WASH CLUSTER INDONESIA
CONTINGENCY PLAN
September 2014 – December 2015
(Revised in September 2014)
1
Table of Contents
Contact List ........................................................................................................................... 3
Standard Operation Procedures in case of emergency ......................................................... 6
Hazard and Risks Analysis.................................................................................................... 9
Scenarios ............................................................................................................................ 12
Defining Cluster Objectives ................................................................................................. 17
WASH Cluster Agencies capacity Matrix ............................................................................. 18
Preparedness Action Plan 2015 .......................................................................................... 23
2
Contact List
WASH Cluster Lead

UNICEF
Claire Quillet cquillet@unicef.org/cquillet02@gmail.com
WTC 6, 10th-12th Floor, Jl. Jend Sudirman
Kav 31, Jakarta
Alternate
 UNICEF
Lilik Trimaya
Ltrimaya@unicef.org/Ltrimaya@gmail.com
WTC 6, 10th-12th Floor, Jl. Jend Sudirman
Kav 31, Jakarta
+62(0)8123860851
Tel. 021-29968043
+62(0)81289700817
Tel. 021-299688042
Contact List of WASH Cluster members
Government of the Republic of Indonesia:



BNPB
Dody Ruswandi
Deputi Bidang Pencegahan dan Kesiapsiagaan
Gedung Graha 55, Jalan Tanah Abang II no.57
Jakarta 10160
BNPB
Medi Herlianto
Gedung Ina-DRTG
Jalan Anyer Desa Tangkil, Sentul,
Kawasan Pusat Misi Pemeliharaan Perdamaian (PMPP)
Kabupaten Bogor, Prov Jawa Barat 16180
Public Works
Sudarwanto
Secretariat Cipta Karya
Jl. PAM Baru 1 Jakarta Pusat
+62(0)87895327475
Tel. (021) 3802392
+62(0)8197500388
Tel. (021) 3458400
+62(0)816782698
NGOs and Red Cross:
1. ACF (Action Contre La Faim)
Kompleks Golden Truly Fatmawati, Plazza D’Best Block J No.36
Fatmawati Raya No.15
Jakarta selatan 12420
Tel. (021)75915814
Roy Simanjuntak (logcap@id.missions-acf.org)
Tel. 081218687526
2. BMP (Bina Masyarakat Peduli)
Perum. Satwika Permai (Telkom), Block C 1 No 17
Jatiluhur, Jatiasih, Bekasi
Tel. (021) 8211183
M. Hakim Salahudin (mshakim@bmp.or.id)
3. CARE International Indonesia
Jl. Taman Margasatwa No 26D
Ragunan, Pasar Minggu
Jakarta 12710
Tel. 08129999681
Tel. (021)7805547
3
Wahyu Widayanto (wahyu_widayanto@careind.or.id)
Rieneke Rolos (rieneke_rolos@careind.or.id)
4. MERCY CORPS
Graha STK F floor suite F01
Jl. Taman Margasatwa No 3, Jakarta Selatan 12550
Dewi Hanifah (dhanifah@id.mercycorps.org)
Melissa Augustina (msitumorang@id.mercycorps.org)
5. OXFAM
Jl.Taman Margasatwa no.26
Ragunan, Pasar Minggu
Jakarta Selatan 12550
Tel. 081973752971
Tel. 085399969238
Tel. (021)78842686
Tel. 081213417973
Tel. 081210174466
Tel. (021)7811827
Ari Nugroho (anugroho@oxfam.org.uk)
Ancilla Bere (Abere@oxfam.org.uk)
Tel. 082147700282
Tel. 081938852689
6. PLAN International Indonesia
Menara Duta Building 6th floor, Wing AC,
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav B-9, Jakarta Selatan
Wahyu Kuncoro (wahyu.kuncoro@plan-international.org
7. PMI (Palang Merah Indonesia)
Palang Merah Indonesia Building, Jl. Gatot Subroto Kav. 96,
Jakarta 12790
Tel. (021)5229571
Tel. 081809704567
Tel. (021)
Taufik Jeremias (taufik_jeremias@pmi.or.id)
Akbar Prasetya (akbar_prasetya@pmi.or.id)
Tel. 08159211617
Tel. 085311323891
IFRC
PMI Building, Jl. Wijaya 1 No.63 Kebayoran Baru,
Jakarta Selatan 12180
Tel. (021)72793440
Pascal Bourcher (pascal.bourcher@ifrc.org)
Agung Lestyawan (agung.lestyawan@ifrc.org)
Tel. 08111932159
Tel. 08121081758
8. LIFE STRAW
Arva Gondangdia Bld. 3rd Floor
Jl.R.P. Suroso no.40, Jakarta 10350
Aidil (az@adiwara.com)
Tel. (021)39836333
9. SABI (Yayasan Solidaritas Anak Bangsa Indonesia)
Pamulang Permai I Blok N5 no 7-8 RT/RW 06/05, Pamulang Barat
Tangerang 15417
Tel. 02199219876
Tel. 08159007418
Denny Koswara (dkoswara@sabi.or.id)
Subhan Nur (snoor@sabi.or.id)
Tel. 08161172191
Tel. 08112502571
10. SAVE THE CHILDREN
Jl. Taman Margasatwa No26 C
Ragunan, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan
Tel. (021)7812336
Ronald Sianipar (ronald.sianipar@savethechildren.org)
Aduma Situmorang (aduma.situmoring@savethechildren.org)
4
Tel. 08119401636
Tel. 081362441965
11. CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES
Jl. Cililin II no. 4 Petogogan
Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta 12170
Syahri Ramadhan (Adhong) (syahri.ramadhan@crs.org)
12. UNILEVER
Graha Unilever
Jl Jend Gatot Subroto, Kav.15 Lantai 11
Jakarta 12930
Tel. (021) 7251494
Tel. 0811286442
Tel. (021)52996
Waila Wisjnu (waila.wisjnu@unilever.com)
Tel. 08111043788
UN Agencies:
1. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
WTC 6, 10th-12th Floor, Jl. Jend Sudirman, Kav 31,
Jakarta Pusat
Claire Quillet (cquillet@unicef.org)
Tel 021-29968000
2. UN Office for the Coordination and Humanitarian Affairs
Indonesia (UNOCHA)
Menara Thamrin 10th Floor, Jl. MH. Thamrin Kav.3, Jakarta 10250
Tel. (021) 3141308
Tel. 08123860851
Nova Ratnanto (ratnanto@un.org)
Tel. 081265341341
3. The World Health Organization (WHO)
Gedung Dr. Adhyatma, MoH
Block A, 6th floor (room 602)
Jl. HR. Rasuna Said Block X5 Kav. 4-9,
Kuningan Jakarta 12950
Gde Yogadhita (Yogadhitag@who.int)
Sharad Adhikary (ahikarys@who.int)
Tel. (021) 5204349
Tel. 08175450684
Tel. 08121064879
4. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Jl. MH. Thamrin Kav. 3, Jakarta 10250
Kristanto Sinandang (kristanto.sinandang@undp.org)
5
Tel. (021) 3142493
Tel. 082125830718
Standard Operation Procedures in case of emergency
Large Scale Emergency Scenario
Information and
Communication Activities
Coordination Activities
1. HC/UNOCHA convene an immediate Inter Cluster meeting: formal activation of the IASC Cluster
Approach
2. Indonesia WASH Cluster Coordinator to contact National Cluster lead and WASH Cluster
members
3. Staff deployment Indonesia UNICEF WCC and IM (with possibility of seconded national staff
support)
No
Activities
1
WASH Cluster Coordination
Meeting
2
IASC Inter-Cluster Meeting and
National Cluster Coordination
Meeting
3
Situation Report
4
WASH Rapid Assessment
Report
5
WASH Comprehensive
Assessment Report
Performance Indicator
Direct phone contact
By When
 Updated information are shared
(verbal & documents),
 Action plan / response plan are
agreed and set up
 Updated information are shared
(verbal & documents),
 Action plan / response plan are
agreed and set up
Essential information are shared
(Update situation and baseline data)
Essential Rapid Assessment result are
shared to WASH cluster members,
National Cluster and OCHA
Essential Comprehensive Assessment
are shared to WASH cluster members,
National Cluster and OCHA
6
Led by
When?
During first 24 hours after
disaster
Participated by
WASH Cluster
members and other
humanitarian actors
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
WASH Cluster Coordinator
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
OCHA
BNPB
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
Coordinator /
representative from
WASH Cluster
WASH Cluster
members
Aftermath disaster
stage
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members
Entering Early
Recovery stage
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members and other
humanitarian actors
6
WASH Cluster 3W Matrix
7
Information sharing among the
WASH Cluster members using
different means
Updated 3w matrix are shared (data &
information)
Different means of information sharing
are used, i.e. whatapps, twitter, sms
allert, mailing list, etc.
Based on the needs
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members & OCHA
Regularly based on
the needs
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members
Medium Scale Emergency Scenario
Information and
Communication Activities
Coordination Activities
When?
1. UNICEF WCC contact WASH Cluster key members to confirm the scale of disaster, i.e.
BNPB/PU, IFRC/PMI, etc.
 Direct phone contact
 Immediate after
2. UNICEF WCC convene a first meeting at Jakarta level to identify who is responding to this

Email
or
subscribe
the
WASH
receiving the first news
emergency
cluster
google
site:
of the disaster
3. UNOCHA/UNICEF deploy WCC and IM to the field:
https://sites.google.com/site/ind  After first rapid
owashcluster/ to gather
assessment findings
 If medium scale emergency, UNICEF WCC to be deployed for the first week and identify
information
the National WCC and National IM for the longer response period.
 If small scale emergency, national WCC and IM to be deployed under the INGO’s
responding to the emergency
No
Activities
1
WASH Cluster Coordination
Meeting
2
IASC Inter-Cluster Meeting and
National Cluster Coordination
Meeting
Performance Indicator
By When
 Updated information are shared
(verbal & documents),
 Action plan / response plan are
agreed and set up
 Updated information are shared
(verbal & documents),
 Action plan / response plan are
agreed and set up
7
Led by
Participated by
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
WASH Cluster Coordinator
WASH Cluster
members and other
humanitarian actors
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
OCHA
BNPB
WASH Cluster
Coordinator /
representative from
WASH Cluster
3
Situation Report
4
WASH Rapid Assessment Report
5
WASH Cluster 3W Matrix
6
Information sharing among the
WASH Cluster members using
different means
Essential information are shared
(Update situation and baseline
data)
Essential Rapid Assessment result
are shared to WASH cluster
members, National Cluster and
OCHA
Updated 3w matrix are shared (data
& information)
Different means of information
sharing are used, i.e. whatapps,
twitter, sms allert, mailing list, etc.
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members
Aftermath disaster
stage
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members
Based on the needs
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members & OCHA
Regularly based on
the needs
WASH Cluster Coordinator
supported by IM Manager
WASH Cluster
members
Low Scale Emergency Scenario
No
Activities
1
National Cluster Coordination
Meeting
2
Situation Report
3
WASH Rapid Assessment Report
4
Information sharing among the
WASH Cluster members using
different means
Performance Indicator
By When
 Updated information are shared
(verbal & documents),
 Action plan / response plan are
agreed and set up
Essential information are shared
(Update situation and baseline
data)
Essential Rapid Assessment result
are shared to WASH cluster
members, National Cluster and
OCHA
Different means of information
sharing are used, i.e. WhatsApp’s,
twitter, sms alert, mailing list, etc.
8
Led by
Participated by
Following the National
Cluster arrangement
BNPB / BPBD
WASH Organizations
Daily, Weekly,
Monthly
WASH Cluster Coordinator
WASH Cluster
members
Aftermath the disaster
WASH Cluster Coordinator
WASH Cluster
members
Regularly or based on
the needs
WASH Cluster Coordinator
WASH Cluster
members
Hazard and Risks Analysis
Indonesia is prone to many kinds of disaster. The consequences of a disaster depend on the scale of
the disaster and the population density in the affected area. Disasters may hit in remote areas, which
will pose an added challenge to humanitarian responders in terms of the logistics and transportation
requirements. On the one hand, the lack of adequate infrastructure may exacerbate the impact of a
disaster and hence cause more challenges for the responses. On the other end, disasters may also
strike urban areas, which is likely to affect a high number of inhabitants.
Volcano eruptions
There are at least 129 active volcanoes across the country, representing 13% of active volcanoes in
the world. The major parts of these are located on the island of Java, which is also the most densely
populated island in Indonesia. Due to the soil fertility in this area, many of the areas surrounding the
volcanoes are inhabited by moderate to highly dense populations, which could eventually place tens to
hundreds of thousands people in vulnerable conditions once a volcano shows increased activity.
Directorate of Volcanology and Geophysical Hazard Mitigation, Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Resources are the responsible institutions to monitor the volcano activities and provide early warning.
Moreover, there are indications that an earthquake could trigger or increase the volcanic activities of
some mountains. In the National Plan for Disaster Management 2010 – 2014, the directorate mentioned
some mountains (see below) need closed monitoring.
-
-
-
-
-
Mount Merapi at the border of Central Java and Yogyakarta Provinces: the eruption could
trigger evacuation of tens of thousands people in Sleman (Turi, Pakem and Cangkringan Subdistricts), Klaten (Kemalang and Manisrenggo Subdistricts), Magelang (Srumbung, Dukun and
Sawangan Sub-districts), and Boyolali (Selo and Musuk Subdistricts).
Mount Soputan in Minahasa Tenggara District of North Sulawesi: the majority of vulnerable
populations live in Ratahan, Tombatu and Touluwaan Subdistricts, which are 8 kilometers from
the eruption point.
Mount Lokon in North Sulawesi: Kinilow, Wailan, Tinoor, Kakaskasen, Kayau and Woloan
villages of Tomohon Regency, with estimated population of 45,000 (2004 data), are within 8
km from the eruption point..
Mount Ijen in East Java: the most vulnerable areas include Sub-district of Glagah Subdistrict of
Banyuwangi District, Banyuputih and Asembagus Sub-districts of Situbondo District, and
Sempol Subdistrict of Bondowoso District.
Mount Dempo in South Sumatera: although population density is low around the mountain, the
crater needs close monitoring.
Earthquakes and tsunamis
Indonesia is an archipelago located at the boundary of Eurasia, Indo-Australia and Pacific tectonic
plates, which makes the country highly prone to earthquakes. Underwater earthquakes pose an
additional threat by increasing the possibility of generating devastating tsunamis. The Indonesian
Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) records every earthquake at the minimum
scale of 5 RS and shares information with government and non-government institutions and individuals,
through text messages. Earthquake alert is also conveyed through siren, radio communication, fax and
media broadcast. During 2009, BMKG reported 550 earthquakes with magnitude of 5.0 or above on the
Richter scale. The following is the list of earthquakes occurred during the last four years that caused
significant destructions:
9
Time
Magnitude
Affected Area
Figures
Length of
Emergency
Response phase
5,716 died, 37,927 injured.
May 2006
July 2006
March
2007
5.9 RS /
VIII MMI
6.8 RS /
(plus
tsunami)
6.3 RS /
VIII MMI
Yogyakarta
and Central
Java
Damages: 306,234
collapsed/heavily damaged
houses,
2 months
Damage and loss: USD
3.1billion
690 died, 449 injured, 22,521
IDPs
West Java
1,908 heavily damaged houses,
514 slightly damaged houses
?
Damage and loss: USD 12.6
million
West
Sumatera
67 died, 826 injured, 136,834
IDPs.
Damaged houses: 12,948
severely, 12,801 moderate,
17,970 slightly
One month, then
extended another
month for worse
affected areas.
25 died, 162 injured
Sept 2007
Sept 2009
8.4 RS /
VIII MMI
7.3 RS /
VIII MMI
Bengkulu and
West
Sumatera
West Java and
Central Java
Damaged houses: 17,965
severely, 21,035 moderate and
49,496 slightly
1,5 month
Damage and loss: USD 15.1
million
Damage and loss: USD
879million
One month
1,117 died, 2,902 injured
Sept 2009
7.9 7.6RS
/ X MMI
West
Sumatera
114,483 severely damaged
houses, 67,182 moderate
damaged and 68,913 slightly
damaged houses
Two months then
reduced to one
month
Damage and loss: 2.2billion
Floods
Torrential rains, combined with poor river and/or drainage management and changes in land use (both
upstream and downstream), may lead to localized floods. Again, due to the density of population living
in many of these areas, floods could affect between hundreds and tens of thousands of people. Many
areas experience flash floods due to their geographical location. Poor waste management may
exacerbate those conditions and trigger more severe consequences, i.e. post flood typical diseases /
outbreak. Some coastal areas may also be affected by high tides. Small islands are likely to be more
economically vulnerable. Historically, floods usually occurred in the western part of Indonesia, which
experienced higher amounts of rainfall per year as compared to eastern Indonesia. However, due to
climate change, most parts of the country are currently vulnerable to flooding. In some lowland areas,
floodwater remains for months, damaging crops and agriculture land. Flood early warning information
is issued by inter-governmental organization, which is Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Energy and
10
Mineral Resources, and BMKG. In National Plan for Disaster Management, 176 districts or regencies
in 29 provinces are considered as high risk areas.
Landslides
Landslides are likely to occur in high slope areas during rainy season. Earthquakes may lessen the
solidity of soil, which make landslides occurrence is more likely. Furthermore, scientists claim that most
of the land in tropical areas is unstable as it has lost much of its footholds, with a tendency to easily
collapse, particularly in areas with very steep slopes. Early warning of landslides and maps of
vulnerability to landslides is issued by Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources. Government
identified 154 districts or regencies in 26 provinces as high risk areas for landslides.
Forest fires / Haze
Forest and land fires usually occur during the dry season. The welfare and education of the
communities living in and around forests are the main factors underlying those forest and land fires.
Moreover, irresponsible actions of entrepreneurs of forest concession rights, tied with the lack of law
enforcement, may cause major forest fires. Haze and forest fires in Sumatera and Kalimantan may
indirectly affect millions of people even though the number of fatalities could be anticipated to be low.
In peat land, commonly found in Sumatera and Kalimantan, hot coal may remain in some metres below
surface, which makes the fire difficult to fully extinguish it. The last major forest fire was in dry season
of 2006.
Droughts
Droughts are common when the dry season is exceptionally long in certain regions, particularly eastern
Indonesia. An extended dry season may lead to crop failures and will affect malnutrition rates of the
most vulnerable in the affected areas. The country experienced extreme El Nino conditions in 1997
which contributed significantly to a severe drought.
Cyclones and high tides
Tropical cyclones and changes in the regional climate have affected many parts of the country, but it is
difficult to predict which particular areas will be hit by cyclones. Historically, cyclones have not claimed
many in terms of casualties, but their indirect impact (for example: decreased access to basic needs
due to interrupted logistic supplies/economic activities for about a week) in particular to small islands
and areas inaccessible by road, is a valid concern.
Avian and Pandemic Influenza (API)
The threat of human-to-human transmission of avian and human influenza in Indonesia remains a
source of concern. The lack of coordinated and strategic efforts in Animal/Human Influenza (AHI)
management is one of the major concerns. As per 22 January 2009, the number of deaths due to AHI
infection has reached 115 persons, out of a total 141 human cases.
Urban social unrest
10 years after democracy has been reinstated in Indonesia, the country has made significant progress
in terms of economic and social development Indonesia has also made considerable progress in
organizing its national humanitarian response system, recovering from years of communal conflicts that
had displaced 1.4 million people, and caused widespread property destruction. However, the
combination of enormous unmet social demands, a large concentration of the population in major urban
areas - the majority of which are living under or near the poverty line, simmering inter-communal
conflicts, and the people’s perception of corruption in the country, could easily implode public order in
major urban centers. The experience of the 1998 riots is still fresh in the minds of many.
11
Additional situations in the international context and even though external to Indonesia, also pose some
concerns regarding the current stability. The extreme increase in oil prices during 2008, with its ensuing
consequences on the cost of living, and the high food prices crisis faced lately create a scenario where
large parts of the population living standards could be severely affected and even exacerbated. More
recently, the financial crisis can only point to an exacerbation of the conditions in the country for the
coming year.
Scenarios
Large Impact
Mount Tangkuban Perahu erupted during the long holiday period, in the middle of the rainy season,
and with volcanic earthquakes. The character of the mountain is a phreatic - very high risk of toxic
gases. Rivers and water sources flooded and polluted because fed by cold lava. The air pollution
occurs massively including danger pyroclastic gases.
Jakarta is highly affected by the volcanic dust, and Bandung as the province capital is paralyzed,
including activities of flights at major airports paralyzed; Bandung, Banten, and Jakarta. Some vital
infrastructure are severely damaged, roads and bridges affected by lava flows including the
installation of water belongs to PDAM. Some closest health facilities are damaged and it is very much
disrupted health care.
The community are lack of understanding of the risks and coping strategies, due to less experiences
dealing with the large eruption. Most of the affected people are do not have a supply of clothes and
enough food while in the midst of torrential rain. The situation and active of the volcano is difficult to
predict, hence the government and humanitarian actors supposed to prepare for longer emergency
respond period. Volcanic activities remain very high for two weeks, since the first eruption.
Geographic Social Conditions
 Many people who try to get out of the province of West Java with driving a motor vehicle, when
roads and bridges damaged. Very heavy rainfall occurs. Logistical access to West Java is very
limited because the urban poor and the destruction of transport infrastructure. Inflows and outflows
to and from the location collide and cause congestion.
 Residents in four provinces affected by the eruption, namely; Jakarta, Banten, West Java, Central
Java. The number of population in need of humanitarian assistance reached more than 2 million.
Early warning system in the province of West Java is still weak. This is due to local governments
and communities have minimal knowledge about the dangers of Tangkuban Perahu, which had
its big eruption in 1910. No arrangement of safe areas for refugees.
Affected areas
Minimum 2 provinces
Persons in need of
humanitarian assistance
More than 2,000,000 people
Intervention objectives
minimum 400,000 IDP’s
Interveners
Govt of central/ province/ district and city, Army, Police, NGOs,
political parties, private, Red Cross and donors.
Duration




Search & Rescue
Emergency
Early Recovery
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction
12
2 weeks
3 – 6 months
6 months
3 years
Constraints





Local and provincial governments have some capacity to respond, but a coordinated
response is one of the main challenges.
Affected population living in scattered IDP sites, which are managed by government or
spontaneously initiated by communities.
Difficulty to find adequate land for evacuation of IDPs with their livestock.
Time gaps exist between Emergency Response and Early Recovery and between Early
Recovery and Rehabilitation & Reconstruction.
Low quality of information management due to poor data collection from all affected districts.
Some baseline data are available.
Planning Assumptions and Main Humanitarian Consequences







Livelihoods opportunities hampered by emergencies and crops are destroyed.
Increased risk of epidemics, including diarrheal diseases, malaria, cholera and measles.
There are signs of communicable disease outbreak.
Disruption of education services and reduced access to basic social services.
There are indications of psychosocial concerns among affected people.
Major disruption of water distribution channels.
Bandung Airport is temporarily closed and flights diverted to another airport in the same island
(distance between two airport is approx. 200 kilometres)
Raining helps clearing the air from volcanic dusts, but it exacerbates logistic access as it
triggers lava flow and mudslides.
Medium impact scenario
A 7.9 Richter Scale earthquake hit a densely populated area during the night. A total of 1,195 persons
died, 8 missing, 619 severely injured and 1,179 slightly injured. The earthquake damaged major
infrastructure and houses. It is estimated that 80,000 houses are heavily damaged, 95,000 moderate
damage and 125,000 houses are slightly damaged.
Besides that, 2,500 schools, 2,000 places of worship, 125 hospitals and health facilities and 800
government and public building are also damaged at various levels. Port and airport remain open
with limited capacity, while electricity and telecommunication networks were cut off and the water
system is paralyzed.
Affected areas
5 districts in one province are affected
Persons in need of
humanitarian assistance
1,250,000 people are affected
Intervention objectives
Above 400,000 IDP’s
Interveners
Local and national government, local communities, religious
groups, private sectors, universities, UN Agencies, Red Cross
movement, national and international NGOs, military and other
international organizations.
Duration




Search & Rescue 2 weeks
Emergency 2 months
Early Recovery 4 months
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction 2 years
13
Constraints







Varied capacities of Disaster Management agencies at those five districts. Coordination
mechanism is in placed at local and provincial level, with support from national government.
Urban and rural populations are affected by the disaster.
Damaged infrastructure and facilities not built according to standards, and located in disaster
prone areas (especially to earthquake and tsunami)
Poor or no drainage systems in place in urban areas, and large scale deforestation in rural
areas
Few main access roads
Inaccessible baseline data during emergency.
Social and other constraints on vulnerable groups (women, children, elderly and diffable
people) restricting their access to emergency response information and impede time-efficient
action when disaster is imminent or strikes.
Planning Assumptions and Main Humanitarian Consequences
















Livelihoods opportunities hampered by emergencies; crops are destroyed.
IDPs stay near their houses and no big IDP sites
Major destruction and damage of infrastructure (health, schools, water system, roads,
bridges) and logistical facilities.
Population displaced, stranded or trapped in villages, killed, buried or wounded
Children separated from caregivers and increased vulnerability of children, women, elderly,
disabled and chronically ill in all portrayed scenarios.
Outbreak of communicable diseases
Increased risk of epidemics, including diarrheal diseases, malaria, cholera and measles
Disruption of education services and reduced access to basic social services
Gender implications of the disaster: changes in the division of tasks between men and women
at household and community levels, and in their access to and control over productive
resources
Significant number of IDPs experience psychological trauma
Increased risk of gender-based violence
Increased risk of STD/HIV transmission; reduced availability of and access to HIV and AIDS
prevention and treatment services
Crop, livestock and household assets losses
Increased vulnerability of minority groups
Protection and human rights threats, including land and property rights.
Varied level of awareness and capacities of humanitarian/relief organizations on certain
issues, such as protection
14
Low Impact Scenario
A volcano erupted several times within in the last three months which causing at least 3 villager
population shall be evacuated to the safe area. The GoI and/or District declare that there are no any
activities within 5 km since the first eruptions. Local government have declared emergency response
period for 2 weeks and it is extended every 2 weeks during as long as the volcanic activity still high.
At the beginning, there were so many organizations/local actors responded but by the time go on,
the assistances reducing significantly. Community have poor resilience and no experience in
responding/facing the volcano eruption. More than 70% public facilities are destroyed, around 30.000
IDPs stay in camps with inadequate WASH facilities, whilst over 75% of the effected population lost
their income/assets, and over 75% the house of the effected population are damage. The water
supplies facility/source are damaged.
Affected areas
Up to 5 villages in 1 district
Persons in need of
humanitarian assistance
Below 100.000 people
Intervention objectives
30.000 IDPs
Interveners
Local government, local stakeholders; religious organization;
Police and TNI, Public Leaders

Duration


Emergency Response (including Search and Rescue): during
the eruptions
Early Recovery: 3 to 6 months
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction: over 6 months (relocation)
Constraints





Local and provincial governments have some capacity to respond, but a coordinated
response is one of the main challenges.
Poor or no drainage systems in place in urban areas, and large scale deforestation in rural
areas
Few main access roads
Poor baseline data
Social and other constraints on vulnerable groups (women, children, elderly and diffable
people) restricting their access to emergency response information and impede time-efficient
action when disaster is imminent or strikes.
Planning Assumptions and Main Humanitarian Consequences






60% of disaster affected populations is in IDP sites, and the remaining stays at dispersed
communities
Decreased freedom of movement and related livelihoods opportunities hampered by
emergencies; crops are destroyed.
Major destruction and damage of infrastructure (health, schools, water system, roads, bridges)
and logistical facilities.
Children separated from caregivers and increased vulnerability of children, women, elderly,
disabled and chronically ill in all portrayed scenarios.
Increased risk of epidemics, including diarrheal diseases, malaria, cholera and measles
Disruption of education services and reduced access to basic social services
15











Gender implications of the disaster: changes in the division of tasks between men and women
at household and community levels, and in their access to and control over productive
resources
Significant number of IDPs experience psychological trauma. Some of them need serious
treatment.
Increased risk of STD/HIV transmission; reduced availability of and access to HIV and AIDS
prevention and treatment services
Crop, livestock and household assets losses
Malnutrition
Food insecurity
Increased vulnerability of minority groups
Protection and human rights threats, including land and property rights.
Varied level of awareness and capacities of humanitarian/relief organizations on certain issues,
such as protection
Closest international airport in the same island with distance between 200 – 400 kilometres to
districts affected by disaster
About 5% of total affected people live in a small island with poor infrastructure.
Gender – Experience in Indonesia and elsewhere shows that disasters affect men, women, girls and
boys differently. Their different activities mean they are often in different places or in buildings of varying
structural integrity when disaster strikes. These factors overlay existing local conditions which also
contribute to differential gender impact. The Rapid Assessment team should consider the different
needs, capacities and insights of women, men, boys and girls.
16
Defining Cluster Objectives
Objective of the WASH response
Reduce excess morbidity and mortality cases due to WASH-related diseases to preserve life with dignity
of women, men, boys and girls during emergency situations by providing access to safe water,
sanitation and hygiene in collaborations with partners, ensuring that recovery efforts include measure
to prevent or mitigate future disaster risks.
Objective of the WASH cluster
Achieve a more strategic WASH response in supporting the National Cluster’s response (nationalization
of IASC Cluster approach) trough preparedness activities, prioritization of available resources, a
clarification of the division of labor among organizations and a better definition of roles and
responsibilities of humanitarian organizations prior, during and after disaster occurred.
Operational Objectives
The Operational Objectives are dedicated for the context of Emergency Preparedness and Emergency
Response. This is about:
1. Coordination
 Maintenance and strengthen of appropriate humanitarian coordination mechanism
 Maintenance and strengthen the coordination within the WASH Cluster based on the agreed
timeline and role and responsibility
 Coordination with the BNPB, the National Clusters, local civil society, the private sectors and
other relevant actors in a regular basis
2. Advocacy
 Synchronizing and clear connection between the WASH Cluster Contingency Plan and the
National WASH Cluster System
 Having clear understanding of disaster leveling of each WASH Cluster members
 Ensure the application of relevant standards among the WASH Cluster members and the nonWASH Cluster members
 Appropriate planning and strategy development for a predictable response system among the
Cluster members and the National Cluster system
 Ensuring the attention is given to prioritize cross cutting issues
 Utilization of participatory and community based approach
3. Information Management System
 Conduct the effective needs assessment and analyze the findings
 Maintain the WASH Cluster Information Management System by utilizing the agreed
platform/tools, for the purpose of internal WASH cluster and external humanitarian actors
 Maintain the information of WASH Cluster capacity matrix at regular basis
4. Capacity Building
 Contributing in the maintenance and strengthen the knowledge / skill of WASH in Emergency
staffs
 Establishing and maintain the roster of WASH Cluster National Coordinator and WASH Cluster
IM Manager
 Capacity building of the WASH National Cluster (coordination)
5. Resources Mobilization
 Establish and maintain the agreed resources mobilization system among the WASH Cluster
members
6. Monitoring and Evaluation
 Put in place an adequate monitoring and evaluation system
17
WASH CLUSTER AGENCIES CAPACITY MATRIX
Revised in March 2015
No
1
2
Name of Organization
ACF (Action
Contre La Faim)
CARE International
Indonesia
Current Program Location
Jakarta & Kupang - NTT
 All areas in Indonesia for
Emergency response
 Recently CII has office in
Jakarta, Kupang and
Makasar
Current Program/Project
related to emergency
preparedness/response
 Nutrition in IYCF
 Water Supply; Sanitation
and Hygiene Promotion WASH
Internal capacity building for
ERT members
18
Logistic Capacity (WASH
emergency stock: items
and location)
Emergency Response
HR Capacity
Jakarta:
 7 kits of Bladder+ Tap
stands: 19.000 IDPs
 1 unit of Rubber Boat
 Water Pump Well
cleaning kit: 4 Units
 Dislodging Pump: 1 Unit
 Generator: 1 Unit
 Isatphone: 1 unit
 BGAN: 1 Unit
Kupang:
 6 kits of Bladders + Tap
Stands: 4.000 IDPs
 Water Pump – Water
Trucking: 3 Units
 Dislodging Pump: 1 Unit
 Generator: 2 Units
 Hygiene Kits: 270
Kits/HH or 1.350 IDPs
 Isatphone: 1 unit
 BGAN: 1 Unit
2000 hygiene kits consisting
of soap, detergent, sanitary
napkins, bucket, hand
sanitizer are stored in
partner warehouse – BMP
Bekasi
>3 person ERT
 ERT team consisted of
15 staffs
 RED team (CARE
International advisory
staff)
No
3
Name of Organization
SAVE THE
CHILDREN
Current Program Location
1. Aceh
2. North Sumatera
3. Lampung
4. Jakarta
5. Banten
6. West Java
7. Central Java
8. East Java
9. Yogyakarta
10. West Kalimantan
11. East Nusa tenggara
12. South Sulawesi
Current Program/Project
related to emergency
preparedness/response
 2 Current project focus in
SBDRR ( School Base
DRR) as part of
preparedness;
 SETARA Project : North
Jakarta
 PRESTASI Project : North
Jakarta
Logistic Capacity (WASH
emergency stock: items
and location)
250 pacges
Budget
 Limited funds fully
allocated for disaster
preparedness activity
 Internal organization
budget sources for kicking
off the emergency
response
4
OXFAM
1. Jakarta/Urban
TANGGAP! Emergency
Preparedness & Response
19
Logistic & warehouse
 1 Main warehouse located
in Jakarta,
 5 warehouses managing
by Oxfam partners located
in sub-national areas
(Sumatra, Java, Nusa
Tenggara, Urban/Jakarta)
 Each warehouse has
minimum requirement of
WASH related items
(mainly water supply
Emergency Response
HR Capacity
 3 staffs particularly in
WASH
 38 Staffs as Emergency
Response Team (ERT)
 3 EPR (Emergency
Preparedness and
Response) Team: 1 EPR
Coordinator, 1 EPR
Officer for Partnership, 1
EPR Officer for
Information Management
 1 RiC (Right in Crisis)
Lead
 1 Public Health Promotion
technical Coordinator
 1 EFSVL Officer
 1 Regional EFSL
(Emergency Food
Security and Livelihoods)
& 1 WASH technical
Coordinator based in
Jakarta
 Logistic team
No
Name of Organization
Current Program Location
Current Program/Project
related to emergency
preparedness/response
Logistic Capacity (WASH
emergency stock: items
and location)
equipment, hygiene kits,
and basic IEC materials)
though different items and
amount.
 Database of logistic
stakeholders updated
contact including ports,
Suppliers, transporters
etc.
2. Sumatra
Warehouses located in:
 Padang
 Medan
NA
Project with YLI:
National Advocacy on water
shed management
3. Java/Bali
Project with Suar:
Advocacy for District
preparedness to response
Warehouses, located in:
 Bekasi, West Java
 Prambanan, Central Java
 Jogjakarta
Project with Aksara;
Gender mainstreaming in
disaster management
Warehouse, located in:
 Kupang, NTT
4. Nusa Tenggara
NA
5. Papua
Project with Kipra:
Enhancing urban disaster
risk management
20
Office: Jayapura
Emergency Response
HR Capacity
Partners Staff: 5 active
WASH (4 PHP and 4 PHE)
from (CIS Timor Kupang;
BMP Jakarta; YLI, Aksara
and Dejarup Jogjakarta and
Totalitas West Sumatra)
10 available WASH persons
(5 PHP, 5 PHE)
No
5
Name of Organization
PMI/IFRC
Current Program Location
Indonesia Nation wide
Current Program/Project
related to emergency
preparedness/response
1. WASH in emergency
Simulation – Sept 2014
2. WASH basic training –
Nov 2014
3. WASH equipment
procurement – 2015
4. CBHFA – WASH project
in Papua (DRR) –
PMI/NlRC
Logistic Capacity (WASH
emergency stock: items
and location)
 PMI Emergency WatSan
Center, Jatinangor
- Various type of WTP line
- 10 Emergency
Sanitation Box
- 3 Hygiene Promotion
Box
- WASH Mechanic
Workshop
 PMI Padang Regional
Warehouse
- 2 line of WTP
 PMI Makassar Regional
Warehouse
- 2 line of WTP
Emergency Response
HR Capacity
IFRC: 1 CSR coordinator &
Senior WASH officer
PMI
 Head of Health in
Emergency sub Division
 1 WASH in emergency
coordinator
 1 WASH Logistic officer
 1 WASH Mechanic officer
 291 trained WASH
volunteers (as updated
per Jan 2015)
-
6
7
Plan International
Catholic Relief
Services/CRS
Central Java and East
Nusa Tenggara
Indonesia Nation Wide
1. Mt. Sinabung Eruption –
Wash, Shelter and CFW
for livelihood.2014-2015
2. ERICA – Emergency
Institutional Capacity
Accompaniment
(Bandung, Purwokerto,
Palembang, Lampung,
Sintang, Nias) – (20132015)
3. SafER (Sustainable
Agricuture for Climate
Change Adaptation)-
21
 Warehouse in Serpong
Tangerang
 Stock piling 5.000
hygiene kits
 29 staff trained as
Emergency Response
Team (3 person
specialized in WASH)
 No in-country preposition
but CRS has ready list of
Vendor.
 10,000 Wash and Shelter
kit locatd in the
Philippines
 Dubai hub warehouse –
white and CRS logo
preposition included
bladder, collapsible
jerigen,
 4 in house staff for
emergency response and
Trainer
 1 staff MEAL –
Monitoring Evaluation
and Accountability and
Learning
 1 ER Logistic
 Caritas network in all
diocesesan in Indonesia
No
Name of Organization
Current Program/Project
related to emergency
preparedness/response
Current Program Location
Logistic Capacity (WASH
emergency stock: items
and location)
Emergency Response
HR Capacity
Atambua NTT. – 20142016.
8
UNICEF
Indonesia Nation wide
Field offices:




WASH
Education
Child Protection
Health
22
Stock piling for 4.000
Households
 Hygiene Kits
 Jerrycans
 Ground Water Bladders
 Truck Water bladders
 Family Life straw (5000
units)
Warehouses:
 PMI Surabaya
 PMI Banten
 PU Bekasi
 Oxfam Jakarta


WASH Cluster
Coordinator
WASH project officers
trained in WiE in each
focused provinces (NTT,
Papua, SulSel, West
Papua, Aceh)
Preparedness Action Plan 2014 - 2015
WASH Cluster coordination arrangements
Activity
 Bi annual coordination meeting (Contingency Plan revision, National workshop
with GoI, private sector and NGOs)
 One technical meeting (specific topics)
Sanitation in emergency in urban setting/ Nationalization of the WASH Cluster
Focal Point
Tentative
Deadline
UNICEF
March 2015Sept 2015
 Monthly coordination meeting between Cluster lead and BNPB/PU
Estimated budget
USD
7.000
6.000
Information Management
Activity
Focal Point
Tentative
Deadline
 Workshop on IM tool included Rapid Assessment tool
 Finalization of IM tool
 Google group active WASH Cluster will use
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/indonesia/water-sanitation-hygiene
UNICEF - OCHA
Nov 2015
June 2014
Nov 2014
 3W WASH Cluster link with UNOCHA 3W Still pending
UNICEF - OCHA
Estimated budget
USD
5.000
4.000
Capacity Development and Standard Dissemination
Activity
Focal Point
Tentative
Deadline
 WASH Cluster Coordinator training (national staff including National Cluster
participants)
 IM training
 Sphere standards refreshment training (private sector/NGOs/GoI)
 Hygiene Promotion training in Emergency
 Mini simulation WASH Cluster & National Cluster SOP
Estimated budget
USD
10.000
5.000
5.000
7.000
12.000
Contingency Stocks management
Activity
Focal Point
 Quarterly updated stock maps Bi annually
ACF
23
Tentative
Deadline
Estimated budget
USD
 Harmonization of content for Hygiene kits (min standard) Via email
Documentation & Advocacy
Activity
Focal Point
Tentative
Deadline
 Advocacy on development of CP to BNPB/BPBD
 Advocacy on coordination and min standards
 Finalizing WASH Cluster brief (Do & Don’t) for Indonesia context
Estimated budget
USD
1.000
TOTAL
24
62.000