Choose the correct answer
1. Viruses contain _________.
a. an inner nucleic acid core
b. an outer protein coat
c. both 1 and 2
2. DNA is a polymer of _________.
a. sugars
b. fats
c. amino acids
d. adenosine triphosphates
e. nucleotides
3. A nucleotide is built from how many subunits?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. five
4. True and false. A polynucleotide strand has a
backbone made of alternating phosphate and
sugar molecules.
True
False
5. The strands in DNA twist about one another
forming a __________.
a. straight spiral
b. circular strand of chromatin
c. broken ladder
d. left-ascending staircase
e. double helix
6. The complementary bases in DNA are
_________.
a. adenine with thymine
b. guanine with cytosine
c. both 1 and 2
d. cytosine with thymine
e. adenine with guanine
f. both 3 and 4
7. DNA is genetic material that _________.
a. replicates
b. undergoes mutations
c. stores information
d. does all of the above
8. DNA has four types of nucleotides because
there are ______ different bases.
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. eight
9. True and false. The number of purines in DNA
is always double the number of pyrimidines.
False
True
10. True and false. DNA can differ between
species because the base pairs can be in any
order.
True
False
11. In DNA, each strand can serve as _________
for the formation of a complementary strand.
a. a perfect model
b. a template
c. an enzyme
d. energy
12. True and false. The bonds between the DNA
base pairs are strong covalent bonds.
True
False
13. The enzyme called DNA ______ joins the
complementary nucleotides.
a. ligase
b. lipase
c. synthetase
d. polymerase
e. conjugase
14. RNA contains the sugar ______.
a. sucrose
b. ribose
c. fructose
d. phosphate-sugar
e. deoxyribose
15. ______ occurs in RNA in place of thymine.
a. Adenine
b. Guanine
c. Cytosine
d. Uracil
e. Ribose
16. True and false. Each copy of the DNA
formed as a result of replication has two new
strands in it.
False
True
17. A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that
determines the sequence of amino acids in a
______ of a protein.
a. polypeptide
b. ribosome
c. mitochondrial segment
d. backbone
e. single codon
18. A ______ is used to introduce recombinant
DNA into cells.
a. clone
b. PCR machine
c. probe
d. vector
e. antisense molecule
19. ______ are small accessory rings of DNA in
bacteria.
a. Plasmids
b. Probes
c. Restriction enzymes
d. GEMs (genetically engineered microbes)
e. Organoids
20. Making recombinant DNA is a process
requiring __________.
a. the polymerase chain reaction
b. two enzymes
c. DNA probes
d. restriction fragment length polymorphisms
e. antisense DNA
21. ______ enzymes cut a DNA molecule into
discrete pieces
a. DNA ligase
b. Restriction
c. Vector
d. Polymerase
e. Antisense
22. ______ seal(s) any breaks in a DNA molecule.
a. Restriction enzymes
b. Polymerase
c. DNA probes
d. Plasmids
e. DNA ligase
23. True and false. Transformed bacteria
produce proteins they never produced before.
True
False
24. Biotechnology products include __________.
a. insulin and enzymes to dissolve blood clots
b. human vaccines
c. human growth hormones and clotting factors
d. hormones for animal meat and milk
production
e. all of the above
25. True and false. Biotechnology can produce
insulin and growth hormones in quantity
without harvesting the glands of animals and
humans.
True
False
34. True and false. DNA probes can diagnose
viral infections.
True
False
35. True and false. DNA probes can detect
whether a gene is coding for cancer.
True
False
36. True and false. DNA probes are used during
DNA fingerprinting.
True
False
37. True and false. DNA fingerprinting can only
be used on cells from living specimens.
False
True
38. Transgenic organisms __________.
a. are organisms created completely in the
laboratory
b. are organisms with a foreign gene inserted in
them
c. are organisms crossed by the reproduction of
animals of two different species
d. are organisms suffering from defective gene
e. are organisms with their original genes
removed and all new foreign genes inserted in
them
39. True and false. Bioengineered bacteria can
be used to promote the healthof plants.
True
False
40. True and false. Genetic engineering can
improve the ability of oil-eating bacteria.
True
False
41. True and false. Bacteria can be
bioengineered to produce phenylalanine.
True
False
42. True and false. Bacteria are being used to
obtain various metals.
True
False
43. Organisms that receive DNA from sources
outside their natural species are called _______.
a. plasmids
b. transgenic
c. organoids
d. clones
e. vectors
45. True and false. Bioengineering can alter the
phenotype of plants and animals.
True
False
46. True and false. There are many possible
plasmids for bioengineering
plant cells.
True
False
47. Hopefully transgenic plants will _________.
a. be heat-, cold-, drought- or salt-tolerant
b. be more nutritious
c. require less fertilizer
d. produce chemicals and drugs of use to
humans
e. be/do all of the above
45. True and false. Gene therapy replaces
defective genes with healthy ones.
True
False
46. A retrovirus used in gene therapy works by
______.
a. replacing the patient's genes with normal
viral genes
b. replacing the patient's DNA with viral RNA
c. using reverse transcription to produce normal
human DNA
d. using reverse transcription to produce
normal human RNA
e. using polymerase chain reaction to produce
normal human DNA
47. DNA isolated from human and onion cells
differ in their
a. type of sugars
b. sequence of bases
c. number of strands
d. order of phosphates
48. Upon experimental analysis, the DNA
contained in a pig's thymus were shown to
contain 21% Guanine, 27% X, 21% Y, 27% Z
The correct identification of X, Y, and Z
respectively is:
a. adenine, cytosine, thymine
b. thymine, adenine, cytosine
c. cytosine, adenine, thymine
d. cytosine, thymine, adenine
49. When a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and
a phosphate group bond together, the molecule
produced is a (an)?
a. steroid
b. nucleotide
c. amino acid
d. nucleic acid
Answers are in bold
1. Viruses contain _________.
a. an inner nucleic acid core
b. an outer protein coat
c. both 1 and 2
2. DNA is a polymer of _________.
a. sugars
b. fats
c. amino acids
d. adenosine triphosphates
e. nucleotides
3. A nucleotide is built from how many subunits?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. five
4. True and false. A polynucleotide strand has a backbone made of alternating phosphate and sugar
molecules.
True
False
5. The strands in DNA twist about one another forming a __________.
a. straight spiral
b. circular strand of chromatin
c. broken ladder
d. left-ascending staircase
e. double helix
6. The complementary bases in DNA are _________.
a. adenine with thymine
b. guanine with cytosine
c. both 1 and 2
d. cytosine with thymine
e. adenine with guanine
f. both 3 and 4
7. DNA is genetic material that _________.
a. replicates
b. undergoes mutations
c. stores information
d. does all of the above
8. DNA has four types of nucleotides because there are ______ different bases.
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. eight
9. True and false. The number of purines in DNA is always double the number of pyrimidines.
False
True
10. True and false. DNA can differ between species because the base pairs can be in any order.
True
False
11. In DNA, each strand can serve as _________ for the formation of a complementary strand.
a. a perfect model
b. a template
c. an enzyme
d. energy
12. True and false. The bonds between the DNA base pairs are strong covalent bonds.
True
False
13. The enzyme called DNA ______ joins the complementary nucleotides.
a. ligase
b. lipase
c. synthetase
d. polymerase
e. conjugase
14. RNA contains the sugar ______.
a. sucrose
b. ribose
c. fructose
d. phosphate-sugar
e. deoxyribose
15. ______ occurs in RNA in place of thymine.
a. Adenine
b. Guanine
c. Cytosine
d. Uracil
e. Ribose
16. True and false. Each copy of the DNA formed as a result of replication has two new strands in it.
False
True
17. A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that determines the sequence of amino acids in a ______ of a
protein.
a. polypeptide
b. ribosome
c. mitochondrial segment
d. backbone
e. single codon
18. A ______ is used to introduce recombinant DNA into cells.
a. clone
b. PCR machine
c. probe
d. vector
e. antisense molecule
19. ______ are small accessory rings of DNA in bacteria.
a. Plasmids
b. Probes
c. Restriction enzymes
d. GEMs (genetically engineered microbes)
e. Organoids
20. Making recombinant DNA is a process requiring __________.
a. the polymerase chain reaction
b. two enzymes
c. DNA probes
d. restriction fragment length polymorphisms
e. antisense DNA
21. ______ enzymes cut a DNA molecule into discrete pieces
a. DNA ligase
b. Restriction
c. Vector
d. Polymerase
e. Antisense
22. ______ seal(s) any breaks in a DNA molecule.
a. Restriction enzymes
b. Polymerase
c. DNA probes
d. Plasmids
e. DNA ligase
23. True and false. Transformed bacteria produce proteins they never produced before.
True
False
24. Biotechnology products include __________.
a. insulin and enzymes to dissolve blood clots
b. human vaccines
c. human growth hormones and clotting factors
d. hormones for animal meat and milk production
e. all of the above
25. True and false. Biotechnology can produce insulin and growth hormones in quantity without
harvesting the glands of animals and humans.
True
False
34. True and false. DNA probes can diagnose viral infections.
True
False
35. True and false. DNA probes can detect whether a gene is coding for cancer.
True
False
36. True and false. DNA probes are used during DNA fingerprinting.
True
False
37. True and false. DNA fingerprinting can only be used on cells from living specimens.
False
True
38. Transgenic organisms __________.
a. are organisms created completely in the laboratory
b. are organisms with a foreign gene inserted in them
c. are organisms crossed by the reproduction of animals of two different species
d. are organisms suffering from defective gene
e. are organisms with their original genes removed and all new foreign genes inserted in them
39. True and false. Bioengineered bacteria can be used to promote the health of plants.
True
False
40. True and false. Genetic engineering can improve the ability of oil-eating bacteria.
True
False
41. True and false. Bacteria can be bioengineered to produce phenylalanine.
True
False
42. True and false. Bacteria are being used to obtain various metals.
True
False
43. Organisms that receive DNA from sources outside their natural species are called _______.
a. plasmids
b. transgenic
c. organoids
d. clones
e. vectors
45. True and false. Bioengineering can alter the phenotype of plants and animals.
True
False
46. True and false. There are many possible plasmids for bioengineering plant cells.
True
False
47. Hopefully transgenic plants will _________.
a. be heat-, cold-, drought- or salt-tolerant
b. be more nutritious
c. require less fertilizer
d. produce chemicals and drugs of use to humans
e. be/do all of the above
45. True and false. Gene therapy replaces defective genes with healthy ones.
True
False
46. A retrovirus used in gene therapy works by ______.
a. replacing the patient's genes with normal viral genes
b. replacing the patient's DNA with viral RNA
c. using reverse transcription to produce normal human DNA
d. using reverse transcription to produce normal human RNA
e. using polymerase chain reaction to produce normal human DNA
47. DNA isolated from human and onion cells differ in their
a. type of sugars
b. sequence of bases
c. number of strands
d. order of phosphates
48. Upon experimental analysis, the DNA contained in a pig's thymus were shown to contain 21%
Guanine, 27% X, 21% Y, 27% Z
The correct identification of X, Y, and Z respectively is:
a. adenine, cytosine, thymine
b. thymine, adenine, cytosine
c. cytosine, adenine, thymine
d. cytosine, thymine, adenine
49. When a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group bond together, the molecule
produced is a (an)?
a. steroid
b. nucleotide
c. amino acid
d. nucleic acid