Census 2011 Briefing Paper
Employment
Date of Publication
3 June 2013
Published by
Policy, Research and Engagement
Key Findings
In Derby for the period October 2011 to September 2012:

The employment rate for the population of Derby was 70.6%

The self-employment rate for the resident population was 10.4% this was lower
than that for the East Midlands and England.
o
22.7% of employees were employed by public sector organisations; this was
higher than both the East Midlands (20.4%) and England (20.5%).


77.3% of employees are employed in the private sector; this is lower than both
the East Midlands (79.6%) and England ((79.5%).

The unemployment rate was 10.1% of all people aged 16 years and over, this
was greater than the East Midlands rate (8.2%) and England (7.9%).

The male unemployment rate in Derby increased by 4.8% to 10.9% and the
female rate increased by 7.1% to 10.5%.

The highest unemployment rate for October 2011 to September 2012 was in the
16 to 19 year age group and reached 31.5% of the population over the age of 16.

In March 2013 the Job Seekers Allowance claimant count rates were 4.8%; this
was higher than the East Midlands (3.7%) and England (3.8%).

Between October 2011 and September 2012, 20.7% of the resident population of
Derby aged 16-64 was economically inactive.

In 2012 both male and female weekly gross pay was higher than in both the East
Midlands and England.

Skilled trades occupations showed the highest male rate of employment with
25.5%.
Administration and secretarial groups showed the highest female rate of
employment with 19.4%.

1.0 Introduction
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) conducted the latest Census on 27 March, 2011. It is
estimated that 92% of people in Derby responded to the Census.
Page | 1
2.0 Employment rate for population aged 16 to 64
In October 2011 – September 2012, the employment rate for the population of Derby was
70.6%; this was not significantly different from that for the East Midlands (71.3%) and
England (70.7%).
Figure 2.0.1 - Employment rate for population aged 16 - 64,
Oct 2011 - Sep 2012
Derby 70.6%
England 70.7%
East Midlands
71.3%
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
2.1 Employment Rate (Population Aged 16-64): Change over Time
In September 2012 the unemployment rate in Derby was 70.6% this was 2.2% lower than the
rate in October 2007 (72.4). In the same period the employment rate in the East Midlands
decreased by 2.5% and in England by 1.9%.
Table 2.1.1 – Employment rates for population aged 16-64 (mid-2011)
Derby
East Midlands
England
Oct 2007Sep 2008
Oct 2008Sep 2009
72.4
73.8
72.6
70.4
72.1
71.1
Oct 2009Sep 2010
%
71.0
71.1
70.5
Oct 2010Sep 2011
Oct 2011Sep 2012
68.2
70.9
70.1
70.6
71.3
70.7
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
In Derby the most significant changes in the employment rate were in the period October
2010 – September 2011 when the rate fell from 71.0% in the previous period to 68.2%. This
downturn in the employment rate was a result of the economic recession.
Although the downturn in employment rate in this period is reflected at both a regional and
national level, it is more significant in Derby (-2.8%) as opposed to -0.2% in the East
Midlands and -0.4% for England as a whole.
Between September 2011 and September 2012 the recovery of the employment rate was
most significant in Derby (2.4%) as opposed to 0.4% in the East Midlands and 0.6% in
England as a whole.
Page | 2
Figure 2.1.1 - Change over time of employment rate, 16-64
Derby
East Midlands
England
Percentage
73.8
72.6
72.4
72.1
71.0
71.1
71.0
70.9
70.7
70.4
70.5
70.1
70.6
71.3
68.2
Oct 2007-Sep
2008
Oct 2008-Sep
2009
Oct 2009-Sep
2010
Oct 2010-Sep
2011
Oct 2011-Sep
2012
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
2.2 Employment Rate by Gender (Population Aged 16 to 64)
In the four year period from October 2007 to September 2012, there was no significant
change in both the male and female employment rate in Derby.
In the same period, the male rate of employment in Derby (75%) was 10% greater than the
female rate. This compares with a difference between England’s male and female annual
employment rates of 11.0%. In the East Midlands, the male employment rate was 10.8%
greater than the female employment rate.
Page | 3
Table 2.2.1 - Male and female employment rates
Oct 2007-Sep 2008 Oct 2008-Sep 2009
Derby
East
Midlands
England
Oct 2009-Sep 2010
%
Males
Females
76.1
65.7
Males
77.2
Females
67.5
Males
76.1
Females
64.5
79.3
68.4
77.5
66.8
75.6
78.7
66.5
76.5
65.8
75.7
Oct 2010-Sep 2011
Oct 2011-Sep 2012
Males
71.5
Females
64.7
Males
75.5
66.5
76.4
65.4
76.7
65.3
75.5
64.8
76.2
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 2.2.1 - Percentage male and female employment rate, Oct 2011 - Sept 2012
% males
% females
76.7
75.5
65.5
65.9
Derby
East Midlands
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 4
76.2
65.2
England
Females
65.5
65.9
65.2
Figure 2.2.2 - Change in employment rate in Derby, 16 - 64
males
Percentage
77.2
76.1
females
76.1
75.5
71.5
67.5
Oct 2007-Sep
2008
64.5
65.7
64.7
65.5
Oct 2008-Sep
2009
Oct 2009-Sep
2010
Oct 2010-Sep
2011
Oct 2011-Sep
2012
Source: Office of National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
2.3 Residence Based Employment Rate by Gender and Occupation
(Population Aged 16 to 64)
In Derby, of all occupations, skilled trades occupations showed the highest male rate of
employment (25.5%) for October 2011 – September 2012. This rate was significantly higher
than any other employment group.
The administration and secretarial occupations group showed the highest female rate of
employment in Derby (19.4%).
This rate was significantly higher than the majority of other employment groups, with the
exception of employment in professional occupations 18.9% and 15.7% in associate
professional and technical occupations.
In Derby there is a significant difference between male and female employment rates in
particular occupation groups such as: Skilled trades occupations, personal service
occupations, sales and customer service occupations and elementary occupations.
In the East Region there is a significant difference between male and female employment
rates in all occupation groups.
Page | 5
Table 2.3.1 - Male and Female employment rate by occupation group, October 2011 – September 2012, Part 1.
Managers and senior
officials
Derby
East
Midlands
England
Professional
occupations
Male
8.8
12.3
Female
5.7
6.9
Male
17.2
15.4
13.0
7.2
18.8
Associate professional and
Administrative and secretarial
technical occupations
occupations
%
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
18.9
15.4
15.7
4.7
19.4
17.7
14.2
11.4
4.3
17.8
19.8
15.6
13.0
4.7
18.2
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Table 2.3.2 - Male and Female employment rate by occupation group, October 2011 – September 2012, Part 2.
Skilled trades
occupations
Derby
East
Midlands
England
Personal service
occupations
Sales and customer
Process, plant and
Elementary
service occupations
machine operatives
occupations
%
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
14.0
5.1
10.2
14.8
2.1
13.4
11.1
Male
25.5
Female
2.5
Male
3.0
25.1
2.8
2.6
17.1
5.5
10.8
13.2
2.8
12.6
12.4
20.4
2.1
2.9
16.0
5.5
11.0
10.3
1.5
10.9
10.6
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 6
Figure 2.3.1 - Male and female employment rate by occupation group, Derby, Oct 2011 - Sept 2012
Male
25.5
17.2
Female
19.4
18.9
15.4 15.7
14.8
14.0
13.4
11.1
10.2
8.8
5.7
4.7
2.5
Managers and
senior officials
Professional
occupations
Associate
Administrative
professional and and secretarial
technical
occupations
Source: Office for National Statistics, Censusoccupations
2011, April 2013 Update
Skilled trades
occupations
5.1
3
2.1
Personal service
Sales and
Process, plant
occupations customer service and machine
occupations
operatives
Elementary
occupations
Figure 2.3.2 - Male and female employment rate by occupation group, East Midlands, Oct 2011 - Sept 2012
Male
25.1
17.8
17.7
15.4
12.3
17.1
14.2
13.2
11.4
4.3
Professional
occupations
12.6
10.8
6.9
Managers and
senior officials
Female
Associate
Administrative
professional and and secretarial
technical
occupations
occupations
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
12.4
5.5
2.8
Skilled trades
occupations
Page | 7
2.6
Personal service
Sales and
occupations
customer service
occupations
2.8
Process, plant
and machine
operatives
Elementary
occupations
2.4 Adult Population in Employment Who Are Self-Employed
In Derby the self-employment rate for the resident population in employment for October
2011 – September 2012 was 10.4%. This was less than the average employment rate for
the East Midlands (12.7%) and 3.4% less than the England rate.
Table 2.4.1 – Proportion in employment who are self employed (16-64)
October
October
October
October
October
2007 –
2008 –
2009 –
2010 –
2011 –
September September
September September September
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
%
Derby
8.1
7.5
8.2
9.1
10.4
East
11.1
10.7
11.6
12.3
12.7
Midlands
England
12.7
12.8
13.1
13.2
13.8
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
2.5 Public and Private Sector Employees
In 2011, 22.7% of employees in Derby were employed by public sector organisations. This
was higher than in the East Midlands (20.4%) and England (20.5%).
Derby has 77.3% of employees employed in the private sector; this is significantly lower
than in both the East Midlands (79.6%) and England (79.5%).
Derby has a higher percentage of full time employees (69.3%) than both the East Midlands
(67.6%) and England (67.6%).
Page | 8
Table 2.5.1 – Public and Private Sector employees, 2011
Full time employees
Part time employees
Public
Private
All
Public
Private
All
Thousands
Derby
16.7
65.1
81.7
10.1
26.1
36.2
East
213.3
1,075.3
1,288.5
175.3
443.5
618.7
Midlands
England 2,883.4 12,712.3 15,595.7 1,853.8 5,609.6 7,463.3
Public
Total employees
Private
All
26.8
388.5
91.2
1,518.7
117.9
1,907.3
4,737.1
18,321.8
23,058.9
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Table 2.5.2 – Public and Private Sector employees, 2011
Full time employees
Part time employees
Derby
East
Midlands
England
Public
Private
All
Public
14.1
11.2
55.2
56.4
69.3
67.6
8.6
9.2
12.5
55.1
67.6
8.0
Private
All
Percentage
22.1
30.7
23.3
32.4
24.3
32.4
Total employees
Public
Private
22.7
20.4
77.3
79.6
100.0
100.0
20.5
79.5
100.0
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 9
All
Figure 2.5.1 - Proportion of public and private sector
employment, 2011
Total Public Sector employees %
Total Private Sector employees %
79.6%
77.3%
22.7%
20.5%
20.4%
Derby
79.5%
East Midlands
England
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
3.0 Unemployment Rate (All People Aged 16 Years and Over)
Between October 2007 and September 2012 the unemployment rate in Derby was
consistently higher than in the East Midlands and England
The unemployment rate in Derby for October 2011 – September 2012 was 10.1% of all
people aged 16 years and over, this was greater than the rate for the East Midlands (8.2%)
and England (7.9%).
Figure 3.0.1 - Unemployment rate in 16 plus population
Derby
East Midlands
England
Percentage
9.3
10.1
8.5
8.4
7.2
7.5
7.6
8.2
7.4
7.7
7.8
7.9
6.0
6.0
5.4
Oct 2007-Sep
2008
Oct 2008-Sep
2009
Oct 2009-Sep
2010
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 10
Oct 2010-Sep
2011
Oct 2011-Sep
2012
3.1 Unemployment Rate (All People Aged 16 Years and Over): Change over Time
In Derby the estimated unemployment rate increased by 1.4% between October 2007 and September 2012. In the same period the
unemployment rate in the East Midlands increased by 2.8% and in England by 2.5%. Also during this period the most significant increase
in the unemployment rate was in Derby (2.5%), the largest increases in the East Midlands were 1.8% and 2.0% in England.
3.2 Unemployment Rate by Gender (All People Aged 16 Years and Over)
From October 2007 –September 2008 to October 2011 – September 2012 the annual male unemployment rate in Derby, increased by 4.8
% and the female rate changed by 7.1%.
The male unemployment rate for this period was not significantly different to the female, a pattern shared at regional and national level.
During this period of analysis the female rates of unemployment in the city fluctuate between 3.4% at their lowest and 10.5% at their
highest. This is not a pattern shared by the East Midlands or England where changes in female unemployment rates tend not to be so
significant.
In all comparator areas the male unemployment rate does not fluctuate as significantly as that for females
Table 3.2.1 - Male and Female unemployment rates (16+)
Derby
East
Midlands
England
October 2007 –
September 2008
% Male
% Female
6.1
3.4
October 2008 –
September 2009
% Male
% Female
8.9
8.2
October 2009 –
September 2010
% Male
% Female
9.8
5.8
October 2010 –
September 2011
% Male
% Female
9.8
8.5
October 2011 –
September 2012
% Male % Female
10.9
10.5
5.5
5.2
7.8
6.6
8.5
6.4
7.9
7.3
8.3
8.1
5.7
5.1
8.2
6.5
8.5
6.6
8.4
7.1
8.4
7.4
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 11
Figure 3.2.1 - Male and female unemployment rates (16+), October
2011 - September 2012
Male
Female
Percentage
10.9
8.3
8.4
8.1
7.4
East Midlands
England
10.5
Derby
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 3.2.2 - Derby Male and female unemployment rates (16+)
change over time
Male
Percentage
Female
10.9
9.8
8.9
9.8
10.5
6.1
8.5
8.2
5.8
3.4
Oct 2007-Sep Oct 2008-Sep Oct 2009-Sep Oct 2010-Sep Oct 2011-Sep
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 12
3.3 Unemployment Rate by Age Group (All People Aged 16 Years and
Over)
The highest unemployment rate in Derby for October 2011 – September 2012 was in the 16
to 19 year age group and reached 31.5% of the population over the age of 16.
The unemployment rate in the 16-19 age range in Derby was not significantly different from
that in the East Midlands (32.4%) and was 2.3% higher than the rate for England.
The unemployment rate in the 20-24 and 35-49 age groups is very similar in all three
comparators areas.
There are two age groups where Derby has the highest rates of unemployment, these are the
20-24 years (11.1%) and 50+ years (5.9%). The most significant of these is the 25-34 age
band where Derby is 2.7% higher than the East Midlands and 3.3% higher than England.
Table 3.3.1 - Unemployment rate by age group October 2011 –
September 2012
16-19
20-24
25-34
35-49
50+
years
years
years
years
years
%
Derby
31.5
16.3
11.1
5.0
5.9
East Midlands
32.4
16.1
8.4
5.1
4.7
England
29.2
17.1
7.8
5.2
4.7
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 3.3.1 - Unemployment rate by age group,
Oct 2011 - Sep 2012
Percentage
16-19 years
Derby
20-24 years
East Midlands
25-34 years
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 13
England
35-49 years
50+ years
4.0 Job Seekers Allowance Claimant Count Rates (Population Aged 16 to
64)
In March 2013, 4.8% of the population was claiming Job Seekers Allowance. Derby’s
claimant rate was higher than that of both the East Midlands (3.7%) and England (3.8%).
In Derby the highest annual increase in the claimant count rate occurred between March
2008 and March 2009 which saw an increase of 2.0%. The latter does not mean an
increase in the absolute number of claimants, as the rate can change due to fluctuations in
the resident population aged 16 to 64.
The claimant rate for England also rose more from March 2008 to March 2009 than in any
other year.
Derby’s claimant rate was higher than in the East Midlands and England for the whole
period of analysis.
Figure 4.0.1 - Claimant count rates (16-64)
Derby
England
East Midlands
Percentage
5.6
4.5
4.9
3.8
3.9
3.8
3.9
2.5
2.1
4.8
4.5
4.0
3.6
3.5
4.0
3.8
3.7
1.9
March 2008 March 2009 March 2010 March 2011 March 2012 March 2013
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
4.1 Economic Inactivity Rate (Population Aged 16 to 64)
Between October 2011 and September 2012, 20.7% of the resident population of Derby
aged 16-64 was economically inactive. In the same period, the inactivity rate for Derby was
not significantly different from the East Midlands (22.2%) and England (23.1%).
Page | 14
Table 4.1.1 – Economic inactivity rate (16-64)
Oct 2007 Sept 2008
Derby
East
Midlands
England
Oct 2008 Sept 2009
23.8
23.1
Oct 2009 Sept 2010
%
22.8
21.9
22.2
23.2
23.1
Oct 2010 Sept 2011
Oct 2011 Sept 2012
25.0
20.7
23.1
23.1
22.2
23.6
23.8
23.1
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 4.1.1 - Economic inactivity rate (16-64), October 2011 September 2012
Percentage
23.1
22.2
20.7
Derby
East Midlands
England
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
4.2 Economic Inactivity Rate, Change over Time (Population Aged 16 to
64)
The annual economic inactivity rate for Derby for October 2011 to September 2012 of 20.7%
was not significantly different from the rate for October 2007 to September 2008. This pattern
extends to the other comparator areas.
For the period October 2011 to September 2012 the annual economic inactivity rate in Derby
was 20.7%. This was the lowest rate of economic inactivity in the East Midlands and England
during the whole period of analysis.
As well as producing the lowest rate of economic inactivity Derby also had the highest rate
(25.0%) during the previous period of October 2010 to September 2011.
Page | 15
The most significant change in the rate of economic activity during the four year period of
analysis occurs in Derby between 2010/11 and 2011/12 when the rate fell from 25.0% to
20.7%.
Figure 4.2.1 - Economic inactivity rate (16-64) change over time
Derby
England
East Midlands
Percentage
25.0
23.8
23.1
22.8
23.2
23.1
23.6
23.8
23.1
21.9
22.2
23.1
23.1
22.2
Oct 2007-Sep
2008
Oct 2008-Sep
2009
Oct 2009-Sep
2010
20.7
Oct 2010-Sep
2011
Oct 2011-Sep
2012
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
4.3 Working Age Economic Inactivity Rate (Population Aged 16 to 64):
Looking for Job Status
In Derby, during the period October 2011 – September 2012, 16.5% of 16-64 year olds who
were economically inactive did not want a job. During the same period 4.1% of those
economically inactive did want a job. These proportions were not significantly different from
those in the East Midlands.
In England during the same period the proportions were slightly different in that 17.5% of
those economically inactive did not want a job and 5.6% did.
Page | 16
Table 4.3.1 – Population aged 16-64 economically inactive in the
period October 2011 – September 2012
Who want a job
Who do not want a job
%
Derby
East Midlands
England
23.8
21.9
23.2
23.1
22.2
23.1
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
4.4 Reasons for Not Looking for a Job
In Derby between October 2011 and September 2012, 7.1% of the population aged 16-64
who were economically inactive and looking for a job, did not do so because of long term
sickness, while 4.3% were looking after family / home and 3.3% had student status.
There is little evidence of significant differences between Derby and the other comparator
areas in terms of the proportions of population economically inactive and not looking for a
job.
Figure 4.4.1 - Population Aged 16-64 who are economically
inactive due to long term sickness
East Midlands
England
Derby
Percentage
7.9
7.5
6.5
6.9
5.8
7.0
6.5
6.4
6.7
4.5
4.7
6.6
7.1
4.4
1.7
October 2007 –
September 2008
October 2008 –
September 2009
October 2009 –
September 2010
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 17
October 2010 –
September 2011
October 2011 –
September 2012
Figure 4.4.2 - Population Aged 16-64 who are economically
inactive because they are looking after family/home
Derby
England
East Midlands
Percentage
7.4
4.0
4.3
4.2
7.0
5.9
5.5
2.1
5.7
5.0
4.9
4.7
5.1
October 2007 –
September 2008
October 2008 –
September 2009
October 2009 –
September 2010
October 2010 –
September 2011
6.0
4.6
October 2011 –
September 2012
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 4.4.3 - Population Aged 16-64 who are economically
inactive due having student status
England
Derby
East Midlands
Percentage
7.0
3.9
3.7
3.9
2.6
2.7
2.9
3
3.9
5.2
3.3
5.0
October 2007 –
September 2008
October 2008 –
September 2009
October 2009 –
September 2010
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 18
1.5
3.6
October 2010 –
September 2011
3.4
October 2011 –
September 2012
5.0 Residence and Workplace Based Earnings
In 2012, the median gross pay for full time workers living in Derby was £493.0 per week, this
was £16.0 more than the East Midlands average and £20.0 less than the England average.
During the same year, median gross pay in Derby was £626.0 per week, compared with
£464.0 in the East Midlands and £512.0 in England
Between 2009 and 2012 there was no significant difference in median gross pay for those
living and working in Derby
Figure 5.0.1 - Full time workers median weekly gross pay, 2012
Workplace based
Residence based
£ per week
626
512
464
493
513
477
Derby
East Midlands
England
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 5.0.2 - Full time workers median weekly gross pay - Derby
Workplace based
Residence based
£ per week
575
496
2009
625
612
626
506
503
493
2010
2011
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 19
2012
5.1 Earnings by Gender - Workplace Based
In Derby in 2012 both male and female weekly gross pay was significantly higher than in both
the East Midlands and England.
Table 5.1.1 –Full time workers median weekly gross pay
Males
Females
£ per week
Derby
618
642
East Midlands
449
495
England
-169
-147
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Table 5.1.2 - Full time workers median weekly gross pay - Derby
2009
2010
2011
2012
£ per week
Males
618
642
671
668
Females
449
495
465
479
Difference
-169
-147
-206
-189
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
In the same period, the median weekly gross pay for male full time workers in Derby was
£189.0 greater than that for female full time workers. This compares with a difference
between the median gross pay of male and female full time workers of £105.0 per week and
£101.0 in England.
From 2009 to 2012, the average earnings of male full-time workers in Derby increased by
£50.0 per week. During this same period there was no significant difference in the median
weekly gross pay of female full-time workers in Derby.
Figure 5.1.2 - Full time workers median weekly gross pay (£)
Females
Males
452
England
553
403
East Midlands
508
479
Derby
668
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Page | 20
6.0 Job Density
In 2010, there were 0.79 jobs per resident aged 16-64 in Derby, compared with 0.74 jobs for
the East Midlands and 0.78 for England.
Derby had the highest job density in 2010 with 0.79 compared to 0.74 in the East Midlands
and 0.78 in England.
Between 2006 and 2010, there was a decrease of 0.04 in the number of jobs per resident
population aged 16-64 in Derby.
Between 2006 and 2010 the job density in Derby declined from 0.83 to 0.79. In the same
period the job density in the East Midlands and England has changed little.
Table 6.0.1 – Job Density
2006
2007
Derby
East Midlands
England
0.83
0.75
0.80
0.88
0.77
0.80
2008
Ratio
0.82
0.75
0.79
2009
2010
0.81
0.74
0.78
0.79
0.74
0.78
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
Figure 6.0.1 - Job Density (%)
Derby
East Midlands
England
0.88
0.83
0.80
0.82
0.80
0.79
0.77
0.75
2006
0.75
2007
2008
0.81
0.79
0.78
0.78
0.74
0.74
2009
2010
Source: Office for National Statistics, Census 2011, April 2013 Update
e
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