Name _____KEY___________________
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 200)
Date _________
Period _______
Classification-- Quiz REVIEW SHEET
1.
What is taxonomy? the science of naming & classifying organisms
2.
What does it mean to classify? Give some examples of classification…
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3.
Grouping (organisms) based on similar characteristics/traits
Ex. different sections of the grocery store (produce, dairy, meat, etc.), different sections of your
binder (notes, labs, HW, etc.), different sections of the library (biography, poetry, science, etc.)
Why do we classify?
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Make things easier to find
show shared traits
show relationships (among living & extinct species)
4.
What is a dichotomous key?

A tool used to help classify/identify objects by using pairs of opposing statements
or asking a question with 2 possibilities.
5.
What are the 2 formats/methods for making a dichotomous key?
a. List
i. How many pairs of characteristics/statements will you have compared to
objects?
1. One less pair of characteristics than objects… ex. 5 objects  4 pairs or
characteristics/statements
b. Branching/tree diagram
i. How many objects should be in each of the final boxes?
1. (in final box MUST have only 1 object)
6.
When making a dichotomous key always use __paired, opposing__ statements/questions.
Give an example. green?/not green?
7.
What type of characteristics/traits do we usually use when making a dichotomous key?
PHYSICAL characteristics/traits Give an example. color, shape, # of toes
Name _____KEY___________________
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 200)
8.
When making a dichotomous key what shouldn’t you do?
a. Usually DON’T use job/function
b. DON'T use a characteristic that changes
c. Ideally, DON'T repeat a trait…
9.
Make a dichotomous key for the sporting equipment below:
EXAMPLE (LIST FORMAT)
Sporting Equipment
1a worn on feet…………… go to 2
1b not worn on feet…….go to 4
2a laces……………………….go to 3
2b no laces………………….M
3a wheels……………………N
3b no wheels……………….J
4a handle…………… ………go to 5
4b no handle………………H
5a oval head……………….L
5b no oval head………….go to 6
6a L-shaped…………………I
6b not L-shaped…………… K
Date _________
Period _______
Name _____KEY___________________
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 200)
10.
Date _________
Period _______
When we classify organisms, we start with __ very broad/general___________ characteristics
down to ____very narrow/specific__________ characteristics.
11.
Discuss Aristotle’s classification system.
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12.
What “nickname” was Carolus Linnaeus given? Discuss Linnaeus’ classification system.
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13.
1st classification system
Devised about 2000 years ago
Classified organisms into 2 groups plants (by the type of stem) and animals (by environment)
Ex. He would classify fish and whales as more closely related than whales & humans b/c fish &
whales both live in the water & humans don’t… We now know that whales & humans are more
closely related b/c they are both mammals & share more traits than fish & humans
“The Father of Modern Taxonomy”
Classification system in which the 2 main groups, plants & animals, were known as kingdoms…
Also used smaller, more specific groups like genus (a group of similar species) and species
(organisms that can mate w/ each other & produce fertile offspring)
Gave organisms names that described their traits
o Naming system is known as “binomial nomenclature”
 Names have 2 parts
 1st part is the organism’s genus (similar to a person’s last name)
 2nd part is the organism’s species (similar to a person’s 1st name)
What are the rules for writing scientific names? Give examples.
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o
o
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o
o
o
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o
o
Genus is:
1st
Always capitalized
Species is:
2nd
Written in all lowercase letters
descriptive
When written/typed italicized or underlined (underlined when hand-written)
Examples
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Name _____KEY___________________
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 200)
14.
What are the benefits of using scientific names as opposed to common names (like shrimp,
oak tree, fish, salamander, butterfly, etc.)?
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15.
No 2 organisms have the same scientific name (many can have the same common name)
Scientific names rarely change (b/c in Latin)
Scientific names are written in the same language (Latin) everywhere in the world… so even
though scientists may speak different languages (& have different words for the same
organism), they all use the same scientific names.
Current classification systems are based on:

o
o
o
o
o
16.
Evolutionary relationships/ancestry (phylogeny) that are determined by:
Structural similarities (homologous structures)
Breeding behaviors
Geographical distribution (where organisms live)
DNA/chromosomal comparison
Biochemistry (amino acids, proteins, etc.)
Show the relationship between the 3 domain, 5 kingdom, & 6 kingdom systems of
classification.
3 Domain
system
6 Kingdom
system
Archaea
(Eu)bacteria
Archaea
(Archaebacteria)
(Eu)bacteria
5 Kingdom
system
17.
Date _________
Period _______
Eukaryota (Eukarya)
Protista
Monera
6 Kingdom
system
Archaea
(Archaebacteria)
List the 8 taxa (classification groups) used to classify organisms from broadest/most
general to narrowest/most specific. What saying can you use to help you remember?
Relate each group to continents, countries, etc.
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Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Did
King
Phillip
come
over
for
good
spaghetti?
Continent (North America)
Country (USA)
State (CT)
County (Fairfield)
Town (Darien)
Neighborhood (Noroton Heights)
Street (High School Lane)
House # (80)
Name _____KEY___________________
Mrs. Geithner-Marron (Bio 200)
18.
What is the relationship between taxonomic levels (classification groups)?
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19.
Date _________
Period _______
From domain down, each level has a new set of criteria (characteristics) that must be shared
As go down levels, exclude organisms that don’t share the next trait.
The more closely related 2 organisms are, the more levels of classification (taxa) they share
Once an organism shares a more specific taxon (lower group) it MUST share the more unifying
taxa (higher groups)
o Ex. organisms in the same species (lower taxa) MUST belong to the same class (higher taxa)
o Ex. organisms in the same class (high taxa) do NOT NECESSARILY belong to the same species
(lower taxa)
Characteristics of each domain/kingdom? Use the chart to organize your answer.
3 Domain
system
6 kingdom
system
5 kingdom
system
Archaea
(Eu)bacteria
Eukaryota (Eukarya)
Archaea
(Eu)bacteria
(Archaebacteria)
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Prokaryotic/
eukaryotic
Unicellular/
multicellular

prokaryotic

Prokaryotic

eukaryotic

eukaryotic

eukaryotic

eukaryotic

unicellular

unicellular
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
multicellular

multicellular

Heterotrophi
c or
autotrophic

Heterotrophi
c
autotrophic
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autotrophic

heterotrophic
Older, less
complex
bacteria
live in
extreme
environments
(very hot,
very cold,
acidic, salty,
etc.)


can be plantlike, animallike, funguslike

cell walls
(made of
cellulose)
produce
oxygen

no cell wall
bacteria that
live in salt
lakes
bacteria that
live at
hydrothermal
vents

modern,
more
complex
bacteria
evolved from
Archaea
most
common
bacteria
very diverse
free-living or
pathogenic
Staphylococc
us
E. coli
cyanobacteri
a
Mostly
multicellular
Heterotrophi
c (digest food
outside &
absorb
nutrients)
Cell walls
(made of
chitin)
decomposers
& parasites

feeding
Mostly
unicellular
Heterotrophic
autotrophic
Amoeba
Paramecium
Euglena
algae
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mushrooms
mold
yeast
(unicellular)
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mosses
ferns
trees
grasses
shrubs
land-based
plants

other
characteristics
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examples
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(photosynthesis)
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invertebrates
o insects
o worms
o sponges
o corals
vertebrates
o fish
o birds
o amphibian
s
o reptiles
o mammals