Genetics Vocabulary – Pre-AP
1._____________________________
The passing of characteristics from parents to
offspring.
2. ____________________________
The branch of Biology that studies heredity.
3. ____________________________
Characteristics that are inherited.
4. ____________________________
Sex Cells
5. ____________________________
Male gametes in plants are located here.
6. ____________________________
Female gametes in plants are located here.
7. ____________________________
Male gametes in animals.
8. ____________________________
Female gametes in animals.
9. _____________________________
The uniting of male and female gametes.
10. ____________________________
The transfer of male pollen grains to the
female organ of the flower.
11. ____________________________
Different gene forms.
12. ____________________________
The way that an organism looks. EX. Tall
13. ____________________________
The gene combination. EX TT, Tt, tt
14. ____________________________ The two different terms that mean the same
gene combination. EX . TT or tt
____________________________
15. ____________________________
____________________________
The two different terms that mean different
gene combinations.
16._____________________________
Trait that is seen when a dominant gene is
paired with a recessive gene.
17. ____________________________
Trait that is not seen when a dominant gene is
paired with a recessive gene
18. ____________________________
Trait that can be seen only when two
recessive genes are paired together.
19. ____________________________
In the statement: Two alleles or gene forms,
one from the male and one from the female,
are needed for traits to be expressed. What
do we mean by expressed?
20. ____________________________
The letter notation to represent the original
parents in a cross.
21. ___________
The letter notations to represent the first
generation offspring (son or daughter) and
the second generation offspring (son or
daughter).
&
___________
22. ____________________________
A two-factor cross which involves two traits.
23. ____________________________
Law that states that the two alleles for each
trait must separate when sex cells are
formed.
24. ___________________________
Law that states that different traits are
inherited independently of each other.
25. ____________________________
Type of math used to predict the likelihood of
occurrences.
26. ____________________________
Inheritance pattern in which both alleles for
the trait are equally dominant, which
produces an offspring phenotype that
is somewhere between the two homologous
parents phenotypes.
EX.__________________________
27. ____________________________
EX.__________________________
28. ____________________________
EX.__________________________
Inheritance pattern in which both alleles for
the trait are equally dominant and both are
expressed in the offspring.
Inheritance pattern where the individual only
inherits two alleles but there are 3 or more
possible alleles in the whole population.
29. ____________________________
Inheritance pattern where phenotypes are the
result of the interaction of several genes often
on different chromosomes.
30. ____________________________
Pair of chromosomes -- one from the father
and one from the mother.
31. ____________________________
Cell that has 2 complete sets of chromosomes—
one from each parent that have two complete
sets of genes. EX: any body cell (not sex cells)
32. ___________________________ Cell that has one set of chromosomes (one set of
genes) which is half of amount that a normal
body cell for that type of individual.
33. ___________________________
Tightly coiled microscopic structures made
mostly of DNA that appear banded because they
consist of sections of DNA (genes) that code for
the production of proteins and therefore
determine a trait. Each of these consists of
millions of bases.
34. __________________________
A process of cell division that reduces the
number of chromosomes in a cell by going
through two cell divisions to take one diploid cell
and produce four haploid cells.
35. __________________________
The exchange of chromosome parts (genes)
between two homologous chromosomes as they
touch each other when the sister chromatids
form a tetrad in Prophase I.
36. __________________________
A listing of the known genes on a chromosome
that are named after the problem that the
abnormal alleles cause.
.