Conceptual Chem
Unit 1 Section C Notes
Title – Investigating the cause of the fish kill
Main idea - solubility
C1 – Solubility of Solids in Water and Some Notes from Fedell
Solubility – the amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a
certain temperature
Solutions - homogeneous mixtures
solute - gets dissolved
solvent - does the dissolving
properties - uniform distribution of particles, won’t settle out, transparent, can’t be
filtered out
aqueous - (aq) -
Types of Solutions
gas - gas air
liquid- liquid alcohol in water
solid - solid - brass
alloy - __________________solution
also solid in liquid ( Kool Aid - oh yeah...) gas in liquid ( soda)
Pt)
gas in solid (H2 in
If you wish to dissolve a substance, you can help by:
1.
2.
3.
Solubility depends on:
1. nature of solute and solvent
polar
nonpolar
Vs.
water
salt
sugar
oil
gasoline
Styrofoam
(
↔
,
)
2. temperature
with solids, generally solubility
Graph of solubility vs. temperature for solids
with gases, it’s the opposite ( think cold soda)
a graph to explain soda and dead fishies......
Graph of solubility vs. temperature for gases
as temperature increases
Saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions
saturated solution - holds as much solute as it can at a given temp. and amount of solvent
(temp. must be stated - for gases, pressure must also be stated)
unsaturated solution - the solution is currently dissolving less than the maximum
supersaturated solution - the solution currently holds more than the maximum - how is
this possible? These solutions are created by saturating a hot solution and allowing it to
cool undisturbed
Dilute Vs. Concentrated
dilute –
concentrated not to be confused with
C2 – Solution Concentration
Concentration – the relationship between how much solute can dissolve in how much
solvent
Three types:
1. % by mass
2. ppm
3. grams/100 g of water (also g/100 mL or g/100 cm3)
C1…continued…Solubility and Solubility Curves
Show how to do solubility worksheets
C4 - Dissolving Ionic Compounds
Solubility and the nature of solute and solvent
dissolving an ionic compound in water
dissociation - separation of ions caused by the action of the solvent
hydration - the process of solute particles being surrounded by water
The ________________ are attracted to the _______ end of the water molecule. The
_________________ are attracted to the _______ end of the water molecule.
polar dissolves polar - “
”
IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE POLAR –THEY START WITH METALS
O2, CO2
fishies
- nonpolar - don’t dissolve very much in water, just enough for sodas and