Unit 3 – Cell Review
I.
The Microscope (1pt each)
1. There are two types of microscopes. The compound light microscope and the _?_.
a. electron
b. element
c. neutron
d. proton
2. Who first discovered cells?
a. scientists who wanted to confirm the cell theory
b. scientists looking at skin cells through microscopes
c. scientists looking at living plants through microscopes
d. scientists looking at cork and pond water through microscopes
II
History & Introduction of Cell Biology (1pt each)
3. Which scientist created a microscope that allowed him to see bacteria from his own teeth?
a. Hooke
c. van Leeuwenhoek
b. Schwann
d. Virchow
4. Which of the following arrangements lists items from simpler to more complex?
a. tissue, cell, organ system, organ
b. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
c. tissue, organ, organ system, cell
d. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
5. How do cells in multicellular organisms differ from other groups of cells?
a. Cells in multicellular organisms are all identical.
b. Cells in multicellular organisms all adhere to one another.
c. Cells in multicellular organisms carry on most of the major functions of life.
d. Cells in multicellular organisms are each unique.
II. Cell Organelles & Features (1pt each)
6. What is the main function of a cell’s nucleus?
a. channel substances
b. assemble ribosomes
c. make proteins
d. store DNA
7. Which of these is responsible for making proteins in all types of cells?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. ribosomes
b. smooth ER
d. lysosomes
8. Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because
a. the cell can burst if the membrane becomes too large.
b. materials cannot enter the cell if the surface is too large.
c. the cell may become too large to take in enough food and to remove enough wastes.
d. waste products cannot leave the cell if the cell is too small.
Unit 3 – Cell Review
Questions 8 and 9 refer to the following figure, which shows the packaging and distribution of proteins
inside the cell.
9. The structures labeled A are _?_.
a. chloroplasts.
b. lysosomes.
c. vesicles.
d. ribosomes.
10. The structure labeled C is _?_.
a. the endoplasmic reticulum.
b. a mitochondrion.
c. a Golgi apparatus.
d. the nucleus.
Write the letter of the description to the left of each term with the best match. (1pt each)
11. Endoplasmic reticulum
a. A small sac formed from part of a membrane.
12. Chloroplast
b. system of internal membranes that moves proteins and
other substances through the cell.
13. Lysosome
c. An organelle that uses energy from organic compounds
to make ATP.
14. Mitochondria
d. organelle that uses light energy to make sugar from
carbon dioxide and water.
15. Vesicle
e. Contains specific enzymes to break down large molecules.
Unit 3 – Cell Review
Write the letter of the description to the left of each term with the best match. (1pt each)
16. Eukaryote
a. Internal compartment that houses a cell’s DNA
17. Organelle
b. Organism made of a simple cell that has free-floating
genetic material and few cell structures
18. Prokaryote
c. An made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus
and membrane-bound cell structures
19. Cell membrane
d. outer boundary of a cell
20. Nucleus
e. Specialized cell body inside a cell that performs a
specific function
IV. Plant and Animal Cells (1pt each)
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question.
21. True / False. In plants, chloroplasts use light energy to make sugars.
22. The cell in the figure is a _?_.
a. prokaryotic cell.
b. eukaryotic cell.
c. plant cell.
d. Both (b) and (c)
23. The structure labeled A _?_.
a. supports the cell.
b. protects the cell.
c. surrounds the cell membrane.
d. All of the above
24. Which cell structures do all bacteria and plants have in common?
a. chloroplasts
b. a cell wall
c. pili
d. Both (a) and (c)
V. Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic (1pt each)
25. In prokaryotic cells, the genetic material _?_.
a. is found in the DNA and RNA.
c. is found in the nucleus.
b. is found in the nucleolus.
d. is a single loop that looks like a tangled string.
Unit 3 – Cell Review
26. Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that eukaryotic cells _?_.
a. have a nucleus
c. lack ribosomes
b. lack organelles
d. have a cell wall
27. Refer to the illustration above. Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote?
a. structure 1
c. structure
b. structure 2
d. 3
structure
4
28. Refer to the illustration above. The cell uses structure 3
a. to transport material from one part of the cell to another.
b. to package proteins so they can be stored by the cell.
c. as a receptor.
d. to produce energy for the cell.
29. Refer to the illustration above. Structure 5 is
a. the endoplasmic reticulum.
b. a Golgi apparatus.
c. a mitochondrion.
d. the nucleus.
30. Refer to the illustration above. This cell’s chromosomes are found in
a. structure 1.
c. structure 3.
b.
structure 2.
d.
structure 5
31. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown is probably an animal cell because
a. it has mitochondria.
b. it does not have a cell wall.
c. it has a plasma membrane.
d. it does not have a nucleus.
Answer the questions below using complete sentences. If the sentence is not complete your
answer will be counted wrong.
Unit 3 – Cell Review
32. (3 points) List the three parts of the cell theory.
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33. (2 points) List two primary differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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34. (2 points) List two differences between an animal cell and a plant cell.
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Extra Credit (5)
1. Ribosome : protein synthesis :: mitochondria : _?_.
a. cell support
Unit 3 – Cell Review
b. nutrient storage
c. energy release
d. protein transport
This graph shows the amount of ATP in the muscles of a squid after the squid had been exposed to low
oxygen concentrations. Use the graph to answer the following question.
2. At what time during the experiment were the mitochondria in the squid’s muscles producing the most
energy?
a. 0 minute
b. 30 minutes
c. 15 minutes
d. 45 minutes
Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase in the space provided.
3. ____________________________________ are cell structures common to both prokaryotes and
eukaryotes on which proteins are made.
4
The nucleus has a double membrane, called the nuclear envelope, which helps protect a cell’s
___________________________________ from becoming damaged or lost.
5. Vesicles which contain enzymes that break down large molecules are called
_________________________________.