6th Grade Science Test 5
Chapter 3 (3.1-3.4)
Test Date: _____________
Earthquakes:
1. An earthquake is defined as any trembling or shaking of the earth’s crust.
2. Tsunami’s are monstrous waves sometimes caused by earthquakes.
3. A fault is a break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock.
4. The epicenter is the place at ground level that is directly above the focus of an earthquake.
5. The point underground where an earthquake begins is called the focus.
6. The strength of an earthquake is called its magnitude.
Weathering:
7. Chemical weathering occurs when natural acids slowly eat into a rock, breaking it apart.
8. The process by which new soil is formed as rocks crumble and break into smaller pieces is
known as weathering.
Volcanos:
10. A volcano allows molten rock and hot gases to escape from within the earth.
11. Moho (Mohorovicic discontinuity) is the boundary between the earth’s crust and its mantle.
13. Geologists are scientists who study the structure of the earth.
14. Mid-oceanic ridges are the underwater mountain ranges.
15. An active volcano is a volcano that has erupted recently.
16. A volcano that produces lava fountains or fire curtains is called a Hawaiian.
17. A Plinian is a volcano characterized by hot clouds of gas and dust that it expels.
18. A dormant volcano is one that has been active at some time in recorded history, but has not
had a recent eruption.
19. A volcano that has not erupted in recorded history is called extinct.
20. A depression found at the top of a volcano is called a crater.
21. Running along the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the Ring of Fire is named for its many
volcanoes.
22. A volcano that has erupted recently is called active.
Earth’s surface:
23. A vent is created when trapped gases blast through the earth’s surface.
24. Lava is magma that has reached the earth’s surface.
25. Fumaroles are holes or cracks which serve as escape vents for underground gases.
26. Tephra are smaller fragments of molten rock that solidify almost instantly.
27. The temperature of rocks increases with depth.
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Discussion:
Using good sentences, write a paragraph describing the three main sections of the earth in
complete sentences: The crust, the mantle, the core.
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Be able to identify the three types of volcanoes discussed in this chapter:
a. Shield volcano
b. Cinder cone
c. Composite
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