies.
Why was the year 1620 significant for the development of religious freedom in the United States?
Compare and contrast the reasons for immigration of different religious groups, such as the Pilgrims and Puritans.
What relationship did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut have with the growth of representative government?
How did the founding of a new colony in Rhode Island resolve conflicts between people from various religious groups?
How did physical characteristics of the environment contribute to conflict between colonists and Native Americans?
Informal Assessment
 Questions 1-5 p. 90
Engage
Explore
Explain
Elaborate
 Have students preview the lesson objectives and the list of key terms (p. 77).
 Use the Editable Presentation found on the digital course to present the main ideas of the lesson (p. 77)
 Complete the Start Up Activity on p 77. Ask students what difficulties might the colonists have had to overcome when they first arrived to North America?
 Tell students in this lesson they will be learning about life in some of the early North American colonies.
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Divide the class into groups. Each group is to read a section and be prepared to discuss and share findings with the class.
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Seeking Religious Freedom (p. 78-79 );
Plymouth County and Overcoming Hardships of Plymouth (p. 79- 82);
Forming Massachusetts Bay Colony & New Colonies Form Over Religious Differences (p.82-86);
War Erupts Between Puritans and Native Americans (p. 86-88); and
The Towns of New England (p. 88-90).
Students are to read assigned sections and use the Note Taking Study Guide to help them take notes and understand the text as they read.
Seeking Religious Freedom (p. 78-79 )
 Tell students that Pilgrims and other religious groups were put on trial for violating religious restrictions in England. Explain that Pilgrims were one religious
group that settled in the United States. Religion was an important factor in motivating immigration to the Colonies.
Plymouth County and Overcoming Hardships of Plymouth (p. 79- 82)
 The Separatists won a charter from England to set up a colony in Virginia. Describe the Pilgrims’ religious motivation for migration to America. Project the
Interactive 3-D Model: Plymouth Plantation (p. 80) and drag the cursor across the image. Discuss how the physical characteristics of the environment
influenced the colony.
Forming Massachusetts Bay Colony & New Colonies Form Over Religious Differences (p.82-86)
 The Puritans established a new government in Massachusetts that did not tolerate religious dissent. Those who questioned the Puritans’ policies or beliefs were
forced to leave. As a result, other colonies were formed.
War Erupts Between Puritans and Native Americans (p. 86-88)
 Explain that conflicts broke out as settlements spread and colonists took over more Native American land. These conflicts would not be resolved for centuries.
The Towns of New England (p. 88-90)
 Puritans established close-knit towns and villages. People gathered together for town meetings and religious services. They modified the environment to
cultivate food and resources and to grow their economy. The culture, values, and traditions of this religious group had a lasting impact on American national
identity.
~Guided Reading and Discussion (p. 78-86):
 (p.78) Tell students that Pilgrims and other religious groups were put on trial for violating religious restrictions in England. Explain that Pilgrims were one
religious group that settled in the United States. Religion was an important factor in motivating immigration to the Colonies. Students will answer to the
following questions: What reasons led the Separatists to establish a colony in North America? Describe the problems in Europe that motivated religious groups
to immigrate to the colonies. How do you think the arrival of Quakers, Pilgrims, and other religious groups affect religious freedom in the colonies?
 (p. 80) Explain how the Mayflower Compact contributed to the growth of representative government in the colonies. Why was the year 1620 significant for the
development of religious freedom in the United States?
 (p. 83) Have students summarize why each group left Massachusetts Bay Colony and what happened as a result. Students will also demonstrate an
understanding by answering the following questions: What relationship did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut have with the growth of representative
government? How did the founding of a new colony in Rhode Island resolve conflicts between people from various religious groups?
 (p. 86) How did physical characteristics of the environment contribute to conflict between colonists and Native Americans?
~Analyzing Images and Maps (p. 82 & 89)
 (p. 82) This chart offers a snap shot of the people and the economy of the New England Colonies. What does the graph of imports and exports tell you about the
economy of the New England Colonies during the 1700s?
 Most of New England’s major towns were located on harbors along the coast. What does this locations suggest about their economies?
Evaluate
Assign the Digital Lesson Quiz for this lesson (p. 90). Teachers can also opt to have students demonstrate mastery by responding to the following questions on paper:
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Why did settling in Plymouth in late 1620 pose significant problems for the Pilgrims?
Compare and contrast the Pilgrims and the Puritans.
What examples from the text show colonists adapted their local economy to the government in which they lived?
What affect did population growth have on the conflict between colonists and Native Americans?
Cite evidence to support the claim that the New England Colonists promoted the ideals of democracy and self-government.
FRAME THE LESSON
TEACHER:
8th Grade
DATE: September 16-18
M T W TH F
The Middle Colonies
Student Expectations Bundled in Lesson
Noun=Underline Verb=Italicize
Resources/Materials
U.S. History Textbook
Colonization through
Reconstruction pp. 91-99
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2A: identify reasons for European exploration and colonization of North America
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2B: compare political, economic, religious, and social reasons for the establishment of the 13 English colonies
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11A: analyze how physical characteristics of the environment influenced population distribution, settlement
patterns, and economic activities in the United States during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
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11C: describe how different immigrant groups interacted with the environment in the United States during the
17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
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14B: describe the characteristics and the benefits of the U.S. free enterprise system during the 18th and 19th
centuries
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Online Editable
Presentation
(p. 91).
Interactive Gallery: The
Middle Colonies (p. 94)
& The Economy in the
Middle Colonies (p.97)
Digital Activity: Why
Do People Move (p. 96)
20A: explain the role of significant individuals such as Thomas Hooker, Charles de Montesquieu, John Locke,
William Blackstone, and William Penn in the development of self-government in colonial America
Critical Writing Prompt:
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23A: identify selected racial, ethnic, and religious groups that settled in the United States and explain their
reasons for immigration
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23D: analyze the contributions of people of various racial, ethnic, and religious groups to our national identity
Objective/Key Understanding:
Vocabulary
Explain the reasons for the establishment of the colonies of New York and New Jersey.
 Explain the reasons for the establishment of the colonies of Pennsylvania and
Delaware.
 Describe the economy of the Middle Colonies, including the relationship between the
economy and the physical environment.
patroon
royal colony established church
proprietary
colony
Quakers
cash crop
William Penn
Pennsylvania Dutch
S
~ Stop & Check for Understanding—High Level Questions
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Why did many people come to New Amsterdam?
What was a proprietary colony?
Why did Quakers want to establish their own colonies?
Why was so much of the Middle Colonies economy based on farming?
~ Small Group Purposeful Talk Question Stems:
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What were the political and economic reasons the Dutch and English colonized North America?
What were the characteristics and benefits of the free-enterprise system in New Jersey during the 18th century?
What ethnic and religious groups settled in New York?
Why did many religious groups choose to settle in New York during the 17th century?
For what economic reasons was the colony of New Jersey established?
Explain the role of William Penn in the development of self-government in colonial America.
Compare the political, economic, social, and religious reasons for the establishment of Pennsylvania as a colony with the political,
economic, and religious reasons for the establishment of other English colonies.
Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of the Middle Colonies and New England. How did the differences in the physical
environment contribute to economic differences between the two regions?
How did immigrants interact with the environment when they settled the backcountry in the 18th century?
~Rigor and Relevance (Real World Connections)
 ~Analyzing Charts (p. 99)
o Religious, economic, geographic, and ethnic differences distinguished the Middle Colonies from New England. Which colonial
region would you rather live in? Why?
Engage
Explore
Explain
Elaborate
Evaluate
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Have students preview the lesson objectives and the list of key terms (p. 91).
Use the Editable Presentation found on the digital course to present the main ideas of the lesson (p. 91)
Complete the Start Up Activity on p 91. Have students share what they know about the history of their city or town. What groups of people moved there and
what did they do?
 Tell students in this lesson they will be learning about the history of the Middle Colonies
Divide the class into groups. Each group is to read a section and be prepared to discuss and share findings with the class.
 A Dutch Colony Becomes English (p. 92-93);
 New Jersey Forms Out of New York (p. 93-95);
 Pennsylvania Becomes a Colony (p.95-97); and
 Daily Life in the Middle Colonies (p. 97-98).
Students are to read assigned sections and use the Note Taking Study Guide to help them take notes and understand the text as they read.
A Dutch Colony Becomes English (p. 92-93)
 Explain to students that Dutch Protestants founded New Amsterdam to make money from the fur trade. England then took over the colony and renamed it New
York. New York industry and New Jersey farmland attracted immigrants in search of peace, prosperity, and religious freedom.
New Jersey Forms Out of New York (p. 93-95)
 At the time of the English takeover, New York stretched as far south as the Delaware River. The Duke of York decided that the colony was too big to govern
easily. He gave some of the land to friends, Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. They set up a proprietary colony, which they called New Jersey. In 1664.
Pennsylvania Becomes a Colony (p.95-97)
 West of New Jersey, William Penn founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1681. Penn came from a wealthy English family and was a personal friend of King
Charles II. At age 22, however, Penn shocked family and friends by joining the Quakers, one of the most despised religious groups in England.
Daily Life in the Middle Colonies (p. 97-98)
 The majority of colonists made their living by farming. Farmers found more favorable conditions in the Middle Colonies than in New England. The broad
Hudson and Delaware river valleys were rich and fertile. Winters were milder than in New England, and the growing season lasted longer.
~Guided Reading and Discussion
 (p.92) Explain to students that Dutch Protestants founded New Amsterdam to make money from the fur trade. England then took over the colony and renamed
it New York. New York industry and New Jersey farmland attracted immigrants in search of peace, prosperity, and religious freedom. Students will answer the
following questions: What were the political and economic reasons the Dutch and English colonized North America? What were the characteristics and benefits
of the free-enterprise system in New Jersey during the 18th century?
 (p.93) At the time of the English takeover, New York stretched as far south as the Delaware River. The Duke of York decided that the colony was too big to
govern easily. He gave some of the land to friends, Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. They set up a proprietary colony, which they called New Jersey. In
1664. Students will answer the following questions: Why did many religious groups choose to settle in New York during the 17 th century? For what economic
reasons was the colony of New Jersey established?
 (p. 95) West of New Jersey, William Penn founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1681. Penn came from a wealthy English family and was a personal friend of
King Charles II. At age 22, however, Penn shocked family and friends by joining the Quakers, one of the most despised religious groups in England. Students
will answer the following questions: Explain the role of William Penn in the development of self-government in colonial America. Compare the political,
economic, social, and religious reasons for the establishment of Pennsylvania as a colony with the political, economic, and religious reasons for the
establishment of other English colonies.
 (p. 97) The majority of colonists made their living by farming. Farmers found more favorable conditions in the Middle Colonies than in New England. The
broad Hudson and Delaware river valleys were rich and fertile. Winters were milder than in New England, and the growing season lasted longer. Students will
answer the following questions: Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of the Middle Colonies and New England. How did the differences in the
physical environment contribute to economic differences between the two regions? How did immigrants interact with the environment when they settled the
backcountry in the 18th century?
~Analyzing Maps and Charts (p. 92 & 99)
 (p. 92) The Middle Colonies lay between the New England Colonies and the Southern Colonies. What geographic features of the Middle Colonies suggest that
they were well placed for trade?
 Religious, economic, geographic, and ethnic differences distinguished the Middle Colonies from New England. Which colonial region would you rather live in?
Why?
Assign the Digital Lesson Quiz for this lesson (p. 90). Teachers can also opt to have students demonstrate mastery by responding to the following questions on paper:





Why did settling in Plymouth in late 1620 pose significant problems for the Pilgrims?
Compare and contrast the Pilgrims and the Puritans.
What examples from the text show colonists adapted their local economy to the government in which they lived?
What affect did population growth have on the conflict between colonists and Native Americans?
Cite evidence to support the claim that the New England Colonists promoted the ideals of democracy and self-government.