Cell
Membrane
Cytoplasm
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Cell’s outer covering
Gives the cell shape and holds it together
Controls materials that move in and out of the cell
such as: oxygen, nutrients, wastes, carbon dioxide
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Cyto = cell
Made mostly of water
Translucent, grayish, jellylike
Flows
Gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus
It is the place most activities take place
Contains the many tiny parts of a cell, proteins,
sugars, fats, starches, salt, minerals, and vitamins
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Cell Wall
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Organelles
Chloroplasts
Stiff covering outside the cell membrane of a
plant cell
Protects and supports the plant
Thicker and tougher than cell membrane
Allows materials pass through
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Small part of a cell with a special job
Means “little organ”
Such as; mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes
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Green structure in a plant cell where food is
produced
Contains chlorophyll
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Chlorophyll
Nucleus
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Green chemical in plant cells that allows plants to
use the sun’s energy to make food
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Largest, most visible part of a cell
Has its own membrane
Is the control center of the cell’s activities
Round or oval-shaped
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Rod-shaped structure in the cytoplasm that
supplies the cell with energy
Give off wastes such as water and carbon dioxide
Mitochondria
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Vacuoles
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Endoplasmic
Reticulum
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Sac-like space in a cell’s cytoplasm for storing
materials such as food or waste
Plant vacuoles are larger than those in animals
Network of tube-like passageways
Helps make and transport proteins
These proteins are needed for communication,
growth, repair, and replacement of cells
Ribosome
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Golgi Bodies
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Along inner branches of the Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Makes proteins and drop them into the
passageways.
Some float around free in the cytoplasm
Stack of flat, pancake-shaped discs
Modify, sort, package, and store carbohydrates and
proteins until they are needed
They ship out the materials to other locations, both
in and out of cell
Make lysosomes
Lysosomes
Eukaryotic
Cells
Prokaryotic
Cells
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Round organelles that digest cell nutrients
Garbage collectors
Break down products that might harm the cell
Contain chemicals that help the white blood cells
break down harmful germs
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Cells containing a nucleus
Contained in plants, animals, fungi, and protists
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Does not have a nucleus
Bacteria cells are prokaryotic
What are the differences between a plant cell and animal
cell?
Both have: Cell Membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm with organelles
Plant Cell:
 Has chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll and allows the plant to
make its own food.
 Has a cell wall made of cellulose. This wall is thicker and tougher
than the cell membrane. It protects and supports the plant. It allows
water, carbon dioxide and oxygen to pass through it.
Animal Cell:
 Does not contain a cell wall or chloroplasts