Chapter 10
_Redox__
Combustion
10.1
Reduction and oxidation
True
Oxidation number
electrons Covalent compound:
• 0
• charge
• +1 and -1
• +1 and +2.
• -2
• 0.
• charge.
reduction.
oxidation.
oxidized
oxidized agent
Find the oxidation number for each and determine what is oxidized, reduced, oxidizing agent,
and reducing agent:
Fe2O3(s) + 3 CO(g) --> 2Fe(l) + 3 CO2(g)
Fe+3 O-2 C+2 O-2
Fe0
C+4 O-2
C oxidized, Fe reduced, Fe2O3 oxidizing agent, CO reducing agent
10.2
single
activity series
more
Balancing Redox Reactions in Acidic Reactions:
1. reduction and oxidation
2. Balance
3. H2O.
4. _Hydrogen_
5. _e-_
6.
7.
8. _Cancel_
Balance the following Redox Reactions in Acidic Solution:
I2 + HClO --> HIO3 + HCl
I2 --> HIO3
HClO --> HCl
I2 --> 2HIO3 HClO --> HCl
6H2O + I2 --> 2HIO3 HClO --> HCl + H2O
6H2O + I2 --> 2HIO3 + 10H+ 2H+ + HClO --> HCl + H2O
6H2O + I2 --> 2HIO3 + 10H+ + 10e- 2e- + 2H+ + HClO --> HCl + H2O
1(6H2O + I2 --> 2HIO3 + 10H+ + 10e-) 5(2e- + 2H+ + HClO --> HCl + H2O)
6H2O + I2 --> 2HIO3 + 10H+ + 10e- 10e- + 10H+ + 5HClO --> 5HCl + 5H2O
16H2O + I2 + 10e- + 10H+ + 5HClO --> 2HIO3 + 10H+ + 10e- + 5HCl + 5H2O
1H2O + I2 + 5HClO --> 2HIO3 + 5HCl
Balancing Redox Reactions in Basic Reactions:
1. reduction and oxidation
2. Balance
3. twice as many OH-.
4. _Hydrogen_
5. _e-_.
6.
7.
8. _Cancel_
Balance the following Redox Reaction in Basic Solution:
C2O4-2 + MnO4- --> MnO2 + CO3-2
C2O4-2 --> CO3-2
MnO4- --> MnO2
C2O4-2 --> 2CO3-2
MnO4- --> MnO2
4OH- + C2O4-2 --> 2CO3-2
MnO4- --> MnO2 + 4OH4OH- + C2O4-2 --> 2CO3-2 + 2H2O
2H2O + MnO4- --> MnO2 + 4OH4OH- + C2O4-2 --> 2CO3-2 + 2H2O + 2e3e- + 2H2O + MnO4- --> MnO2 + 4OH3(4OH- + C2O4-2 --> 2CO3-2 + 2H2O + 2e-)
2(3e- + 2H2O + MnO4- --> MnO2 +
4OH-)
12OH- + 3C2O4-2 --> 6CO3-2 + 6H2O + 6e6e- + 4H2O + 2MnO4- --> 2MnO2 +
8OH12OH- + 3C2O4-2 + 6e- + 4H2O + 2MnO4- --> 6CO3-2 + 6H2O + 6e- + 2MnO2 + 8OH412OH- + 3C2O4-2 + 6e- + 4H2O + 2MnO4- --> 6CO3-2 + 26H2O + 6e- + 2MnO2 +
8OH4OH- + 3C2O4-2 + 2MnO4
6CO3-2 + 2H2O + 2MnO2
10.3
Voltaic cells
cathode and anode.
Salt bridge
Potential difference, volts
Half
The potential difference between the two half reactions in a cell
Find the cell potential for the following:
Fe|Fe+2|Br2|Br- when Br2 SRP is 1.065 and Fe+2 is -.44
1.065+ (-(-.44))= 1.51V
Concentration cell
Electricity
Electrolysis
11.1
Polymers
Hydrocarbon
Stronger
Nomenclature
Alkane, -ane
Double
More than one way to bond atoms in nolecules with the same chemical formulas
Alkynes
Name the following:
H-CC-H
1-Butene
12.1
Nuclear and radiation
Spontaneously
Alpha
Zero, zero, and 1
Gamma radiation
Daughter nucleus
The relationship between speed at which radiation is released is directly proportional to the
number of radioactive nuclei present in a sample
Half-life