INTL 423/523. Development and the Muslim World
Dr. Angela Joya
Email: ajoya@uoregon.edu
Office Hours: Mon: 10:30-11:30; Thu: 2-3 and by appointment (347 PLC)
Tue/Thu 10:00-11:50 101 ALL
Description: The unique character and focus of the University of Oregon Department of
International Studies (IS) is distinctly captured in the phrase ‘Culture and Development’. We
integrate theory and practice, drawing pragmatically from many disciplines to find the best
mix of approaches to address rapidly changing and complex global issues in our classes.
Our introductory course, INTL 101, Introduction to International Issues, and four 200 level
courses (INTL 240: Perspectives on International Development; 250: Value Systems and
Cross-Cultural Perspectives; 260: Culture, Capitalism, and Globalization; 280: Global
Environmental Issues) are the intellectual core of the IS major, foundational courses where
our students learn to link human security and people-centered social change to questions of
culture, belonging and meaning. We conceive culture in a broad sense that encompasses
social, political, economic, and religious institutions, processes and relations, as well as the
environment. Each core course has a different emphasis that enables students to cover the
range of themes and issues characteristic of the wide universe of international studies.
Students will find these courses share a common purpose of fostering critical and crosscultural thinking, encouraging them to seek out and understand diverse perspectives on topics
such as globalization, development, environment, communication, health and human rights.
In the process students learn to get outside of their preconceived worldviews on these and
other matters. These five courses, together, provide the foundation for deeper investigation of
issues, regions, and cultures in our 300 and 400 level INTL courses.
This course INTL 423/523. Development and the Muslim World critically examines processes
of development in the Muslim World. In the first section, we examine the problems of
defining the ‘Muslim World’ and assessing the role that Islam plays in its social, economic
and political development. Emphasis will be placed on the problem of ‘essentializing’ the
Muslim world at the expense of appreciating the specific histories, struggles, cultures and
languages that constitute the various countries that make up the Muslim world. Section two
surveys the impact of colonialism, imperialism and modern state formation on the
development the Middle East and North Africa, South Asia and South East Asia in the
modern period. In section three, we examine specific cases of national development by
looking at state building, nationalism, the role of Political Islam, the creation of Islamic
institutions, and the various economic development models adopted in different Muslim
countries. Finally, section four examines specific areas of development such as
unemployment and poverty, child labour, food insecurity, poverty and women’s rights.
A critical examination of these themes will be organized around a number of broad questions:
How has development been defined and why does it remain contested? What are the
alternatives and what do these mean for a new development project? What is the role of
geopolitics in shaping developments in the Muslim World? How can the Muslim world
reconcile the goals of social justice and meaningful human development while embracing a
capitalist system?
The course concludes with an examination of the complexities that define different Muslim
countries and the commonalities they increasingly share in the context of globalization. We
will also examine the alternative models of development and assess their relevance in dealing
with the social problems that affect the daily lives of citizens in Muslim countries.
By the end of this course students will:
 Develop a historical understanding of how various societies in the Muslim
world have emerged as a result of historical processes such as colonialism,
imperialism and nationalism.
 Become familiar with theoretical explanations of why non-western countries
and specially countries the Muslim World have not replicated the western
model of ‘development’
 Be able to identify a number of socioeconomic problems that the case study
countries grapple with such as poverty, unemployment, women’s rights, food
security.
 Acquire knowledge of alternative models of development espoused in the
countries under study and the tools of such development such as Islamic
Finance.
 Develop written skills by examining the developmental models in a specific
‘Muslim’ country through their assignment of a Country Case Study.
Class Organization:
Students will meet twice weekly on Tue and Thu from 10-00-11:50. In the first part of class,
you will have a 45-minute lecture that will introduce you to the reading materials of the
week. The remainder of the class will be conducted as a seminar with the expectation that all
of you do the required readings and fully participate in class discussions. This second part
will take the form of group discussions, question and answer and short quizzes. You are
encouraged to read a newspaper from the case study countries and share new items in the
class with others.
The GTF for this course is:
 Julie Cason (jcason2@uoregon.edu)
Assessment:
 Short Essay: 25 %
 Country Case Study: 40% (Literature Review, Essay Proposal, Essay: length
of essay will be determined differently for undergrads and grads)
 Class Participation: 25 % (regular attendance and participation in class
discussions, engagement with the readings, presentations)
 Short multiple-choice Quizzes: 10% (weekly)
Note: The length of the essay assignments will differ for graduate students from that of the
undergraduates. Graduate students may also be required to make an oral presentation of their
country case study.
Useful Online Media Sources:
Here is a list of media sources for the Muslim World that you can visit to find out about
current events:
The News (Pakistan)
Dawn (Pakistan)
Tehran Times (Iran)
The New Straits Times (Malaysia)
The Jakarta Post (Indonesia)
Al-Ahram Weekly (Egypt)
The Gulf News (GCC)
MERIP Reports (Middle East and North Africa)
Zaman Online (Turkey)
Middle East News Internet Press Directory (A resource that includes print, audio and video
resources from throughout the Middle East)
Middle East Resources (compiled by the Middle East section of the American
Anthropological Association)
Reading:
 All the reading materials (book chapters, journal articles, international reports) will be
made available on BlackBoard or you will be provided the links to them. A number of
books that are frequently used will be ordered at the Duckstore for purchase.
 Where relevant and to learn why themes such as poverty, women and girls’ rights,
food security have been identified as challenges by the United Nations, we will be
referring to the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs):
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtml
 We will be referring to the UN Human Development Report (2013) for various
countries under study here so be sure to familiarize yourself with the report. The
report is available at:
http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf
Course Outline
I. Introduction: Development Theory and the Islamic World (April 1, 3)
Lecture 1: Conceptualizing Development and Underdevelopment in the Muslim World
o Zachary Lockman, Contending Visions of the Middle East: The History and
Politics of Orientalism, Cambridge, 2010 (2nd edition), ch.2 ‘Islam, the West
and the Rest’ and ch.3 ‘Orientalism and Empire’.
o Simon W Murden, Islam, the Middle East and the New Global Hegemony,
Lynne Rienner, 2002, ch.4 ‘The Impact of the Global Economy in the Muslim
Countries.’
o Charles Tripp, Islam and the Moral Economy: The Challenge of Capitalism,
Cambridge University Press, 2006 (Introduction).
Recommended:
o Ibrahim Abu-Rabi’ (ed.) Islamic Resurgence: Challenges, Directions and
Future Perspectives, World and Islam Studies Enterprise (WISE), Tampa,
Florida, 1994, ch. 3 ‘Islamic Resurgence: Challenges, Directions and Future
Perspectives’ and ch. 4 ‘Islamic Conception of Economic Development and
Modernization: General Discussion’.
Lecture 2: Explaining ‘Underdevelopment’ in non-Western World (including the
Muslim World)
o Ian Roxborough, Theories of Development, Macmillan Press Ltd., 1979, chs.
1-4.
o Timur Kuran, Islam and Mammon: The Economic Predicaments of Islamism,
Princeton, 2004, ch. 6, ‘Islam and Underdevelopment: an old puzzle revisited’.
o Robert Springborg (ed.), Development Models in Muslim Contexts: Chinese,
‘Islamic’ and Neo-Liberal Alternatives, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
Press, 2009.
o Bryan S. Turner, ‘Islam, Capitalism and the Weber Thesis’, British Journal of
Sociology, Vol. 25, No. 2, Jun. 1974, pp. 230-243,
Recommended:
o A. G. Frank, ‘The Development of Underdevelopment’, in Imperialism and
Underdevelopment: A Reader, edited by Robert I. Rhodes, New York:
Monthly Review Press, 1970.
o Sandra Halperin, ‘The Cold War: Containment and the ‘Development’
Project’, in Re-Envisioning Global Development: A Horizontal Perspective,
2013 (pp. 11-26 and 188-198).
II. Colonialism, Imperialism and the emergence of Modern States in the Muslim World:
(April 8,10, 15,17)
Lectures 3 and 4: The Middle East
o Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle
East, Routledge, 2002 (2nd edition), Introduction and Ch.1.
o Zachary Lockman, Contending Visions of the Middle East:The History and
Politics of Orientalism, Cambridge, 2010 (2nd edition) ch. 4 ‘The American
Century’.
o Sami Zubaida, Beyond Islam: A New Understanding of the Middle East,
Library of Modern Middle East Studies, 2010, Introduction and ch. 1.
o Youssef M. Choueiri, ‘Nationalism in the Middle East: The Case of PanArabism’in Youssef M. Choueiri (ed.) A Companion to the History of the
Modern Middle East, Blackwell Publishing, 2005, pp. 291-312.
o Simon Murden, ‘Political Economy: From Modernization to Globalization’ in
Youssef M. Choueiri (ed.) A Companion to the History of the Modern Middle
East, Blackwell Publishing, 2005, pp. 372-89.
Recommended:
o Asef Bayat, ‘Transforming the Arab World: The Arab Human Development
Report and the Politics of Change, Development and Change 36 (6): 12251237 (2005).
o Simon Bromley,Rethinking Middle East Politics, Austin: University of Texas,
1994, chs. 1-2.
o Alan Richards etal. A Political Economy of the Middle East, Westview Press,
2014 (3rd edition), Introduction & Chapter 2.
Lecture 5: South East Asia
o Robert W. Hefner, ‘South-East Asia from 1910’, in The New Cambridge
History of Islam, vol.5, 2011, pp. 591-622.
o Ali Mohammad and Muhammad Ahsan, Globalization or Recolonization? The
Muslim World in the 21st Century, London: Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd, 2002, chs.
1-3+8.
Recommended:
Lecture 6: South Asia
o Shabnum Tejani, ‘The Colonial Legacy’, in Arjun Guneratne and Anita M.
Weiss (eds.) Pathways to Power: The Domestic Politics of South Asia,
Rowman and Littlefield, 2014.
o Vali Nasr, ‘South Asia from 1919’, in The New Cambridge History of Islam:
The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance, edited by Francis
Robinson, Vol. 5., 2011.
Recommended:
III: Cases of National Development: State building, nationalism, Political Islam, Economic
Liberalization, crisis of the state (April 22, 24, 29, May 1, 6, 8, 13)
Lecture 7: Indonesia
o Robert W. Hefner, ‘South East Asia from 1910’, in The New Cambridge
History of Islam: The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance, edited
by Francis Robinson, Vol. 5, 2011, pp.613-18.
o Yoshitaka Okada, ‘The Dilemma of Indonesian Dependency on Foreign Diret
Investments’, Development and Change, Vol. 14 (1983), 115-132.
o Thomas B. Pepinsky, Economic Crises and the Breakdown of Authoritarian
Regimes: Indonesia and Malaysia in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge
University Press, 2009, pp. 40-60, 82-118.
o Thomas B. Pepinsky, ‘Development, Social Change, and Islamic Finance in
Contemporary Indonesia’, World Development, Vol. 41, pp. 157-167, 2013.
o Thomas A. Reuter, ‘Introduction’, in Thomas A. Reuter (ed.), Inequality,
Crisis and Social Change in Indonesia: The Muted Worlds of Bali, London:
Routledge Curzon, 2003.
o Graeme MacRae, ‘The Value of Land in Bali: Land Tenure, Land Reform and
Commodification’, in Thomas A. Reuter (ed.), Inequality, Crisis and Social
Change in Indonesia: The Muted Worlds of Bali, London: Routledge Curzon,
2003, pp. 143-165.
Recommended:
o Hans O. Schmitt, ‘Foreign Capital and Social Conflict in Indonesia’, in
Imperialism and Underdevelopment: A Reader edited by Robert I. Rhodes,
New York: Monthly Review Press, 1970.
o Patrick Barron etal., Contesting Development: Participatory Projects and
Local Conflict Dynamics in Indonesia, New Haven: Yale University Press,
2011, ch.1.
o Hilmar Farid, ‘Political Economy of Violence and Conflict in Indonesia’, in
Violent Conflicts in Indonesia: Analysis, Representation, Resolution edited by
Charles A. Coppel, London: Routledge, 2006, pp. 269-285.
Lecture 8: Pakistan
o Anita M. Weiss and Saba Gul Khattak, Development Challenges Confronting
Pakistan, Kumarian Press, 2012.
o Arjun Guneratne and Anita M. Weiss (eds.) Pathways to Power: The
Domestic Politics of South Asia, Rowman and Littlefield, 2014 (ch.3).
o Hamza Alavi and Amir Khusro, ‘Pakistan: The Burden of US Aid’, in
Imperialism and Underdevelopment: A Reader edited by Robert I. Rhodes,
New York: Monthly Review Press, 1970.
Recommended:
o Peter A. Cornelisse and Wouter Steffelaar, ‘Islamic Banking in Practice: The
Case of Pakistan’, Development and Change 26 (1995), 687-699.
o Muhammad Shoaib Butt and Jayatilleke S. Bandara, Trade Liberalization and
Regional Disparity in Pakistan, 2009.
o Anthony Bennett (ed.), How Does Privatization Work? Routledge Studies in
the Modern World Economy, 1997.
o Robert Springborg (ed.) Development Models in Muslim Contexts: Chines,
‘Islam’ and Neoliberal Alternatives, Edinburgh University Press, 2009,
(Chapter on Pakistan).
Lecture 9: Turkey
o Zulkuf Aydin, The Political Economy of Turkey, Pluto Press, 2005, (chapters
on globalization, state and Political Islam in Turkey).
o Resat Kasaba, ‘Turkey from the Rise of Ataturk’, in The New Cambridge
History of Islam: The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance, edited
by Francis Robinson, Vol. 5, 2011,pp. 301-335.
o Robert Springborg (ed.) Development Models in Muslim Contexts: Chines,
‘Islam’ and Neoliberal Alternatives, Edinburgh University Press, 2009
(Chapter on Turkey).
o Victor Gaetan, ‘The Muslim Martin Luther?’, Foreign Affairs, Feb. 20, 2014,
online at: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/140941/victor-gaetan/themuslim-martin-luther
Recommended:
o Steven A. Cook, Ruling but not Governing: The Military in Turkey, Egypt and
Algeria, John Hopkins University Press, 2009, ch. 5 on Turkey’s military and
Political Islam.
o Carter Vaughn Findley, ‘The Ottoman Lands to the post First World War
Settlement’, in The New Cambridge History of Islam: The Islamic World in
the Age of Western Dominance, edited by Francis Robinson, Vol. 5., 2011, pp.
31-78.
Lecture 10: Iran
o Misagh Parsa, ‘Iran from 1919’, in The New Cambridge History of Islam: The
Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance, edited by Francis Robinson,
Vol. 5, pp. 481-516.
o Robert Springborg (ed.) Development Models in Muslim Contexts: Chines,
‘Islam’ and Neoliberal Alternatives, Edinburgh University Press, 2009,
(Chapter on Iran).
o Parvin Alizadeh and Hassan Hakimian (eds.) Iran and the Global Economy:
Petro Populism, Islam and Economic Sanction, Routledge, 2014.
Recommended:
o Evaleila Pesaran, Iran’s Struggle for Economic Independence: Reform and
Counter-Reform in Post-Revolutionary Era, Routledge, 2011(chs. 3-4).
o Mohammad A. Chaichian, Town and Country in the Middle East: Iran and
Egypt in the Transition to Globalization, 1800-1970, Lexington Books, 2008.
Lecture 11: Egypt
o Joel Gordon, ‘Egypt from 1919’ in The New Cambridge History of Islam: The
Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance, edited by Francis Robinson,
Vol. 5, 2011, pp. 372-401.
Recommended:
o Beverley Milton-Edwards, Contemporary Politics in the Middle East, 2011
(3rd edition), chapter ‘Nationalism’ [Egypt and Pan Arabism].
Lecture 12: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
o Adam Hanieh, Capitalism and Class in the Gulf Arab States, Palgrave
Macmillan, 2011, (ch. 2 why Islamic Finance is so appealing to the GCC).
o Christopher M. Davidson(ed.), Power and Politics in the Persian Gulf
Monarchies, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2011, (chapters on United Arab
Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Qatar).
o David Commins, ‘Saudi Arabia, Southern Arabia and the Gulf States from the
First World War’, in The New Cambridge History of Islam: The Islamic World
in the Age of Western Dominance, edited by Francis Robinson, Vol. 5., 2011,
pp. 451-480.
Recommended:
o Aamir A. Rehman, Gulf Capital and Islamic Finance: The Rise of the New
Global Palyers, New York: McGraw and Hill, 2010 (ch. 3 ‘Values and Value:
Islamic Finance in the Gulf and Beyond’).
o Christopher M. Davidson, The Persian Gulf and Pacific Asia: From
Indifference to Interdependence, Columbia University Press, 2010
(Introduction, chapters 1, 2 & 6).
o Timur Kuran, Islam and Mammon: The Economic Predicaments of Islamism,
Princeton, 2004, ch. 5, ‘The Notion of Economic Justice in Contemporary
Islamic Thought’.
Lecture 13: Political Islam
o Beverley Milton-Edwards, ‘Introduction’, ch. 3 ‘Identity and Revivalism’, and
ch. 4 ‘Islam armed: Resistance in an ideological era’, in Islamic
Fundamentalism since 1945: Making of the Contemporary World, Routlege,
2005, pp. 51-69, 70-90.
o Jane Harrigan and Hamed El-Said, Economic Liberalization, Social Capital
and Islamic Welfare Provision, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, ch. 1 ‘Islamic
Social Welfare and Political Islam in the Arab World’, ch.2 ‘Social Capital,
Faith-based Welfare and Islam’.
Recommended:
o Nazih N. Ayubi, Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Arab World,
Routledge, 1991. [The Origins of Political Islam]
o Charles Tripp, Islam and the Moral Economy: The Challenges of Capitalism,
Cambridge University Press, 2006 (ch. 3 ‘Islamic Socialism’).
IV. Areas of Developments: (May 15, 20, 22, 27, 29, June 3)
Lectures 14/15: Unemployment and Poverty
o Mehmet Cahit Guran, ‘The Political Economy of Privatization in Turkey: An
Evaluation’, in The Political Economy of Regulation in Turkey edited by
Tamer Cetin and Fuat Oguz, London: Springer, 2011, pp. 23-50.
o Serdar M. Degirmencioglu etal., ‘Extreme Forms of Child Labour in Turkey’,
Children and Society, Vol. 22, (2008), pp. 191-200.
o Shafiq Dhanani and Inayatul Islam, ‘Poverty, Vulnerability and Social
Protection in a Period of Crisis: The Case of Indonesia’, World Development,
Vol. 30, No. 7, (2002): pp. 1211-1231.
o Asep Suryahadi etal., ‘Poverty, School and Work: Children during the
Economic Crisis in Indonesia’, Development and Change 36 (2): 351-373
(2005).
o Ray Bush, ‘Poverty and Neoliberal Bias in the Middle East and North Africa’,
Development and Change 35 (4): 673-695 (2004).
Lecture 16: Women’s rights
o Valentine M. Moghadam, Modernizing Women: Gender and Social Change in
the Middle East, London: Lynn Rienner Publishers, 1993, ch.4 ‘Women,
Patriarchy and the Changing Family’, pp. 99-134.
o Huma Ahmed-Ghosh, ‘A History of Women in Afghanistan: Lessons for the
Future or Yesterdays and Tomorrow: Women in Afghanistan’, Journal of
International Women’s Studies, Vol.4, No.3, May 2003.
o Wanda Krause, Women in Civil Society: The State, Islamism and Networks in
the UAE, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
o Songul Sallan Gul, ‘The Role of the State in protecting women against
domestic violence and women’s shelters in Turkey’, Women’s Studies
International Forum, 38 (2013) 107-116.
Recommended:
o Roksana Bahramitash and Eric Hooglund (eds.) Gender in Contemporary
Iran: Pushing the Boundaries, Routledge, 2011.
Lecture 17: Rural Problems (Food Insecurity)
o Ray Bush, ‘An Agricultural Strategy without Farmers: Egypt’s Countryside in
the New Millennium’, Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 27, No. 84
(Jun., 2000), pp. 235-249.
o Javad Amid, ‘The Dilemma of Cheap Food and Self-sufficiency: The Case of
wheat in Iran’, Food Policy, 32 (2007), pp. 537-552.
Recommended:
o Ajit Ghose and Keith Griffin, ‘Rural Poverty and Development Alternatives in
South and Southeast Asia: Some Policy Issues’, Development and Change,
Vol. 11 (1980), 545-572.
Note: Thur. May 29 Public Lecture from 4-6 pm, the Jaqua Center
V. Conclusion (June 5)
Lecture 18: The War on Terror, Globalization and Human Development in the Muslim
World
o Antonio Tujan, Audrey Gaughran and Howard Mollett, ‘Development and the
‘Global War on Terror’, Race and Class, Vol. 46, No. 53, 2004.
o Ghislaine Loyre, ‘The Muslims and Globalization in Oriental Asia: A topic for
debate-between continuities and discontinuities?, International Review of
Sociology, Vol.18, Issue 1, 2008.
o Amrita Chhachhi and Linda Herrera, ‘Empire, Geopolitics and Development’,
Development and Change 38 (6): 1021-1040 (2007).
o Lockman, ch. 7 (After Orientalism).
Recommended:
o Robert W. Hefner, ‘Global Violence and Indonesian Muslim Politics’,
American Anthropologist, 104 (3): 754-765, 2002.