FAUNA OF NUEVO LEON
Wildlife of the State of Nuevo Leon is a mixture of Nearctic and Neotropical, here is
a diversity of species. This derives primarily by physiographic conditions presented
by the Sierra Madre Oriental, which functions as a biological corridor in the eastern
north-south orientation, but changing direction, it represents a limit to the
distribution of species with Neotropical affinities or very resistant to conditions that
are distributed Nearctic north of Monterrey.
Even though Nuevo Leon occupies the 12th place in geographic extension of
Mexico, it has a medium biodiversity. Most of the studies of the wildlife are focused
to know and increase the knowledge of the fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and
mammals and less to insects and small fauna.
This biological richness is known for at least three levels biologically undisputed
alpha, the individual variability in their populations or species, beta, the number of
species and subspecies, and range, the number of biological formations.
The biodiversity considered is only for the local species and the wild progenitor of
cultivated plants, and not to the species that are created by the biotechnology and
bioengineering.
Here we are going to present a table with the fauna of Nuevo León in relation with
the fauna of the Mexican Republic:
Representative Animals of Nuevo León
Nuevo León’s fauna is divided in two sections, the animals in the mountains that
are black bear, mallard, mourning dove, white dove, bobcat and white-tailed deer;
and in the plain the chachalaca, badger, wild boar, coyote, fox, hare and
roadrunners. Next, we’ll give some information of them and their relationship with
some fields like economics, culture and ecology.
Fauna and Economics
The wildlife of Nuevo Leon is present in many activities of the native citizens is the
use of hunting. For this to happen, is needed to present some studies and
documents that justify it, between the species involved we can find many of wildlife
animals like the white-tail deer, this is the most common around the state,in the
hunting season of 2001-2001 more than 3100 labels were sold, for the coyote, in
the same season, more than 13 permissions, the pumas, the boar had more than
1110 labels, the bobcat, the doves, quails, ducks ,goose and teals.
This activity can be easily found in the north of the State, like en Anahuac,
Vallecillo, Lampazos, Sabinas Hidalgo, Cerralvo, Paras, then some central towns
like General Terán, China, Montemorelos and Linares ;at least we can find in the
south of the state in Galeana and Arramberi.
Also the hunting of use of songbirds and ornamental
has a great impact in the economy of Nuevo Leon.
The main destination of the capture of songbirds is
the local market, and low-scale international pet
market. There are sold through a process of semidomestication called or "canary" in which the birds
get used to a new diet, to eat in the cage and were
adapted to living with people (a process known as imprinting).It is noteworthy that
in this process dies 2-3% of the specimens (pers. per. National Union of Breeders
caught, transported and Dispensers BirdSongbirds and Ornato, A. C.).Similarly, the
major breeding farms of songbirds and ornamental spend approximately 98% of
the birds to the pet trade or entertainment.
But sometimes there’s a problem with this kind of hunting because in most cases
the traffic of songbirds and ornamental birds is focused on the species whose use
is forbidden or restricted by law in the Country, which mostly increases its value on
the black market. As expected, after capture the birds, they must be transported
and sold clandestinely making it even mortality due to overcrowding, inadequate
nutrition, dehydration, and more really bad situations for these little animals .
As is well known, most of the copies found for sale in the markets comes from the
direct capture from the wild either as nestlings or as
adults, for the capture of adults endangers the
survival of many species
are monogamous strict
when capturing one of the members of a couple's
other does not mate again.
The main species are reproduced intensively:
Melopsittacus undulatus (Budgie) Nymphicus hollandicus (nymphs), Serinus
canaria (Canary Islands), Cacatuas spp. (Cockatoos) and Agapornis spp.
(Agapornis).
The SEMARNAT (Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales) has told
some states that tell us the importance in economics and culture of the birds, such
as:
- Birds happy with his presence, his singing and colorful.
- Source of inspiration and worship for many cultures.
- They are important food source for several species including man
So, we have to make a stop to the songbird’s illegal hunting
by more strict laws and people that takes care of them and
watches for them.
Fauna and Culture
Wildlife has always played an important role in social and cultural life of the people,
since before the arrival of the Spanish to Mexico hunted animals, cultivated plants,
extracted and processed products both to meet their needs. It is also known for the
medicinal use all our people give to certain products to animals. For example, the
collared peccary, is used mainly for consumption in rural communities, since this
species is also found white-tailed deer, armadillo, rattlesnake and opossum latter
farmers say that the characteristics of the male genitalia copulate with the nose,
and that their meat taste like pork and is why they are often digested, the skin of
the coyote is used to decorate homes and there is a tradition that their skin is used
as its tail is rubbed on the teeth to relieve pain, as well, using the fat of this animal,
some farmers to relieve indigestion. It is said that fat is good for
rheumatism.
The rattlesnake is another species that is used as a medicinal
remedy for cancer and other diseases, also the royal Mexican
duck is hunted for meat, as it is very desirable for their flavor and
color. The rabbit is one of the most hunted animals in the area for
human consumption, presenting very tasty and easy cooking,
being a major source of animal protein in rural households.
The opossum, its flesh is not very appetizing, but the fat tail in Mexico has many
medicinal uses. In rural areas, calving is given to the cooking of the tail as labor
pains begin to know to give birth soon. It is both cathartic power that supposedly
have this care, which also promotes the abundance of milk in the mother cleans
digestive tract and lung.
The traditional uses that have been given to the yellow-headed parrot are: feather
art, ornamentation, raw pet trade. However, other wildlife species that are used as
pets are white-tailed deer, gray fox, coyote, yellow-headed parrots and raptors.
Armadillo meat is white and fine dining (Dasypus novemcinctus). Its tail is used to
make medicinal salves value, and their armor, are bags where farmers get seeds
for planting. The shell crushed and boiled in water to drink to induce perspiration
and is said to help cure venereal disease.
Ecology
On the Green point, all wild species are of great value, mainly because they are an
integral part in balancing ecosystems. However, species that are cataloged in a
level of risk, are the most attention in this respect, as are species by climatic or
anthropogenic, their populations have declined them at risk of disappearing.
Now we can see how much of these animals are
important for our culture since ancient ages, our
forefathers were really clever to know their
features and apply them to our needs whenever
they were sick or for home uses. The fauna of a
place is just as important as the economy or the
tourism ,so we need to give it a chance to show us their beautiful colors.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n
http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/nl/territorio/recursos_naturales.aspx
?tema=me&e=19
http://vidasilvestrenl.blogspot.com/2010/01/vida-silvestre.html
http://www.semarnat.gob.mx/temas/gestionambiental/vidasilvestre/Documents/PMT/PMT
%20Aves%20canoras%20y%20de%20ornato.pdf
http://html.rincondelvago.com/estado-de-nuevo-leon.html