Benchley 1 American Indian Unit Plan Fifth Grade Social Studies Megan Benchley Social Studies Methods 309 November 9, 2010 Professor Laninga American Indians Unit Plan: Fifth Grade Social Studies Benchley 2 Overview: This unit plan covers all three Native American GLCES for Fifth Grade Social Studies. It should take an estimated fourteen hours of time (two weeks of one hour classes). The summative assessment will take one additional hour. This estimate does not take homework time into account. The focus of this unit will be on the Native American Regions of the United States. The students will learn the location of each region. They will compare the Indians that lived in the Desert Southwest to those who lived in the Pacific Northwest. Students will focus a great amount of time on researching the Eastern Woodland Indians, because we live in this region today. They will understand the Eastern Woodland Indian family structure, government, trade and views on property use and land ownership. 1. KUDs GLCE – code and exact wording. Verbs 5 – U1.1.1 Use maps to locate peoples in the desert Southwest, the Pacific Northwest, the nomadic nations of the Great Plains, and the woodland peoples east of the Mississippi River (Eastern Woodland). Use Locate 5 – U1.1.2 Compare how American Compare Adapted to Modified Know – What will students know upon learning this? Students will know how to use a map to locate the peoples of the desert Southwest, the Pacific Northwest, the Great Plains, the Great Basin, the Southern Woodlands, and the Eastern Woodlands. Understand – What will students understand? Students will understand what a region is and what the Native American regions are. They will also comprehend that Native American regions were determined by landforms and climate. Do – What will students do to show they understand? Each student will create a foldable map of the Native American regions. Students will memorize the Native American Regions labeled on their foldable. Students will know that the American Students will Students will understand that create and the desert perform a skit Vocabulary I Can Maps, Locate, Regions, Desert, Southwest, Pacific Northwest, nomadic, Great Plains, Great Basin, Eastern Woodland, Southern Woodland, North, South, East, West, and Mississippi River Compare, Desert SW Indians, I can create a foldable map of the Native American Regions and use the map to memorize the locations of these regions. I can create a skit and a foldable to Benchley 3 Indians in the desert Southwest and the Pacific Northwest adapted to or modified the environment. 5 – U1.1.3 Describe Eastern Woodland American Indian life with respect to governmental and family structures, trade, and views on property ownership and Indians adapted to and modified their environment. Describe Students will know the Eastern Woodland American Indians’ governmental and family structures, trade practices, and views on property ownership. Southwest and Pacific Northwest Indians lived in different environments. They adapted to and modified their environments in different ways. that depicts how the Desert SW Indians and Pacific NW Indians adapted to and modified their environment. Later they will create a foldable contrasting the Desert SW Indians’ response to their environment with the Pacific NW Indians’ response. Students will Students will understand that research the Eastern Eastern Woodland Woodland American American Indian beliefs Indians views regarding on property governmental ownership and structure, land use. They family, trade, will write a property RAFT speech by ownership and an Eastern land may differ Woodland from our views American Chief Pacific NW Indians, Adapt Modify, Environment demonstrate how the Desert SW and Pacific NW Indians adapted to and modified their environment. Eastern Woodland American Indians, Governmental Structures, Family Structures, Trade, Property Ownership, and Land Use I can write a RAFT paper from the perspective of an Eastern Woodland American Indian Chief that expresses the tribe’s views on property ownership and land use. Benchley 4 land use. today. They will comprehend that different views are beneficial to our society. R.CM.05.04 apply significant knowledge from gradelevel science, social studies, and mathematics texts. W.PR.05.01 set a purpose, consider audience, and replicate authors’ styles and patterns when writing a narrative or informational piece. Apply S.RS.05.17 Describe the effect humans Describe Have Set (a purpose) Consider Replicate Writing Students will know every speech has a specific purpose, audience and format (style and patterns.) Students will understand that they need to set a purpose, consider the audience and replicate the author’s (chief’s) style and pattern when writing the RAFT speech. to a US Governor about property and land use. Students will apply their knowledge of setting a purpose, considering an audience and replicating an author’s style to writing a RAFT speech similar to Chief Canassatego’s oration. Students will Students will Students will know that understand that investigate how humans have an the Native the Pacific Purpose, Audience, Style, Informational Text and RAFT (Role, Audience, Format, Topic) I can consider the purpose, audience and other authors’ styles and patterns when writing a RAFT speech. Effects, Balance, Natural World, I can explain how the Pacific Northwest and Benchley 5 and other organisms have on the balance in the natural world. effect on the balance in the natural world. Americans had an effect on the balance in the natural world. Northwest and Environment, Desert Adapt, and Southwest Modify Indians adapted to and modified their environments. Desert Southwest Indians adapted to and modified their environment. 2. Assessment: See Assessment Instructions and Rubrics at the End of the Unit Plan 1.) Formative: a.) Part One: U1.1.1 Native American Region Foldables b.) Part Two: U1.1.2 c.) Part Three: U1.1.3 Eastern Woodland Indians RAFT 2.) Summative: a. Part One: U1.1.1 Short Response Assessment: Native American Regions b. Part Two: U1.1.2 Performance Assessment: Desert SW and Pacific NW Indian Posters c. Part Three: U1.1.3: Eastern Woodland Indians, “Claims, Evidence, Support” 3. Sequence of Instruction: Anticipatory set: The teacher will show the students a PowerPoint about Native American Regions. The class will review what a region is and discuss attributes of Native American Regions (see Lesson Plan 1 below) Lessons: How will you take them where they need to go? Gradual release Bloom’s Taxonomy Instructional strategies and Social constructs: How will they work? (explained in the lesson plans) Technology Exit Cards Foldables Graphic Organizers Modified Jigsaw Activity Skit “Think, Pair, Share” Graffiti Wall Benchley 6 RAFT speeches Formative assessment/checking for understanding as they go along Summative assessment: SRA and Performance Assessment, o including a “Claims, Evidence, Support” strategy Resources needed: Resources: computers with Internet access, projector, PowerPoint software, PowerPoint document, projection screen, Materials: student notebooks, pencils, cardstock, colored pencils, scissors, school glue, butcher paper, markers, graphic organizers, loose leaf paper, American Indian images, and specified books on Eastern Woodland Indians (see bibliography). Documents that are included with the lesson plan will also be used. Realia: Students will bring props from home for their skits on Desert Southwest and Pacific Northwest American Indians. Texts, articles and web sites: See the bibliography at the end of the lesson plan. Lessons: How will you take them where they need to go? 1.) Anticipatory Set: The teacher will show students the Native American Regions PowerPoint. Through the presented visual maps, the students will discuss many questions. They will review, “What is a region?” They will investigate, “How were Native American Regions shaped by landforms?”, “How were Native American Regions shaped by climate?” and “Why do different groups living in the same region share a similar culture?” The students will fill out an exit card before they leave the classroom. They will answer two questions. “What did you learn today?” “What would you like to know more Instructional strategies/Social constructs: How will they work? Resources needed: What materials and resources will they need? Instructional Strategies: Technology in The resources that will be Education (PowerPoint) and exit cards. needed are the classroom Whole Class Participation: Students will computer, projector, compare maps of different regions to PowerPoint software and a review the definition of a region. They will projection screen. The compare a map of US landforms to a map of materials needed are the Native American Regions in the United notebooks, pencils and States in order to investigate the effect of Document #1 (Native landforms on a region. They will also American Regions compare a map of US climates to a map of PowerPoint.) the Native American Regions in order to analyze how regions can be shaped by climate. Benchley 7 about?” (This activity will take one hour.) 2.) The teacher will show a foldable of the Native American Regions to the class. She will demonstrate how to make tabs. She will walk the class through the step to make a Native American Regions Foldable. The steps and the map will be projected onto the screen overhead. After the students have each created a foldable, I will ask them to assemble together in pairs. They will be asked to use their foldables to quiz each other about the Native American Regions. (1 hour) 3.) The teacher will model using the District 25 website, “Learn About Native Americans” (http://www.ahsd25.k12.il.us/ curriculum/nativeamericans/index.html). The class will research Native Americans, in regards to their clothing, dwellings and environment. The teacher will model researching about the Eastern Woodland Indians (or the Plains Indians). She will demonstrate how to use a graphic organizer to record her research. The teacher will remind the children that as they research different Native American regions, they should specifically look for how the tribes adapted to and modified their environment. (one hour) 4.) The teacher will ask the students to recall the steps they used to research the Eastern Woodland Indians. She will write these steps on the board. The students will use Strategy: Foldables are three dimensional graphic organizers. They can help the students to remember which Native American tribes live in each region. The tabs allow the students to guess and check. Students can use the foldable to study for the quiz at the end of the unit. Whole Class Participation: creating foldables. In pairs: Students will quiz each other using the foldables. Strategies: Graphic Organizers and Gradual Release (see lessons 4 and 5) Whole Class Participation: The entire class will observe the teacher modeling research techniques. The teacher will ask the students questions, to keep them engaged during the modeling experience. The students will take notes on their graphic organizer worksheet along with the teacher. Strategies: Modified Jigsaw Activity and Gradual Release (continued.) Whole Class Participation: The entire class will create a research procedure. The resources are the classroom computer, projector, PowerPoint software and an overhead screen. The materials that will be needed are copies of the Native American Region map, cardstock, colored pencils, scissors and school glue, Document #1 and Document #2 (Native American Regions Foldable.) The required resources are the classroom computer, projector and an overhead screen. The materials that will be needed are butcher paper, markers, graphic organizer worksheets and a pointer. The teacher will draw a graphic organizer outline on the butcher paper ahead of time. The teacher and students will fill in the chart with notes as a class. (See document #3 and document #4: blank graphic organizer worksheet and graphic organizer of the Eastern Woodland Indians.) The resources that will be needed are student computers, with Internet access. The materials that will be needed Benchley 8 this procedure to research either the Pacific Northwest Indians or the Desert Southwest Indians. Student will be assigned to groups of four. Two people will research the Pacific Northwest Indians and the other two people will research the Desert Southwest Indians. (one hour) 5.) The students will return to their groups of four and share their research with each other. From that research they will write a skit. The students who researched the Pacific Northwest Tribes will represent Pacific Northwest Indians in the skit. The students who researched the Desert Southwest Tribes will represent the Desert Southwest Indians in the skit. In the skit, the tribe members will discuss their environment and how they adapted/modified it, specifically in regards to clothing and dwellings. (2 hours/ classes) 6.) The students will perform their skits. (2 hours) In Groups of Four: This activity is similar to a jigsaw activity where students meet in expert groups to learn knowledge or a skill. They bring that skill back to their home groups. This activity is very similar, except that there are only two types of expert groups. Strategies: Modified Jigsaw Activity and Gradual Release (continued.) Groups of Four: sharing their knowledge and writing a skit. are graphic organizer worksheets and writing utensils. Groups of Four 7.) The teacher will demonstrate how to create a two tab foldable. She will also show students an example of the foldable they will make. The students will create a foldable with two tabs, contrasting the Desert Southwest Indians and the Pacific Northwest Indians. First the students will get into groups of two and participate in a “Think, Pair, Share” Activity. During the activity, they will contrast the way that the Strategy: Foldables and “Think, Pair, Share”. “Think, Pair, Share” is a designed to provide students with processing time to form individual ideas and share these ideas with another student. The students will pair up and share their ideas to a discussion question with another student. Finally, the class will come together and some of the students will be called upon to share what they discussed in their groups. The materials needed are student created scripts and props. The necessary materials are colored cardstock, markers, scissors, pictures of Desert Southwest and Pacific Northwest American Indian dwellings, lands and clothes. The materials that are needed are the graphic organizers (they should be filled out by the students now), notebook paper and pencils. The students can be encouraged to bring in props to use in their skit during the next class period. Benchley 9 Pacific Northwest and Desert Southwest Indians adapted to and modified their environment. Then the students will create their foldables individually. (1 hour) The students will read an excerpt from Chief Canassatego’s speech. This primary source can be seen by visiting the “Smithsonian Source” website: http://www.smithsoniansource.org /display/primarysource/viewdetails.aspx? PrimarySourceId=1195. The students will discuss the following questions: “What emotions did you feel when you read the speech?”, “What did you learn from the speech?” and “Do you agree with Chief Canassatego?” Following this activity the teacher will announce that the children will write their own speech from the perspective of a past chief of the Eastern Woodland Indians. The teacher will tell the students that the main topic of the speech will be the Eastern Woodland Indians’ views on property ownership and land use. The students will talk about the elements the speech should include and the subtopics the speech should cover. (2 hours) 8.) The students will begin to research the Eastern Woodland Indians, specifically how they adapted to and modified their environment. The students could refer to document #5 for a list of Internet sites that will support their research. The teacher will also provide specific books for the Strategy: Graffiti Wall. First the students will assemble in groups of four and use the Graffiti Strategy to write about what they think the speech should contain. Each group will be given four minutes to brainstorm. When the groups have decided on their responses, one person from a group will write their group’s responses on the butcher paper in the front of the classroom. The groups will present their answers to the class and then the entire class will evaluate the answers and add any new ideas to the butcher paper. At first, the teacher can sit back and let the students think for themselves. Later she can steer the students thinking to include any pertinent information that they may have missed. The resources needed are the classroom computer, Internet access, butcher paper and markers. The students can research the Eastern Woodland American Indians in groups of 4. They are permitted to share their information with one another. The resources needed for this activity are computers (at least two for every group of four). The materials needed for this activity are documents #5 and #6, the specified books on American Indians, notebook Benchley 10 students that highlight the Eastern Woodland American Indians. The titles of these books can also be included on document #5. If the students are having a difficult time knowing what to focus on, the teacher can provide them with a list of questions (document #6). (1 hour) 9.) The students will write a RAFT speech (F=Format) from the point of view of an Eastern Woodland Indian Chief (R=Role) to a US Governor (A=Audience). The topic (T=Topic) will be the Eastern Woodland Indians’ views on property ownership and land use. (They will begin the speech in class and finish it for homework.) Later, they can present their speeches to the class. (2 hours) paper, and pencils. Strategies: RAFT Individual Speeches and Bloom Taxonomy’s higher order thinking. The students are using synthesis to create something new with the information they learned. The materials needed are paper and pencils. Documents: 1.) Native American Regions PowerPoint: attached to Weebly: www.meganbenchley.weebly.com 2.) Native American Regions Foldables: included in unit binder 3.) Blank Graphic Organizer: Native American Groups: Attributes By Region Region: Major Tribes: Land Conditions: Dwellings: Name, Plants: Natural Animals Materials and Grown Eastern Woodland Desert Clothing Benchley 11 Southwest Pacific Northwest 4.) Graphic Organizer Answer Key: Region: Major Tribes: Eastern Woodland Iroquois, Algonquin Desert Pueblo, Hopi, Southwest Zuni, Navajo, Apache Native American Regions by Attribute Land Conditions: Dwellings: Name, Plants: Natural Materials and Grown Hot and humid Longhouses (Cedar Natural: summers, cold Wood), Wigwams strawberries, winters, lots of (Saplings) mushrooms, rain; many rivers, birch trees, lakes and forests. maple trees. Grown: the three sisters; corn, beans and squash. Most important crop: wild rice. Tall mountains Hogans (mud and Natural: cactus, and deep canyons adobe), Pueblos juniper, where rivers flow; (adobe) sagebrush, Animals Clothing Black Bear, rabbits, deer, wild turkeys Clothes made from deerskin, breechcloths, moccasins, fur robes, beaded clothes. Jack rabbit, rattlesnake, coyote, Clothes from sheep hide or wool, loincloths, Benchley 12 not much rain; days are hot Pacific Chinook, Haida, Northwest Nootka, Tlingit 5.) American Indian Resources: Narrow strip of land between the mountains and the Pacific Ocean; the weather is cool and wet. Cedar Plank Longhouses (no windows, hole in roof) pinion pine Grown: the three sisters; corn, beans and squash. Natural: Camas, hemlock, spruce, huckleberry Most important: Cedar Trees Pronghorn Antelope, Longhaired Goats and Sheep Caribou, Sea Otter, Grisly Bear, clam, salmon (most important) moccasins, leggings; jewelry of beads, feathers and silver. Animal skin clothes, grass breechcloths, woven cedar shirts; even in the winter people went barefoot. References Bial, Raymond. Lifeways: the Navajo. Tarrytown: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1999. Print. Calloway, Colin. The First Americans: Indians of the Northeast. New York: International Book Marketing Ltd., 1991. Print. Chapur, Donald. Michigan Indians: A way life changes. Hillsdale: Educational Publishers Inc., 1970. Print. Cubbins, Elaine M. “Techniques for Evaluating American Indian Web Sites.” 25 July 2000. The University of Arizona. http://www.u.arizona.edu/~ecubbins/webcrit.html. dePaola, Tomie. The Legend of the Indian Paintbrush. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1988. Greene, Jaqueline. The Chippewa. New York: Franklin Watts, 1993. Print. “Hopi and Pueblo Indians Doing the Eagle Dance.” 1 February 2007. YouTube. 19 October 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO2g9tgWjbU. Benchley 13 “Lakota Thunder: Sitting Bull Memorial Song.” 17 August 2008. YouTube. 18 October 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwQFmTwbQpE&feature=related. Landau, Elaine. The Hopi. New York: Franklin Watts, 1994. Print. “Learn About Native Americans.” 2010. Arlington Heights School District. 18 October 2010. http://www.ahsd25.k12.il.us/Curriculum%20Info/NativeAmericans/index.html “Native American Spiritual Music: Ceremony to Mother Earth.” 24 July 2009. YouTube. 18 October 2010. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1_xmj4mkgs. “North, South, East, West: American Indians of the Natural World.” 1998. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 18 October 2010. http://www.carnegiemnh.org/educators/online/indians/about.html. Reading Rainbow: The Legend of the Indian Paintbrush. Videotape. Paramount Home Video, 13 August 1992. Smith-Baranzini, Marlene, and Howard Egger-Bovet. US Kid's History: Book of the American Indians. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 1994. Print. "Ten Famous Native Americans" 12 September 2007. HowStuffWorks.com. 19 October 2010 http://history.howstuffworks.com/native-american-history/10-famous-native-americans.htm. “The Buffalo and Native Americans.” 2010. The History Channel website. 18 October 2010. http://www.history.com/videos/the- buffalo-and-native-americans. Benchley 14 6.) Focus Questions for Research on the Eastern Woodland Indians: 1.) Family Structure: a.) What was the women’s role? b.) What was the men’s role?’ 2.) Government Structure: a.) Who was the head of the tribe? b.) How did Eastern Woodland Indians choose their leaders? c.) Name and describe a famous Eastern Woodland Indian chief. 3.) Trade: a.) What did the Indians use to trade? b.) What did the Indians trade for? c.) What did the Indians give in trade? d.) Who did the Indians trade with? 4.) Views on Property Ownership: a.) Who did the Indians believe owned the land? (Should anyone own land?) b.) Why were the Indians unhappy with the American government in regards to property ownership? 5.) View on Land Use: a.) How did Indians treat the land? Compare and contrast their land use to land use by American settlers. b.) How did the Indians feel about land use? How should the land be used? Why did they feel this way? Formative Assessment Rubrics: Student Name:_________________________________________________ Native American Regions Foldable Rubric Labels Boundaries Distinctions Neatness (6 pts.) (6pts.) (4pts.) (4pts.) Total (20pts.) Benchley 15 Labels= each of the six regions are labeled correctly (1 pt. each). Boundaries= the boundaries for each of the six regions are drawn correctly (approximately). Distinctions= the map includes a title and each of the six regions are a different color (1pt. for title, ½ pt. for each region). Neatness= Cutting and gluing are at a fifth grade level. Three Native American Regional Tribes Region Land Plants and Clothing Total and Conditions Animals (2pts.) (25pts.) Major and (8pts.) Tribes Dwellings (6pts.) (9pts.) Eastern Woodland Desert Southwest Pacific Northwest Region and Major Tribes= 2pts. for region and 2pts. per major tribe (2) Land Conditions and Dwellings=3 pts. for climate, 3pts. for landform, and 3 pts. for a dwelling type and description Plants and Animals: 1pt. per plant (4) and 1 pt. per animal (4) Clothing: ½ pt. per clothing item (4) RAFT Speeches Student Name Land Use: (6 pts.) Property Use: (6 pts.) Authentic: (8 pts.) Components: (5 pts.) Land Use: The speech illustrates the Eastern Woodland Indians views on land use. Property Use: The speech illustrates the Eastern Woodland Indians’ views on property use. Total (25 pts.) Benchley 16 Authentic: The speech is well researched and authentic. Components: The speech contains all the components that the class decided speeches should include. Running Total of All Three Formative Assessments (out of 70): _____ Summative Assessment Fifth Grade American Indian Unit Part One: U1.1.1 Selected Response Assessment Objective: Students will identify the Native American Regions on a given map. They will write the name of the region next to the number that corresponds to the correct location on the map. Native American Regions: Benchley 17 1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.) Benchley 18 6.) Rubric: Native American Regions Answer is Answer is Partially Completely Correct Correct (2 pts.) (4 pts.) Answer is Completely Incorrect (0 pts.) 1.) Pacific NW 2.) Great Basin 3.) Desert SW 4.) Great Plains 5.) Eastern Woodland 6.) Southern Woodland 7.) Total Points (out of 24) Part Two: U1.1.2 Performance Assessment Objective: Students will create two posters that illustrate how Native Americans adapted to and modified their environment. One poster will represent the Pacific Northwest Indians and one poster will portray the Desert Southwest Indians Directions: Students will sort pictures that relate to two different American Indian tribes into two piles. One pile will represent the Pacific Northwest Indians and the other pile will represent the Desert Southwest Indians. The students will create a poster for each of the two tribes that explain how they reacted used and influenced their environment. The posters should include the pictures and how these pictures relate to the tribes’ adaptations to the environment. For example, if the poster was about Eastern Woodland Indians instead, students could glue a picture of a longhouse to their poster. They would write that Eastern Woodland Indians built wigwams using saplings, bark and cattails from their environment. Benchley 19 Example: Eastern Woodland American Indians The Indians from the Eastern Woodland Region built longhouses from saplings, bark and cattails found in this region. The Eastern Woodland climate consists of hot, humid summers and cold, wet winters. Streams, lakes, forests and plants are numerous in this region. Deer were especially important to these tribes. Clothing was tanned from deer hides and the people ate the meat. One important food for the Eastern Woodland Indians was wild rice. The women could paddle birch bark canoes to search for rice plants. Benchley 20 These Indians used deerskins for clothing. They also used wampum, which were beads made from shells. Wampum was also used for trading. The people of the Eastern Woodlands modified their environment by becoming farmers. They grew the three sisters; corn, beans and squash. Summative Assessment Part Two: Poster Pictures Benchley 21 Benchley 22 Rubric: 6 Pictures are Correct (1/2 pt. each) Pictures have a description (1/2 pt.each) Descriptions are related to adaptation/ modification (1 pts. each) Total Points (12 pts.) Desert Southwest Pacific Northwest Total Points (out of 24): _____ Part Three: U1.1.3 Performance Assessment Objective: Students will complete graphic organizers, by providing information about Eastern Woodland Indian family structure, government, trade and views on land use and property ownership. They will provide a facts about each category using the “Claims, Evidence, Support” framework. Claims must be relevant to the topic and display a high level of understanding related to the subject matter. For instance, a valid claim would not be, “Eastern Woodland Indians had good families.” Graphic Organizer: Claims, Evidence and Support about Eastern Woodland Indians Benchley 23 Topic Claim (2 pts. each) Family Structure Government Trade Views on Property/Land Total Points (out of 24pts.): _____ Total Points for all three parts (out of 72): _____ Evidence (2 pts. each) Support (2 pts. each)